1, living customs
Living form: Tujia people traditionally live in mountainous areas, mainly building wooden houses, mostly independent wooden buildings, which have the characteristics of firmness and durability.
Dress habits: Traditional Tujia costumes are mainly blue, black and white. Men often wear blue or black robes, while women often wear blue long skirts. Men wear round hats and women wear blue or white headscarves.
Eating habits: Tujia people's diet is mainly rice, and glutinous rice is often used to make food. Traditional Tujia cuisine includes fish in sour soup and shredded potatoes in hot and sour sauce. The diet is sour and spicy.
Communication etiquette: Tujia people attach importance to friendly communication and pay attention to etiquette. When you visit others, you often bring gifts, such as glutinous rice wine and dried tofu. On festivals or celebrations, people exchange gifts to show their blessings and celebrations.
2. Marriage customs
Marriage form: Tujia traditional marriage is mostly free love marriage, but some areas still retain the custom of arranged marriage, and marriage attaches importance to family marriage and blood relationship.
Wedding ceremony: Tujia wedding is usually divided into three stages: getting married, marrying the bride and returning to the door. During the wedding, there are rich folk activities and ceremonies, such as worshipping heaven and earth, offering tea, hosting banquets and singing folk songs.
Dowry custom: Tujia dowry is mostly in kind, such as clothes, furniture, daily necessities and so on. There are also some items symbolizing good fortune, such as gold and silver jewelry and red cloth.
Wedding custom: After the wedding, Tujia couples will hold a wedding wine according to the custom, and relatives and friends will get together to bless the couple.
3. Funeral customs
Funeral form: Tujia traditional funerals are mostly buried in the earth, which means returning to nature and the earth. During the funeral, there will be corresponding ceremonies and sacrificial activities.
Sacrificial custom: Tujia people worship their ancestors and attach importance to sacrificial ceremonies. During the funeral, a sacrificial ceremony will be held to worship ancestors and pray for ancestors to bless future generations.
Brief introduction of Tujia nationality
Tujia nationality is one of the ethnic minorities in China, mainly distributed in Wuling Mountain area adjacent to Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan and Guizhou. That is, Yongshun, Longshan, Baojing, Sangzhi and Guzhang counties in western Hunan; Laifeng, Hefeng, Xianfeng, Xuanen, Lichuan, Enshi, Badong, Jianshi, Wufeng, Changyang and other cities and counties in western Hubei; Youyang, Xiushan, Qianjiang, Shizhu and Pengshui counties in Sichuan Province. According to the statistics of the fifth national census in 2000, the population of Tujia nationality is 8028 133.
Tujia language is an independent language in the Tibeto-Burman language family of Sino-Tibetan language family. No mandarin, common Chinese. Now most people speak Chinese; About 200,000 people along the Youshui River still use Tujia language, and some people also speak Chinese. Tujia people in Hunan Province are mainly distributed in counties (districts) such as Longshan, Yongshun, Baojing, Guzhang, Sangzhi, Yongding, Wulingyuan, Cili and Shimen.