Lin Zhiyang, a kind and funny little businessman. Although he is a businessman, he never forgets justice for profit. He treats people sincerely and simply, and attaches great importance to friendship. My brother-in-law Tang Ao was humiliated and depressed. He wants to go swimming in the sea to relieve his depression. He readily agreed to Tang's request and refused to pay for the meal. He suggested using the money to buy some goods for overseas sales. Along the way, he played with Tang Ao's temper. Tang saved some reincarnated women, and he gave his full support without complaining. Lan Yin's illness can only be cured by going away from home. Lan Yin's father entrusted it to Tang Ao. In order to comfort the father and daughter, Lin Zhiyang also agreed for his brother-in-law. Lin Zhiyang was detained as a "concubine" by the king of his daughter country. He bound his feet and pierced his ears and knocked on the hanger, and suffered a lot. When he was isolated, he got the help of Crown Prince Yin Ruohua. After his release, Lin did not forget his kindness and rescued Ruohua girl who was framed by her stepmother. After going to Xiaopenglai Mountain, Tang Ao never returned to the mountain. Lin did not listen to everyone's dissuasion and looked for a month. It was not until he saw a seven-character quatrain written by brother in law on the stone tablet that he was willing to admit that Tang did become an immortal and had to return with tears. My niece Xiaoshan learned the truth and decided to go overseas to find her father. He also took Xiaoshan to sea. He was afraid of his niece's illness, so he was considerate to her and tried his best to relieve her anxiety about the hill. After the talented girl in the hill, he accompanied his niece to find relatives overseas for the second time.
Lin Zhiyang is very straightforward. When Duojiugong cured the prince and princess of the tongue-confused country, the king sent someone to reward him with a sum of money. He advised the nine princes who refused: it is better to pay money than to learn stereotyped writing. When he sells goods, he always nails them, riveting them on and riveting them off, and there is no room for ambiguity. He knows that things are rare and precious, and his business style is vividly displayed. Even so, people don't hate him, but because he is humorous, they think this person is cute. He heard that people in the Republic of China laid eggs, so he wanted to buy some eggs and sell them to the troupe to make a fortune. It turned out that he recognized "Dan" as the word "egg" in the play, which made people laugh.
I have participated in the imperial examination when I was young, and I am knowledgeable, but I failed to get into the scholar. He left his book behind and started a voyage. Because he lost his capital, he made a living by showing boats to others. He is over eighty years old, but he is in good health and walks like a fly. I am used to traveling abroad for a long time. I am well-informed, know everything, and can cure many diseases. He cured the prince and princess in Qitongtu, but he was not greedy for money and refused to accept the reward from the king many times. In Black Pool, he judges people by their looks, but he doesn't look down on red and slim black women. He talked brazenly about studying, but he was humiliated by two more knowledgeable black women, so that he was afraid of being questioned again and was humiliated on the spot. When he saw the library, he was too frightened to admit that he was a scholar. But let bygones be bygones. The talented woman came to Beijing to take the exam, and he could take good care of Hong Hong and Tingting. Persuaded by Tang Ao, he published and engraved the prescription handed down from family to relieve people's pain. Hill went overseas to look for his father. At the invitation of Lin Zhiyang, he went to sea again regardless of his old age and infirmity. Duo Jiugong is a simple and kind worker. Mirror Flower Edge inherits some materials from overseas western classics and wild western classics in Shan Hai Jing. After the author's re-creation, with his rich imagination and humorous style, he created a novel with unique structure and novel conception by using exaggeration, metaphor and contrast. The book describes countries such as scholar country, daughter country, intestine-less country, dog-sealed country, Nie 'er country and Gu Xuanguo. These works are characterized by people's unique talents and learning skills, local customs, or local historical sites, which show the author's fantasy of expanding the ancients and his desire to discover different countries and people outside China. On the surface, the text of Mirror Flower Edge shows all kinds of illusory, romantic and quiet worlds, but in its depths, it has collided with the deep and sad universal consciousness supported by the great tension of love, persistence and death and doubt. This questioning of the basic problems of human existence is the most attractive part of this novel.
Through the description of dozens of countries in the Mirror Flower Garden, including positive comments and side satire, it is not difficult to see that it advocates and opposes the following points: First, it advocates equality between men and women. It requires women to learn from an early age and take the same exams as men. Oppose men's oppression of women, especially foot-binding and ear-piercing, and express anger and protest.
In the girl country in the book, I imagine a society centered on women. "Men wear dresses and, as women, manage their internal affairs; Women, like men, wear boots and hats and manage foreign affairs. " Whether dealing with political affairs or engaging in productive labor, women's intelligence is no different from that of men. Compared with the method of "changing places", it shows that many systems of "men are superior to women" in China society where the author lived at that time are unreasonable.
The author also described many "talented women", focusing on the talented women's life of intellectual women. Although there are definitely too many descriptions of "gifted scholars" in the book, it can be seen that the descriptions of "classical gifted scholars" combined with classics, medical divination, piano, chess, calligraphy and painting are orderly and abrupt changes. , can be regarded as an integral part of the work.
Second, oppose some superstitious systems, such as letting parents sleep for many years because of choosing geomantic omen, sending children to an empty door, letting three aunts and six grandmothers go in and out of the house, telling fortune, telling zodiac signs, telling fortune, getting married and so on.
Thirdly, culturally, he opposed stereotyped writing, looked down on the people in the imperial examination and sympathized with the scholars who had been down and out all their lives. It advocates that everyone should read and understand, learn from the past and learn from the present. It hopes to have a sub-subject examination such as "or general classics, or Ming history, or ci fu, or poetry, or strategy, or books, or music, or phonology, or criminal law, or calendar, or calligraphy and painting, or medical divination". The author expresses his social ideal with the country of scholars. Scholars are the undisputed country of rites and music. There are four big characters written on the city gate: only goodness is treasure. The Lord of the country has strict orders that if subjects offer jewelry, they should not only burn it, but also demand punishment. People here give and take from each other.
In this way, the novel denies the hegemonic and corrupt feudal officialdom, denies the real society full of intrigue and intrigue, and ridicules those fake Confucian scholars who are beyond the golden jade and fail to get to Maicheng with spicy and humorous writing. The pretentious pedant of the Republic of China actually interpreted "my youth" and "my youth" in Mencius as "attacking me" to attack people. Such an uneducated generation is also mercenary and wants to take advantage of money. There are gold plaques everywhere in Shu, which are virtuous, virtuous, Confucian, wise and upright. All kinds of people are wearing Confucian scarves and plain clothes. They are polite and foul-mouthed, but they are very stingy. When they are full, they will even hold the leftover salt beans in their arms, and even put a used bald tooth stick in their sleeves. The works reveal the sour taste of these fake sven through internal and external comparison, and the ugly satire of soldiers and men is incisively and vividly.
Fourth, in life, we advocate simplicity and thrift and oppose extravagance and waste. Oppose the exquisite daily diet and make it lazy. Oppose eating and drinking. Oppose the three dynasties, the full moon, the hundred days, and the first year of giving birth. Oppose the "extravagant wind" of "marriage, funeral and marriage, food, clothing, housing and transportation".
Fifth, in terms of social atmosphere, we should be sincere and oppose hypocrisy and hypocrites. It praises being aloof from the world, being courteous and courteous, and striving for the best. Oppose being too poor and loving the rich. It advocates being kind to others and making people "turn over a new leaf". It opposes litigation. It requires a thorough view of life and death and despises fame and fortune. It tries to laugh at those uneducated people who pretend to be full when they know there is nothing in their stomachs.
Sixth, oppose excessive exploitation. For example, the rich in a country without intestines "store the food handed down in their stomachs for the next meal" and are reluctant to let the servants try their best to have a full meal. They "eat before eating" again and again.
In a word, Li Ruzhen's ideal society is not a distant dream. Considering the reality of China for nearly a hundred years, some ideals have completely come true, some have come true to some extent, and some may come true after a certain period of time. It should be admitted that all Li Ruzhen's ideals are progressive to varying degrees, and they are all ideas of truth, goodness and beauty aimed at ugliness, torches that guide people to get rid of old cloth and new ones, and medicines that inspire people to forge ahead. Although Li Ruzhen is a progressive thinker and writer, he still can't completely get rid of the fetters of the old consciousness. Because of the limitation of the times, or because of the stale feudal consciousness, there are still some backward ideas in Li Ruzhen. When he put forward his own opinions and criticisms, many places were pedantic and incomplete, and even tried to replace reform with retro.
First of all, the author has a tradition of thinking. He thinks that the "lower class" has no knowledge and is not responsible for all bad customs. Scholars, especially the "gentlemen" among scholars, should take the lead in correcting these unhealthy trends (this view was particularly reflected in Wu Yu's twelfth conversation). So some of the phenomena reflected in the book were mostly middle-class society at that time. Especially in the description of countries at home and abroad, there is no place that does not deny that the battle for the monarch embodies the orthodox concept of maintaining the Tang Dynasty. Promote the concept of women's day in describing the intention of Wuhou; When writing about street pedestrians in Blackpool, men and women branch around, which shows that men and women have different ideas. Write 100 or so talented women, no one is a person with a desire for love. Among them, if all the parents are married, no one can fall in love and get married freely. Li Ruzhen regards free love as a street evil. He even spread the wrong idea of discriminating against women that "only women are difficult to raise" to a certain extent. When describing two kinds of people in Ren Jing Country, one is a deceitful and abnormal villain, and the other is a man who spins silk and a delicate woman.
Secondly, the author encourages superstition to some extent. After criticizing the superstitious behavior of geomantic omen in funeral, he also preached the lesson of the Six Benevolent Gods through the mouth of a talented woman. When he criticized the slaughter of cattle, although there was no lack of correct views, he also had superstitious causal thoughts. In particular, while describing a beautiful ideal country, he made the protagonist Tang Ao abandon the reality and go to the road of escaping from the world, which reflected his ambivalence of entering the WTO and avoiding the world.
Finally, in order to show the versatility of many talented women, the book makes talented women talk about classics, history, phonology and literature. The overflow of knowledge and knowledge in novels has become the biggest drawback. A Dream of Red Mansions also talks about poetry and painting, saying that music theory talks about pulse conditions and even prescriptions, but it gives readers a completely different feeling from the Mirror Flower Garden. The knowledge and knowledge in The Mirror Flower Garden can not only solve people's sleeping demons, but also make people feel that the author shows off his knowledge and knowledge through the mouth of characters, and it is boring, which makes people unable to read and sleepy. Moreover, this knowledge can only explain a talented woman's knowledge and expertise, reflect her views on social contradictions, and has nothing to do with the personality characteristics of the characters. This knowledge covered the plot of the characters, drowned the characteristics of the novel, and formed a grocery store selling all kinds of knowledge. Exaggeration: In most satirical works, exaggeration-this kind of irony is loved by most writers and used by Li Ruzhen when expressing some satirical content. He deliberately exaggerates a certain figure or phenomenon that needs to be expressed, which makes the subjective assumed logic of comedy characters in his works incompatible with the normal logic in real life, thus producing a unique effect and deepening the satirical content that the author wants to express. In this work, exaggeration is used properly.
The fourteenth time in the book, the group came to a country without intestines, and Duojiugong introduced the characteristics of this country to Tang and others. People here "eat whatever they eat, but they don't stay in their stomachs, but eat it and pass it on", while people who want to get rich "pass it on to their stomachs because of what they eat". Although the name is dung, it didn't stay in their stomachs and it didn't stink, so they still kept it well for the next meal. "However, this is the case. Those families who want to get rich are still not enough. Not only do they not let their servants and maids have enough to eat, but they also "eat shit three or four times, then eat it again, and then make a scene." Don't argue about rice and dung, it will start a new stove. " [1]35 Such an exaggerated description makes readers laugh and see the ugly faces of those rich people who are unkind and mean. They ignore human life for their own benefit, which is not only the author's intentional exaggeration, but also a true portrayal of the real world.
Comic technique: The work "Flower in the Mirror" depicts a fantastic world with a strong romantic color. However, the author's description of the human feelings of overseas countries in the book is not arbitrary, but based on its implied meaning, it is carefully outlined by cartoon. As we all know, when cartoons satirize some people or things, the effect is often much stronger than that of direct narration with language. It was Li Ruzhen who grasped this point, slightly exaggerated and distorted the line drawing technique, and outlined the main features of a country, which made people feel ridiculous and realized the true meaning.
Contrast technique: Li Ruzhen satirizes the imperial examination system by contrast technique, and reveals the spiritual poison of the feudal imperial examination system by comparing different characters and the same character. In contrast, he further satirized those fake literati who put on airs and had no ink in their chests, and exposed their ugly inner spiritual world.