(1) Otogenic diseases: Most of the common causes of tinnitus belong to otogenic diseases, and tinnitus caused by such diseases is often accompanied by hearing loss. According to the damage site of otogenic diseases, otogenic diseases that cause tinnitus can be divided into four categories:
① Lesions of auditory system: Lesions mainly involve external ear and middle ear. The common causes are external auditory canal embolism, foreign body, ear furuncle, mycosis, dermatitis, eczema, acute and chronic eustachian tube, otitis media, otosclerosis and other diseases that affect human health.
② Cochlear lesions: lesions involving the inner ear labyrinth. The common causes are Meniere's disease, noise, ototoxic injury and sudden deafness, which threaten human health. There is usually an obvious medical history. Hearing examination shows that sensorineural deafness is often the cause of severe tinnitus.
③ Post-cochlear lesions: generally including auditory nerve and cerebellopontine angle lesions, such as Hunter syndrome, acoustic neuritis, acoustic neuroma, etc.
④ Lesions of auditory pathway: including lesions of cochlear nucleus of brain stem, conduction pathway of auditory pathway and auditory pathway of cerebral cortex. This kind of injury can lead to intractable tinnitus.
(2) Non-otogenic diseases: Among the causes of tinnitus, non-otogenic diseases generally refer to all diseases that are not directly related to the auditory organs. Tinnitus caused by this kind of disease is accompanied by related symptoms and signs of a certain disease. Such common diseases are as follows:
① Cardiovascular diseases: hypertension, anemia, atherosclerosis with vascular embolism, periauricular hemangioma and vascular malformation.
② Metabolic diseases: hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism. The incidence of tinnitus in diabetic patients is very high. The incidence of tinnitus in hyperlipidemia patients with vascular occlusion and sensorineural deafness is higher than that in the general population.
③ Brain injury and nervous system diseases: blast injury, head injury, concussion, encephalitis, etc. can cause tinnitus, and its incidence rate is also very high. Patients with encephalitis and meningitis often suffer from deafness and tinnitus after recovery, which is very annoying.
Neuropsychiatric factors: neurasthenia, tinnitus, often accompanied by memory loss, dizziness, backache, fatigue and other symptoms.
What are the hazards of tinnitus?
1, affecting hearing: Very loud tinnitus will interfere with what you hear, and you often hear voices but can't hear what others are saying.
2, affect the mood: long-term severe tinnitus can make people upset, worry, trouble, anxiety, depression and other emotional changes. Some people would rather be deaf than tinnitus, which is unbearable. Some people even think of suicide because they are told that there is no cure and there is no good way because they seek medical treatment everywhere.
3, affecting sleep: tinnitus is particularly loud in the dead of night, making it difficult to sleep. Even if I fell asleep, it was very shallow. Some people complain that if they don't sleep deeply, they will be woken up by tinnitus (tinnitus can wake up their owners like external sounds). Because after waking up in the middle of the night, tinnitus still keeps ringing, which makes people fidgety and difficult to sleep.
4, affecting work: because I can't hear other people's speeches, especially the speeches of leaders and teachers, I endure the great pain caused by tinnitus, but I often can't be understood, so my work efficiency drops and I gradually lose interest in work and study.
5, affecting family life: seeking medical treatment and taking medicine for a long time because of tinnitus will bring economic losses and even lead to great economic pressure. If it is not understood by family members, it will affect family harmony.