Recently, the Qing Dongling Mausoleum announced the launch of the largest cultural relics restoration and protection project since its founding. After the destruction of grave robbers and the erosion of wind and rain, more than 700 million yuan will be injected into the imperial mausoleum complex with the largest scale, the most complete system and the most appropriate layout in China, so that the destruction of cultural relics will not continue to deteriorate. What is the extent of its destruction and erosion? What is the historical background of its transformation, and what traditional and modern technologies will be adopted to "repair the old as the old"? What are the difficulties in the transition?
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Many cultural relics of the Dongling Mausoleum in Qing Dynasty have been corrupted to varying degrees for so many years, and they were damaged before the founding of New China. If it is not repaired, the situation will continue to deteriorate. There are 49 items in 7 categories in the Qing Dongling Mausoleum, which is estimated to cost 7 1 10,000 yuan. The most important, such as this ancient building, including Yuling in Qianlong, Ding Dong Mausoleum in Putuo Valley in Cixi, Ding Dong Mausoleum in Puxiang Valley in Ci 'an, Jingling Monument Building in Kangxi and Xiaoling Stone Bridge in Shunzhi, are all large-scale repairs and tens of millions of projects.
After two grave robberies, the underground palaces of four emperors, 15 empresses and 136 concubines, were all stolen except Xiaoling Mausoleum in Shunzhi, Qing Dynasty. Because of folklore, Shunzhi became a monk and Xiaoling was a cenotaph. In fact, his inscription is very clear. He was the first emperor of the Qing Dynasty, and the country's financial resources were poor, and there were no treasures in the underground palace. The Jingling of Kangxi was closed at 1952, and there was water in the area. According to the local old people in their sixties and seventies, they often played hide-and-seek in the underground palace when they were young.
As for the cultural relics stolen from the mausoleum, I don't know where they went. Whether 1928 or 1946 was robbed, it has never been auctioned publicly, whether at home or abroad. 1946 was stolen, and some data records were later recovered, but their whereabouts were unknown.
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Now there are five bones in Gan Long's coffin, because after Sun Dianying robbed the tomb, the bones of Gan Long and the queen's concubine were shredded. When reburied, except for one bone, which can be distinguished and put into the coffin alone, other pieces can not be distinguished. According to the seniority, it's hard to clean up, so I can only be buried in a coffin and die in the same bed there. Cixi's coffin is now a mummy.
Most coffins are made of golden nanmu. In ancient times, the way to preserve coffins was to choose good wood first. Golden nanmu is very hard and dense with good corrosion resistance. In addition, the coffin will be painted with 49 layers of paint, which is enough to seal the coffin. The internal oxygen content is very low, the temperature and humidity are constant, and it is naturally antiseptic.
As for why not, it is mainly because of grave robbery. On the other hand, when Sun Dianying robbed the tomb in 1928, Cixi had been dead for 20 years. However, according to historical records, when Cixi opened the coffin, her body was still glowing, as if she were asleep. If a person has been dead for 20 years, it should have become a bone, which shows that the coffin has a very good anti-corrosion function.
These two coffins are well preserved. Queen Qianlong's coffin was seriously damaged, the wood rotted, and the top had collapsed due to long-term moisture. In addition to coffins, other wooden buildings have similar situations. For example, the Ding Dong Puxiang Yuling in Ci 'an is the real queen of Xianfeng, and the ceiling of her Long 'en Temple is not good. I even fell down one night, but fortunately it was not during the day, otherwise it would be easy to hurt people.
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The Dalagni quilt is actually a brocade, not a quilt. This cultural relic is made of gold thread and brocade. The one used by Cixi was inlaid with 820 pearls, and it was covered on her at that time. Knowing the tomb thief's treasure, I dragged all the pearls off it and threw away the brocade. I didn't expect this brocade to be the most valuable. Both materials and workmanship are first-class, and because of its uniqueness, it was used by Cixi for her funeral. Therefore, it is the treasure of our town museum.
Grave robbers are really hateful. If everyone knew the expression "innocence": handing over cultural relics to the country, it would not make such a precious ancient tomb a bleak ending. This is the tomb dug up now, and many tombs have not been found. I wonder if this is the same fate.