16 1 year (18th year of Shunzhi), the first emperor the emperor shunzhi's Xiaoling Mausoleum began to be built, and 1664 (3rd year of Kangxi) completed the main project. 1668 (the seventh year of Kangxi), Shengde Shengong Pavilion was built.
1674 (13th year of Kangxi), Emperor Kangxi's first empress, Empress Xiao Chengren, died and began to build Jingling. 1676 (15th year of Kangxi) broke ground. 168 1 year (20th year of Kangxi), when Empress Cheng Xiao and Xiao Zhao were buried, the Long 'en Temple in Jingling was still under construction. At the same time, with the completion of Jingling Princess Garden, which buried Emperor Kangxi's concubines, it became the first princess garden built in the pass of Qing Dynasty.
1688 (twenty-seventh year of Kangxi), Emperor Kangxi built a temporary security hall outside the Feng Shui wall and east of Dahongmen in accordance with his grandmother's wishes. Thirty-seven years later, that is, 1725 (the third year of Yongzheng), Yong Zhengdi decided to rebuild the temporary Anfeng Hall into the Zhaoxiling Mausoleum, which was started on the third day of the second lunar month and completed by the end of the year. After the temporary Anfeng Temple of Xiaozhuangwen was completed, Emperor Kangxi built a tomb for Empress Xiao Zhang Hui on the east side of Xiaoling Mausoleum, which was completed in about 1693 (the exact age is to be tested). This is the first mausoleum built in the Qing Dynasty, setting a precedent for the Qing Dynasty to build a mausoleum for the empress alone. Because it is located in the east of Xiaoling, it is the same system as Xiaoling, so it is named "Xiaoling".
In the early years of Yongzheng, Yong Zhengdi identified his eternal happiness as Zunhua Jiu Feng chao yang shan, and shipped a lot of building materials. 1729 (the seventh year of Yongzheng), Yong Zhengdi abandoned it on the pretext that "the scale is large, but the shape is incomplete, and the cave is covered with sand and gravel", which was later built at the foot of Taining Mountain in Yixian County, Hebei Province. From then on, there was a distinction between Dongling and Xiling.
Shortly after Emperor Qianlong ascended the throne, two concubines, Hui Hui and Yiyi, the grandmother of Emperor Kangxi, built a garden bed next to Jingling, which was called the imperial concubine garden bed, commonly known as the double imperial concubine mausoleum.
1742 (the seventh year of Qianlong), Emperor Qianlong identified the holy water valley of Dongling as his eternal place, and ground was broken in February of the following year, and it was completed in 1752 (the seventeenth year of Qianlong). 1799 (the fourth year of Jiaqing) was named "Yuling".
1747 (the 12th year of Qianlong) broke ground in Princess Yuling Garden, and 1752 (the 17th year of Qianlong) was completed. 1755 ——1762 (20-27 years of Qianlong) was expanded, adding Fangcheng, Minglou, Baocheng and East-West Attachments.
In order to balance the relationship between Dongling and Xiling, 1796 (the first year of Jiaqing), Tai Lihong ordered the tombs to be built in the order of Zhao Mu.
Daoguang established the tomb in Baohuayu, Dongling in 182 1 (the first year of Daoguang) and completed it in 1827 (the seventh year of Daoguang). Its Princess Garden and Princess Garden have also been completed. In the second year after the completion of Baohua Yuling, it was found that the underground palace was leaking, and Emperor Daoguang also visited the mausoleum site of Xiling. Subsequently, the completed Dongling Baohua Yuling and Princess Garden were scrapped and transported to Xiling for reconstruction, leaving a ruin in the Dongling boundary.
After Emperor Xianfeng ascended the throne, he chose the mausoleum site as the Ping 'an Valley in Dongling. 1859 (the ninth year of Xianfeng) broke ground. Because of the outbreak of the Second Opium War, tomb workers were blocked. 186 1 year (the 11th year of Xianfeng), after the death of Emperor Xianfeng in chengde mountain resort, the work of the mausoleum was forced to step up, and it was completed in 1866 (the fifth year of Tongzhi), and it was named "Dingling". Later, the imperial concubine's garden bed also came to an end When Dingling was built, due to the compensation for defeat and the emptiness of the national treasury, a large number of old materials abandoned by Daoguang Emperor of Baohua Imperial Palace were taken as a last resort, and the construction quality was not as good as before.
1873 (the 12th year of Tongzhi), the tombs of Empress Dowager Ci 'an and Empress Ding Dong broke ground in Puxiang Valley and Putuo Valley in Erli east of Dingling, and were completed in 1879 (the 5th year of Guangxu). After 16, Cixi ordered the restoration of her mausoleum. /kloc-started in 0/895 (the 21st year of Guangxu) and was completed in 0/908 (the 34th year of Guangxu), which lasted 13 years. Because these two mausoleums are located in the east of Dingling and belong to Dingling, they are collectively called "Ding Dong Mausoleum". Cian's mausoleum is called Puxiangyu Ding Dong Mausoleum; The mausoleum of Empress Dowager Cixi is called Ding Dong Mausoleum in Putuo Valley.
Emperor Tongzhi did not choose a mausoleum site before his death, and only after his death did he make a hasty assessment. The mausoleum is located in the double valleys within the Dongling boundary, and Dingling is named "Hui Ling". 1875 (the first year of Guangxu) was started and 1878 (the fourth year of Guangxu) was completed. The Forbidden City, located in the west of Hui Ling, was also built in 1876- 1878 (Guangxu 2-4). Due to the difficult national strength, it took only 265,438+0 years to 65,438+0,899 years (the 25th year of Guangxu), but it was found that most of the wooden components in the Long 'en Hall had been damaged and decayed, and had to be demolished and rebuilt. The renovation project started in that year (1899). Eight-Nation Alliance's occupation of Beijing forced the project to be suspended until 1906 (the thirty-second year of Guangxu), which lasted for eight years. [5]
1in July, 928, Sun Dianying, commander of the 12th Kuomintang Army, planned a theft of Dongling in the name of "beating bandits", and stole the Yuling of Emperor Qianlong and the Ding Dong Mausoleum of Empress Dowager Cixi. [6]
1September, 945, the captain of the intelligence team of Jidong Military Region 15 Army Division, Wang, Mu Shuxuan, Jia Zhengguo, Zhao, Liu En, Liu and others, belonging to the pseudo-Jidong Defence * * autonomous government, brazenly began to rob the tomb. There are 14 mausoleums in the whole Qing tombs, and almost none of the mausoleums of 157 people are spared.