Question 2: What kind of soil can be used as fill? 1. Project overview.
1. 1 The absolute elevation of this project is 0.00 relative to 48.50m, and the buried depth of the foundation is-14.6m; The thickness of external wall of underground structure is 300 mm for the first floor, and 350 mm and 450mm for the second floor. The second floor is surrounded by a local pure basement (the roof elevation is -3.95 ~ 5.7m, and the structural roof thickness is 250mm).
1.2 The underground structure of the building is 127.5 m long and 87 m wide. The west side of the foundation pit of this project has been excavated to B6 foundation pit (the foundation pit of B6 Zhongzheng Building is slightly deep and is now in the shutdown stage), and the rest of the slopes are supported by slope protection piles, and the gap between the inner skin of the slope protection pile and the outer skin of the structure is 0.3m. 240mm thick brick retaining wall is also used as the external formwork of underground structure, and the gap is filled with masonry.
1.3 The underground waterproofing method is double-layer (4+3 type) SBS modified asphalt waterproofing membrane. The waterproof protective layer of external wall sticking method is a brick protective wall with a thickness of 120mm, and the waterproof protective layer of the second floor roof of pure basement is: 20mm thick mortar +60mm thick C 1.5 concrete protective layer.
1.4 The scope of backfilling works includes pure basement cover backfilling and fertilizer tank on the west side external wall (the clear distance from the external wall skin of B6 engineering structure is 10m, and the backfilling time depends on the backfilling situation of B6), and the total backfilling earthwork volume is about 1.72 million m3. According to the design requirements, the backfill soil of all fertilizer tanks should be in contact with the external wall (not less than 500mm) and filled with 2:8 lime soil to ensure the underground waterproof effect.
2, earthwork backfill construction arrangement
2. 1 After the structure construction enters the underground, according to the actual situation on site, the underground waterproof construction will be inserted in time, and the brick protective wall and the waterproof protective layer of the roof will be concreted. According to the deployment of the construction organization design, the waterproof and backfill construction of the structure should be ensured to proceed normally. Based on the principle of reducing the mutual influence between processes and closely connecting, according to the requirements of the construction schedule, the two-story structure on the ground will be completed after July 20, 2006.5438+0.
2.2 Backfill construction starts from the southeast corner of the project, that is, the second-floor underground roof with an elevation of-5.7m. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure the construction progress of the roof structure and underground pool, and create conditions for waterproof and backfill construction. After backfilling to the elevation of-3.95m, backfill the soil on the east and north sides of the building.
2.3 When conditions permit, the construction of underground cover on the west side and the backfilling between the west side of external wall and B6 shall be carried out in time. Because the height of the west external wall is nearly 9m, in order to ensure the masonry safety of the waterproof brick wall with a thickness of 120mm, the masonry and backfilling should be carried out alternately step by step, and the masonry height of each brick wall is 2.5 ~ 3m.
2.4 quantities and construction plan of backfill soil in each part
Backfill quantity of construction site (m3) Remarks on backfill time
Covering southeast (-5.7m)3 150 10 days.
Covering the east and north sides for 4750 15 days.
The west side is covered with soil for 3450 10 days.
Backfill between B6 and B6 for 585,020 days is calculated as 1/2.
Total 17200 calcareous soil 1450m3.
2.5 Earthwork backfilling construction in rainy season will bring difficulties to underground waterproofing and backfilling. In order to overcome the adverse effects of rainy season, it is necessary to make all aspects of production preparations, formulate waterproof and rainproof measures, seize the favorable weather time, and ensure the tight construction rhythm and the completion of earthwork backfilling.
3, operation acceptance and construction preparation
3. 1 construction preparation
3. 1. 1 According to the backfill operation time at different positions and stages, mechanical appliances and materials such as earth-moving vehicles, tamping machinery, springboard, tarpaulin and water pump shall be implemented in advance to meet the construction needs.
3. 1.2 Determine the source and use time of soil according to the design quality requirements and backfill dosage; Determine the lime supply of lime soil.
3. 1.3 According to the design requirements and the provisions of the Code for Construction and Acceptance of Earthworks, and according to the water content and dry density test of soil materials (the design requirements are not less than 16KN/m3), determine the test procedure, formulate the test plan and make good preparations for the test.
3. 1.4 Arrange backfill construction labor, organize operation teams, improve construction technology, and prepare human resources for completing construction tasks with good quality and quantity. 3.2 Operating Conditions 3.2. 1 Before backfilling, the foundation wall, roof and underground waterproof protective layer shall be inspected and accepted. Check the reserved holes ... >>
Question 3: Ask for some information about white matter! Funeral is the last ceremony for people. The so-called funeral customs are the manners and customs when dealing with the dead. In the traditional culture of China, funeral customs occupy an important position. Burying a corpse to avoid decay is not only an activity, but also a etiquette and custom for the living to express their sadness and condolences to the dead. Confucianism preached and carried out the filial piety of "being cautious to the end and pursuing the distance" through funeral ceremony, and the rulers emphasized and maintained the social hierarchy through funeral system to achieve the purpose of regulating society. Therefore, the funeral system in China has extremely rich connotations. With the passage of time, the complicated funeral system has become increasingly simplified. What is introduced here is mainly the funeral system in modern Jiangsu.
1. Guide the route. If the patient or the elderly are dying, please ask the nun to read the bedtime guide in advance. Put candles all the way from the dormitory to the gate. People must take the mosquito net off the bed before they die, otherwise they think they will fall into the "net corpse city" after death. Putting a small piece of silver in the mouth of the deceased, called "silver in the mouth", is said to be because of drinking Meng Po Tang and being afraid of getting lost in the underworld. It is necessary to move the deceased to the mortuary bed in the hall, with his head facing south and his feet facing north, and open the door of the house wide to facilitate the soul of the deceased to leave. Biological children burn tin foil birthday papers before and after the death of the old man, which is called "receiving money". Paper sedan chairs and sandals were burned at the door, and gold ingots were burned in court. The deceased had some clothes before his death (but he had to take off his leather coat, otherwise the deceased would become a dog and a horse in the afterlife).
2. During the period of Emperor Wu, people wiped their bodies with water after death. The rich used thirteen pieces of silk and the poor used seven pieces of cloth to dress the dead, all with buttons, but no buttons. In northern Jiangsu, such as Gaoyou, the shroud was worn by the deceased before he stopped breathing, also called old clothes. Shrouds pay attention to "five collars and three waists". The "five collars" consist of five coats, namely, lining coat, cotton-padded coat, cotton-padded robe, blouse and mandarin jacket; "Three waists" are three pairs of trousers, namely underpants, cotton-padded trousers and covered trousers. The mourning woman changed her cotton gown and coat into a big cotton-padded jacket and trousers into a skirt. There is a family vigil. The deceased presented a bowl of raw rice before his head, which was called "pouring rice". Light an oil lamp under the front foot of the head, which is called "guiding street lamp" (in Wu culture areas such as Kunshan, the light lit at the feet of the deceased is called "ever-burning lamp" or "hidden lamp"). The victim's face is covered with a piece of yellow paper, which is called face-covering paper. In the evening, please ask the monks and nuns to repent and call them "turn over".
3. mourn. The older generation or peers will die in Dai Xiao, while the next generation will not die in Dai Xiao. Son Pima Dai Xiao: He is wearing a linen hat (some hats are hung with linen silk at the back), cotton balls are hung at the left and right corners of the hat, and he is wearing a robe made of white cloth as a mourning dress. The vamp is covered with linen and a straw rope is tied around the waist. The daughter-in-law wears pins and needles, a white shirt and skirt, and linen masked cloth shoes. Sew a small piece of red cloth on the grandson's hat. Everyone in the same family of the deceased was given a mourning hat and a mourning towel, which was called "mourning". If there is a funeral at home, it should be "white". All red clothes and furniture should be removed or covered with white paper. Stick two pieces of white paper about 10 cm wide on the door for obituary.
4. "eat rice." The dutiful son treats his relatives and friends vegetarian, which is called "eating rice" (Wu called "eating tofu rice"). The deceased was old and ate meat before his death. After the funeral, the last meal is wine, which is called "Xie Hong".
5. lead the way. The funeral must be arranged by Mr. Feng Shui. The family should ask the monk to turn over the dead and call him "lead the way." Some ask Taoist priests to do Dojo to exorcise evil spirits and catch monsters.
6. size. There is not much difference between a big coat and a small coat. The small coat does not nail the tail and does not fit the coffin seam. The coffin should be collected by the patriarch and the filial son's mother-in-law, and can only be buried with their consent. Funeral should be at the time determined by Mr. Feng Shui, and it is forbidden to bury people who belong to the genus and must be avoided. On the second or third day after his death, Da Bai died prematurely. The coffin was lined with lime. When putting the body into the coffin, first check the jade quality of the body's clothes, then hold the head by the dutiful son, wipe the surface of the body with water and sprinkle wine on the mouth of the body. The body was placed in a coffin with a red line, with copper coins (some paper money) under it, along with the things that the deceased loved before his death as the buried crystal. After the funeral, the children's relatives and friends walked around the coffin to see the dead for the last time. Then, after Deng Sheng's coffin was placed, the dutiful son knocked on the "square head". In northern Jiangsu, when the coffin is covered, the coffin nail is wrapped with the hair of the daughter-in-law and nailed into the coffin, which is called "pulling out the nail". "Sealing nails", the male funeral is handled by the patriarch, and the female funeral is handled by the mother. The dutiful son will give the holder a gift of colored silk or nails.
7. Make seven. Every seven days after death, monks and Taoists are asked to recite the scriptures seven times, which is called "doing seven".
8. Return to evil spirits. Returning to evil spirits, commonly known as Qi Jie, or skimming, is carried out within ten days after death. On this day, the bedroom will be returned to the original state when the deceased died that day, and then the clothes of the deceased will be put on the bed, dressed neatly and illusory. In the house, a god with a sharp mouth and chicken feet and a terrible shape should be hung on its side, and three sacrifices should be set up for worship.
9. Funeral. There are three forms of funeral. & gt