The significance of learning from teachers in Chenghai

Worship the sun, moon and stars. The ancients believed that the sun was the center of the universe and the sun god Xi was the king of the gods. There are many stories about Japan in primitive myths. Such as birthday, bathing day, temperance day; One day on the hibiscus, blackbirds patrol the sky on their backs every day; Shot for nine days; Kuafu pursues the sun, etc. Qu Yuan once asked in Tian Wen: "On the ninth day ... are the sun and the moon safe?" Li Xing Chen An? Coming from Tanggu, second only to Meng Ying, is self-evident and gloomy. How many miles have you walked? " Hipsters call the sun "God" and "God's grace". The ninth day of the first month is "born in heaven". People put the worship of "God" in an extremely important position. Every household has a "sky lantern", which is worshipped on the first and fifteenth day of the first lunar month. There is a "Temple of Heaven" in front of each temple. Before you worship the "Master", you should first worship the "Heavenly Palace". All these reflect the psychological phenomenon that people generally worship the sun and stars. Worship of the earth. Plants and grains have grown on the earth, raising human beings. The earth embraces everything and enables human beings to live and work in peace and contentment. Therefore, the worship of land in ancient China is as important as the worship of heaven. Heaven and earth are two gods who dominate the fate of mankind. From princes and nobles to ordinary people, they all worship heaven and earth. "The Book of Filial Piety" said: "The country is the master of the land, and the land is vast, so we should not be partial to it. Therefore, the fief is a country and it is rewarded. " Land gods, like human officials, are ruled by land, and everyone has a certain sphere of influence. Zhou Li said: "Twenty-five families and one society". In ancient times, about 25 families wanted to build a land temple in partnership, so the land god was also called the social god, offering sacrifices to the social god to thank the earth for its gifts to the world. There is a land temple in Chaodi Village, and every household has a "landlord". Every household should worship the "land god" on the first and fifteenth day (or the second and sixteenth day) of each month. Worship of natural phenomena. Because the ancients could not give a scientific explanation for natural phenomena, they thought that there was Shen Feng in the wind, a teacher in the rain, thunder in the thunder, Vulcan in the fire and Dian Mu in the lightning. People who have lived on the coast of the South China Sea for generations have called the god who dominates the flood season the water father jellyfish. Every year when the tide rises on the third day of September and the fourth day of October, coastal ancestors, especially fishermen, will worship the tide god at the confluence of rivers, commonly known as "water father jellyfish". In addition, it is also said that Fengshen is a male elder named Fei Lian. His appearance is "the head is like a sparrow, with horns but a tail of a snake and a leopard." Rain Lord's name is Ping Ling. It is said that "when the rain god calls, it will rain in Yun Qi." Raytheon's name is Leigong. It is said that the image of Lei Gong is scary. He has a ghost head, a beak, wings on his shoulders, a drum in his left hand and a cone in his right hand. It thundered. Thunder rumbles and can hit people. As for the goddess of thunder and lightning, the image appearing on the stage of drama is that she is wearing a white cloak and holding a brass cymbal in each hand. The impact of copper and cymbals, lightning, is very vivid. It can be seen that the ancients had a very amazing imagination. Worship of natural objects. The ancients also believed that water has water gods, rivers have Hebo, stones have stone gods, mountains have mountain gods, trees have tree spirits, and everything in the world, such as gold, wood, water, fire, earth, birds, animals, fish and insects, can be transformed into elves. Therefore, Chaoshan folk often set up altars to worship ancient trees and other strange phenomena. Almost all temples in Chaoshan area are inextricably linked with stones and trees. All kinds of temples are either under caves or beside ancient trees. This shows that the object of ancient people's worship was first natural objects, and then gradually developed and attached to people, becoming "masters." The ancient banyan in front of Sheng 'an Building in Xinlou Village, Lianhua Town, Chenghai was enshrined as "Ma Song" by the villagers. Ma Gong, located in Linping Village, Xianqiao Town, Rongcheng District, Jieyang City, is located under the boulder on the slope of Niangling Mountain in the southeast of Hu Xin Village, Gu Xi, and has been around for more than 1000 years. There is a boulder in Dongshan, Chaoyang City, which is called "parents of Stone Department", and the ancient trees beside the boulder are called "Empress Huaiyin". The three huge stones beside the Lotus Peak in Haimen were named "Zhenhai General Stone", "Ninghai General Stone" and "Jinghai General Stone". Chaoshan is close to the sea, and it has also created many sea gods. For example, the Laiwu goddess in Chenghai Laiwu is an important sea god. Influenced by this custom, people think that a ship has a ship god and a car has a car god, and drivers offer offerings in front of the car and burn incense to worship the car god. Ancestor ghost worship. "Sacrifice Ceremony" says: "When people die, they say ghosts". Folks believe that after death, the soul will become a ghost, ghosts will be reincarnated, good people will be reincarnated into good people, and bad people will be reincarnated into cattle and horses; Ghosts have special functions that the living can't do, and they can bring wealth to the living, which is the ideological basis of ghost worship. In order not to offend ghosts and let the deceased continue to enjoy good living conditions, funerals were held in ancient times. Now, in Chaoshan, folk customs such as watching Feng Shui, repairing graves, offering sacrifices to ancestors and the dead are still popular. Every year in Tomb-Sweeping Day, every family regards sweeping ancestral graves as a major event of the year, preparing sacrifices and burning paper money for the deceased to continue to enjoy. Worship ancient sages and national heroes. All kinds of temples regarded as "masters" by Chaoshan folk worship ancient sages and national heroes instead of ordinary ancestors. People think that these sages and national heroes will become gods after their death and will continue to benefit the people, so worshiping them will bring happiness and luck to themselves. Temples in Chaoshan area account for a considerable proportion. For example, the inventors of traditional agriculture and medicine, Shennong Temple, Shuangzhong Temple, Sun Daozhe's Yuxian Temple, Lin Moniang's Tianhou Temple, Han Wengong Temple of Han Yu, Wang Sheng Temple and He De. Ying Yi Temple dedicated to Jin Guizu Jietui, Zuzi Temple dedicated to the originator of Chinese characters, Zhongxian Temple dedicated to Wen Tianxiang, Marshal Chen Tiaoyan, an anti-Yuan hero, Dafeng Ancestral Temple dedicated to Dafeng monks, and Confucius Temple, a famous thinker in the Lu period and honored as Confucius in previous dynasties. These temples are dedicated to sages and celebrities. In addition, it must be noted that Laozi, regarded as a deity by Taoism and carried out by his ancestors, was a famous thinker in the late Spring and Autumn Period in China.