A preliminary study on the birthplace of the Jiao clan
Ju Gefei
The Jashi County is expected to include Yanshan County and Liaoxi County. Where is the birthplace of the Chi family? According to the "Chinese Surname Dictionary", the "distance distribution" of the Jiao family is as follows: "The County Wang Hundreds of Family Surnames" states: The Jiao family looked out of Liaoxi County, which was first established by the Yan Kingdom during the Warring States Period, and was followed by the Qin and Han dynasties, which is equivalent to today's Hebei Province. The area east of Laoting County and west of Daling River in Liaoning Province. "A new note in "Hundred Family Surnames" says: "The jurisdiction of the Jiao family is: Liaoxi County, now Yongping County, Hebei Province." Now only Yunnan Province has Yongping County. There is no Yongping County in Hebei Province. After checking the history books: "In 1913 (the second year of the Republic of China), the government was reduced to Yongping County, and the following year it was restored to Lulong County." It shows that "Hundred Family Surnames" was newly annotated in the second year of the Republic of China. Yongping Prefecture was set up in this place in history, and the prefecture is located in Lulong County today. This theory is consistent with the information of the Xia clan: I have read from books that the Jiao family originated from Liaoxi County, in today's Lulong County. "Exploring the Secrets of Hundreds of Family Surnames" compiled by Huang Jiehou records: "The famous family with the surname of Jiao lived in western Liaoning (east of present-day Lulong County, Hebei Province)." It belonged to the State of Yan, and later became the State of Feizi. From the Qin and Han Dynasties to the Jin Dynasty, it belonged to Liaoxi County of Youzhou. Lulong County was established in the 18th year of Emperor Kaihuang's reign in the Sui Dynasty (598 AD) and belonged to Beiping County. From the Tang Dynasty to the Liao and Jin Dynasties, it belonged to Pingzhou, and in the Yuan Dynasty it belonged to Yongping Road, Zhongshu Province. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it was the capital county of Yongping Prefecture. In the second year of the Republic of China (1913), the prefecture was reduced to Yongping County, and Lulong County was restored the following year.
1. The history of Guzhu Kingdom (Shang, Zhou, Spring and Autumn Period)
According to the "Manuscripts on the Words and Deeds of Famous Xian Clan": "Guzhujun, surnamed Jiang, was granted the title of "Yin Tang" The Lingzhi in the west of Liao Dynasty reached Boyi and Shuqi, and their descendants took Zhu as their surname, Dongguan. "It is said that during the Shang and Tang Dynasties, Motai was granted the title of Boyi, the second son of the king of Guzhu Kingdom, in the Guzhu Kingdom (now south of Lulong County, Hebei Province). , Shu Qi. Because they all wanted to give way to their brothers, they wandered around. Later, they served King Wen of Zhou, but they prevented the Zhou Dynasty from attacking merchants. Later, they were ashamed to eat the food of the troubled officials and starved to death in Zhongnan Mountain. Their "Xian" name has been passed down to the world, and their descendants took the character bamboo in the country's name as their surname and were called the Zhu family. At that time, the people around King Wu wanted to kill them. Grand Duke Jiang Shang said, "These are two righteous men!" He picked them up and sent them away.
According to "Historical Records: The Family of Qi Taigong": "In the 23rd year (664 BC), Shan Rong attacked Yan, and Yan turned to Qi. Duke Huan of Qi rescued Yan, and then attacked Shan Rong. Duke Zhuang of Yan then sent Duke Huan into the territory of Qi, saying: "If you are not the emperor, the princes will not leave the country, so I cannot be rude to Yan." So he divided the ditch between Yan Jun and Yan Jun, and ordered Yan Jun to return. Xiu Zhaogong's administration was carried out and tribute was paid to the Zhou Dynasty. When the princes heard about it, they all followed Qi. "Zuo Qiu Ming's "Guoyu·Qi": (Qi Huan Gong) "Then he attacked the mountain troops in the north and ordered them to be killed. When Lone Bamboo returns to the south, no prince on the seaside dares to surrender. "Wei Zhao notes: "The two kingdoms were divided into Shanrong and Shun. "The City of Bamboo exists." After that, Lone Bamboo became a place name and was included in the territory of Yan State. The Guzhu people were integrated into the Shanrong or Yan people groups.
2. History of Feizi Kingdom (Spring and Autumn and Warring States)
The capital of Feizi Kingdom is in Gaocheng County, Hebei Province today. Lulong area belongs to Feizi country. Yan Shigu quoted Ying Shao as saying: "The fat son ran to Yan, and Yan was granted the title here." "History and Geography of Liao Dynasty IV" said: "Lulong County. Originally Fei was like a country. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Jin destroyed Fei (530 BC), and Fei Zi Ben Yan was granted the title here. Han and Jin belong to Liaoxi County. According to "Hanshu Geography", Taishan County has Feicheng County. Yan Shigu quoted Ying Shao as saying: "Fei Ziguo". The country of people is like this if it is released. After the Feizi Kingdom was destroyed, there was no mention in history that the Jin moved its people, so they were left to scatter. Therefore, what is now Feiru in the west of Lulong County, Hebei Province, and Feicheng, which is now Feicheng County, Shandong Province, are where the people of Feiru dispersed and migrated. At the beginning of the Western Han Dynasty, Feiru County was established (the old city is in Shenzhuang Village, Panzhuang Town, 30 miles northwest of Lulong County, Hebei Province) and became the county seat of Liaoxi County.
In 379 BC, Duke Kang of Qi passed away. According to legend, his son went north to join Yan because Qi was kind to Yan.
3. History of Lulong County (after Qin and Han Dynasties)
From Qin and Han Dynasties to Jin Dynasty, it belonged to Liaoxi County of Youzhou. After the Northern Wei Dynasty destroyed Hou Yan, the place was established as Pingzhou. "Book of Wei. Biography of Dou Ai" records: "Dou Yuan, courtesy name Shizhen, was born in Yangle, Liaoxi." It also records that "Dou Yuan was awarded the title of Grand Administrator of Guangzong during the Tianping period (441-451), and he had a reputation for being honest and upright when he governed the county. "Yongping Prefecture Chronicles. Biography of Dou Yuan" records: "Zi said that he was born in Pinling, Fufeng, and his great-grandson Chong was the prefect of Liaoxi. His descendant was Kan, the prefect of Yuyang of the Murong family. Feng Hong became the prefect of the Zhou Dynasty. He entered the country and was promoted to a scholar by his father. He died early. At the beginning of Putai, Yuan Qi accepted his rank and asked for a gift for his father.
"Dou Wu, whose courtesy name is You Ping, is the great-great-grandson of Dou Rong, a famous minister in the early Eastern Han Dynasty. His father, Dou Feng, once served as the prefect of Dingxiang. When Dou Wu was young, he was famous for his good practice of Confucian classics and his virtues. He once taught students in Dazezhong. Regardless of current affairs, its reputation is prominent in the Guanxi area.
Lulong County was established in the 18th year of Emperor Kaihuang's reign in the Sui Dynasty (AD 598) and belonged to Beiping County. From the Tang Dynasty to the Liao and Jin Dynasties, it belonged to Pingzhou. In the Jin Dynasty, it was renamed Pingzhou. In the Yuan Dynasty, it was the administrative seat of Yongping Road. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Yongping Prefecture was established, which governed one state and six counties, namely Luanzhou, Qian'an County, Funing County, Changli County, and Lezhou. Ting County, Linyu County, and Lulong County were reorganized into Yongping County in 1913 (the second year of the Republic of China), and Lulong County was reestablished the following year. During the Anti-Japanese War, Lu Fuchang and Lu Fuchang Union were successively established. The county was restored to Lulong County in 1945. In August 1949, it belonged to the Tang Dynasty Administration. In November 1958, Lulong was merged into Changli and Qian'an counties. In June 1961, it was restored to Lulong County.
The so-called Lulong refers to a dragon vein from the northeast of present-day Jixian County, passing through Zunhua, and heading eastwards directly to the Daling River Basin after exiting the Luanhe River Valley.
There are many historical allusions to Longxian, among which the most representative ones are Yi Qirangguo, Li Guang shooting tigers, Lao Ma Shitu, etc. Typical cultural relics are the stone buildings rebuilt during the Dading period of Jin Dynasty, which are now provincial key protected cultural relics. The famous sentence "But the flying generals are in Dragon City, and they don't teach Huma to cross the Yinshan Mountains". The "Dragon City" refers to this place (the flying generals refer to the flying general Li Guang) in "Spring Resentment" by Jin Changxu. , Don’t teach me to crow on the branches. When I crow, I will frighten my concubine in my dreams and I will not be able to reach western Liaoning. "Western Liaoning in the poem also refers to this place.
Several time points in history: before 664 BC, it belonged to the Guzhu Kingdom; after 664 BC, it belonged to the Yan Kingdom; before 530 BC , belonging to the Feizi Kingdom; after 530 BC, the Jin Dynasty destroyed Fei, and Fei Zi fled to Yan and was granted the title here; in 379 BC, Qi Kanggong died, and it is said that his son went north to join Yan because Qi was kind to Yan; at the end of Han Dynasty, , Dou Chong was the prefect of Liaoxi; in the later Wei Dynasty (386-557), Dou Ai was the governor of Pingzhou.
To sum up, the author believes that it is possible that Lulong County is the birthplace of the Jiao family. The county is located in the center of the Yanliao Plain, at the southern foot of Yanshan Mountain, under the Great Wall, facing the sea, and with a pleasant climate. It is a geomantic treasure land with a long history, prosperous culture, convenient transportation, and is convenient for people to live near Beijing and Tianjin.