Jinshan
Jinshan is located about 2 kilometers northwest of the urban area, with an altitude of 43.7 meters and an area of ??10 hectares. Jinshan was originally an island standing in the Yangtze River. Zhang Hu's poem of the Tang Dynasty, "Seeing it in the shadows of trees, and hearing the sound of bells on both sides" is a portrayal of Jinshan at that time. Due to the vicissitudes of life, the Yangtze River changed its course, and during the Guangxu period, Jinshan gradually connected with the south bank. At that time, the layman Dongpo wrote that the water scenery was "not as good as Jinshan, the breeze is half a sail", which has evolved into a land scenery. "Riding a donkey up Jinshan Mountain" became popular for a while and became a wonderful enjoyment for mountain tourists in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty visited Jinshan Mountain in the autumn of 1687. He saw that it was connected to the sky above and the torrent below, and the river and the sky were the same color, so he named it "Jiangtian Zen Temple" and it has been used to this day.
The architectural style of Jinshan Scenic Area is unique. Palaces, halls, pavilions and pavilions are all built against the mountain. In addition, Cishou Pagoda rises abruptly on the top of Jinshan Mountain, so it is called "Jinshan Temple wraps around the mountain, and you can see the temple. It is famous at home and abroad for its style of "seeing the tower but not the mountain". There are more than 30 scenic spots and historic sites in the entire Jinshan Scenic Area, and each place has a touching myth and legend. For example, the White Snake flooded the Jinshan Temple, Liang Hongyu played drums to resist the Jin soldiers, Yue Fei dreamed about the Jinshan Temple, etc., which are endlessly memorable.
Jiaoshan
Jiaoshan is located in the Yangtze River about 5 kilometers northeast of the city, with an altitude of 70.7 meters and a radius of 38 hectares. It is also known as Qiaoshan, Qiaoshan and Shiyan. The houses with white walls and green tiles are nestled among the lush mountains of green pines, green cypresses and lush bamboo forests, so it is said to be "the temple wrapped in the Jiao Mountain".
In the late Eastern Han Dynasty, the famous scholar Jiao Guang came here to live in seclusion. The imperial court ordered him to become an official three times. Unexpectedly, Mr. Jiao was indifferent and clear-minded, and ended up living in the mountains. In memory of him, the people renamed this mountain Jiaoshan, and the cave where he lived in seclusion during his lifetime was named "Jiaogong Cave" (also known as Sanzhao Cave).
Jiaoshan looks like floating jade, and is covered with greenery and many ancient and famous trees. On the mountain are large buildings such as the "Mingshan Memorial Hall" and the "Jiaoshan Buddhist Academy" of Master Mingshan, the former vice president of the Buddhist Association of China and a contemporary eminent monk. Jiaoshan's "Twenty-Four Scenes" and rich cultural relics are a feast for the eyes.
Beigu Mountain
The main peak of Beigu Mountain in the urban area is 58.5 meters above sea level and consists of three parts: the front peak, the middle peak and the back peak. The back peak (the main peak) is inserted directly into the river, shaped like a peninsula, and the cliffs are like knives and axes, making the situation extremely dangerous. There are many poems praising Beigu Mountain, among which the one that has been widely recited by later generations is "Ci Beigu Mountain" written by Wangwan of the Tang Dynasty: "The guest travels outside the green mountains, and the boat sails in front of the green water. The tide is flat and the two banks are wide, and the wind is blowing and a sail is hanging . The sea is full of life and the night is coming, and the old year is coming. Where can I go to return to Yanluoyang? "The artistic conception is meaningful and full of artistic appeal. Climbing to Beigu, you can see Jinshan Mountain to the west and Jiaoshan Mountain to the east. The three mountains are in the shape of horns.
The fame of Beigu Mountain at home and abroad is probably related to the "Ganlu Temple for Liu Bei's marriage". The vivid descriptions in "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" have greatly enriched the cultural connotation of Beigu Mountain. In fact, many existing cultural monuments on Beigu Mountain really vividly reproduce that ancient history.
Beigu Mountain has many cultural landscapes, including the tombs of the Eastern Wu generals Taishi Ci and Lu Su, the tomb of Liu Yong, the famous poet of the Northern Song Dynasty, and the site of the Southern Song Dynasty national hero Wen Tianxiang's escape from a tiger's mouth. Seeing the scene and thinking about the emotion, the past events like smoke are vivid in my mind.
Li Bai condensed the scenic beauty and dangerous situation of Beigu Mountain into four sentences in "The Song of King Yong's Tour to the East":
Danyang Beigu is the Wuguan, and the tower clouds are drawn. Water room.
Qianyan Peak is ablaze with the sea, and flags on both sides of the strait surround the green mountains.
Xijindu Ancient Street
Located at the foothills of Yuntai Mountain in the west of Zhenjiang City, it is a historical relic built on the broken mountain plank road. Xijindu Ancient Street is the area with the most preserved, most concentrated and complete cultural relics and historic sites in Zhenjiang, and is the "cultural context" of Zhenjiang's famous historical and cultural city. There are 12 cultural relics protection units here, including 1 national-level cultural relics protection unit and 2 provincial-level cultural relics protection units. In ancient times, there was Xiangshan Mountain as a barrier to the east, blocking the raging tide, and it corresponded to the ancient Hangou in the north. It was a natural harbor with a stable coastline and cliffs near the river. During the Six Dynasties, the route across the river here was already fixed. During the unprecedented "Yongjia South Crossing" period, more than half of the northern refugees landed here. In the fifth year of Long'an in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (401), Sun En, the leader of the peasant uprising army, led "one hundred thousand soldiers and one thousand ships" and entered the river from the sea to Zhenjiang. The strategic goal was to "make noise and climb Garlic Mountain", control the Xijin ferry, and cut off the connection between the north and the south. They besieged Jianye (now Nanjing), the capital of Jin, and were later defeated by the Beifu soldiers led by Liu Yu.
In 684 AD, after the death of Emperor Gaozong Li Zhi of the Tang Dynasty, Empress Wu Zetian proclaimed herself emperor. Xu Jingye, King Luo Bin and others launched an armed riot in Yangzhou. King Luo Bin wrote the famous proclamation "Pleading for War for Xu Jingye" that has been passed down through the ages, which shocked the world. After the defeat, Xu Jingye, King Luo Bin and others crossed the river and "ran to Runzhou and hid under the Suanshan Mountain". In the Song Dynasty, this was the front line against the Jin Dynasty. Han Shizhong once stationed troops in Garan Mountain to resist the Jin army's southern invasion. Over the past thousands of years, hundreds of important battles have taken place here. The ancient ferry of Xijin is close to the mountains and rivers, with beautiful scenery. Li Bai, Meng Haoran, Zhang Hu, Wang Anshi, Su Shi, Mi Fu, Lu You, Marco Polo, etc. all waited here or landed here, leaving many legacy for future generations. Psalms that people recite.
The total length of Xijindu Ancient Street is about 1,000 meters. It was founded in the Six Dynasties period and went through the construction of the Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, leaving its current scale. Therefore, the whole street can be seen everywhere from the Six Dynasties to the Qing Dynasty. traces of history. Xijin Ferry was called "Garlic Mountain Ferry" during the Three Kingdoms period, "Jinling Ferry" in the Tang Dynasty, and "Xijin Ferry" after the Song Dynasty. This place used to be close to the Yangtze River, and the rolling water of the river flowed beneath our feet. After the Qing Dynasty, due to the siltation of the river beach, the river bank gradually moved northward, and the ferry was moved down to the Chao'an Temple at the foot of Yushan Mountain. The ancient Xijin ferry back then is now more than 300 meters away from the bank of the Yangtze River.
During the Three Kingdoms period, Sun Quan's Soochow Navy was stationed here. After the Tang Dynasty, soldiers were specially assigned to patrol here. In the spring of the first year of Xining in the Song Dynasty (1608), Wang Anshi was called to Beijing and sailed from Xijin to the north. When the boat stopped at Guazhou, he expressed his emotions at the scene and wrote the famous poem "Boat at Guazhou":
Between Jingkou and Guazhou, there are only a few mountains between Zhongshan.
The spring breeze is green again on the south bank of the river. When will the bright moon shine on me again?
During the Yuan Dynasty, the famous Italian traveler Marco Polo came to Zhenjiang from Yangzhou and also landed at Xijin Ferry. It can be seen that Xijin Ferry has been a famous Yangtze River ferry since at least the Three Kingdoms period. Zhenjiang has been an important water transport town and a transportation chokepoint since the Tang Dynasty. Xijin Ferry was the only ferry crossing from Zhenjiang to Jiangbei at that time. It had an extremely important strategic position and had been a battleground for military strategists since the Three Kingdoms. When Lu You passed the Xijin Ferry, he sighed at the thousands of troops transported by the ferry every day. The poem written by Yu Shuzi, a poet of the Qing Dynasty, also describes the busy scene of people and boats coming and going at Xijin Ferry:
Grain ships leave Xijin one after another, and a flag sail shines on the waterfront.
During the steady crossing, it flows into Guakou, and Feizhang Chiyi plays Fengchen.
The advancement of science and technology, social development, and environmental changes have gradually diluted and weakened the function of Xijin Ferry as a ferry, but its living fossil-like style has been basically preserved intact. The cultural connotation of Xijindu Ancient Street lies in its Jindu culture, religious culture and residential culture.
Walking all the way west along the ancient street, the rows of two-story buildings on both sides of the street take us back to the era of singing and dancing. Most of the buildings on the ancient street are relics from the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The brick and wood structure and the window rails with carved cornices are all painted in vermilion, giving people the feeling of "flying pavilions and flowing elixirs". Now, we can still clearly see the inscriptions along the street such as "Chang'anli in the Spring of the First Year of the Republic of China", "Jirili West Street · 1914", and "De'anli". According to the memories of the old people, there are more than 150 shops of various types on this short street of several hundred meters long from Guanyin Cave to the current Changjiang Road. Judging from the types of industries, there are roughly those related to food, life, and culture. Of course, there are also many shops serving boatmen, such as carpentry shops, cable shops, etc. Before liberation, a police station was set up here. These various shops, together with the life-saving club and the fire-fighting club, formed a complete small society. The deep ruts on the bluestone pavement are enough to prove the prosperity of this thousand-year-old ferry and thousand-year-old street. The well-proportioned two-story buildings, the overhanging eaves, the carvings on the windows, the mottled counters, and the fir ten-panel doors all tell us the vicissitudes of "a thousand-year-old ferry, a thousand-year-old street". Walking on this bluestone road with deep tracks carved by wheels, we hear echoes of thousands of years of history. All of this makes us unable to help but inspire infinite reverie and nostalgia for the past. Even Han Suyin, a well-informed British-Chinese female writer, couldn't help but praise from the bottom of her heart when she was on Xijindu Ancient Street: "Walking on this simple and elegant ancient street is like walking in a natural history museum. Take a walk. This is the real gold mine for Zhenjiang tourism." Mr. Luo Zhewen, president of the Chinese Cultural Relics Society, even called it the "China Ancient Ferry Museum."
Not only that, Xijin Ferry is a harmonious blend of religion and secularity, humanities and nature. It is an endlessly interesting historical scroll in itself. Regarding this point, the inscriptions on the stone foreheads of the four gates running from east to west on the ancient street give us clear hints. The inscriptions are: "Tongdengjue Road", "*** crossing Cihang", "Feige Liudan", "layers of towering green mountains". Undoubtedly, what is presented to us is the original historical customs and features. The repair and protection of the Xijin Du Ancient Street Life Saving Association, Zhaoguan Stone Tower, and Guanyin Cave won the UNESCO 2001 Asia-Pacific Region Cultural Heritage Protection Outstanding Project Award.
Xijindu Street is old and historical, but at the same time it is young and modern. The residents of the ancient street are bathed in the warm sunshine, immersed in the memories of the past, and live leisurely and contentedly. Perhaps in front of them are the figures of tourists riding donkeys up Jinshan Mountain, and in their ears are intertwined with the sounds of cries and the melodies of shengxiao, flute and flute. They chew history like they chew the taste of braised dried tofu and maltose.
Yesterday has become history, and Xijindu Ancient Street has now been injected with the connotation of the times and given the vitality of the times. The long history, numerous monuments, primitive ecology, honest folk customs, and traditional commerce all radiate with an indescribable vitality. Xijin Du Ancient Street is attracting the attention of domestic and foreign tourists and archaeologists with its unique charm. This is the unforgettable Xijin Ferry. This is the famous Xijin Ferry at home and abroad.
Yanling Jizi Temple
Nanshan National Forest Park
Nanshan is the collective name for Zhaoyin Mountain, Huanghe Mountain, Jiashan Mountain, Jiuhua Mountain and other mountains. It covers an area of ??about 18 square kilometers (about 1,800 hectares), with a forest coverage rate of 73%, more than 60 species of trees, and more than 70 species of birds. Nanshan Scenic Area is 2.5 kilometers away from the city center and consists of Zhaoyin Scenic Area, Bamboo Forest Scenic Area, Helin Scenic Area and Wenyuan. It has undulating mountains, lush green trees, and cultural and natural landscapes that complement each other. It is not only a national forest park, but also a famous provincial scenic spot. Mi Fu calls it "urban forest". Since the Southern Dynasties, it has been favored by literati of all dynasties: Xiao Tong, the prince of Zhaoming in the Liang Dynasty who compiled "Selected Works of Zhaoming", Liu Xie, the author of "The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons", the famous artist Dai Yong, the great poet Su Dongpo, Mi Shi, who founded the "Mishi Yunshan" painting school Fu, Mi Youren and his son both wrote and stayed here successively. Liu Yu, the founding emperor of the Southern Song Dynasty, often cut firewood, fished and sold straw sandals here when he was young. This is undoubtedly a Feng Shui treasure land. Hundreds of literati, emperors, generals and prime ministers, including King Luo Bin, Wang Changling, Kangxi and Qianlong, have successively left splendid chapters praising Nanshan. This is indeed a pleasant and pleasant place.