The total land area of the province is 176 15247 hectares. Among them, agricultural land 1525 1925 hectares, accounting for 86.58% of the total land area; The construction land is 55 1847 hectares, accounting for 3.13% of the total land area; Unused land 18 1 1448 hectares, accounting for 10.28% of the total land area. According to the investigation of land use change, compared with 2006, the area of all kinds of land decreased by 16896 hectares in 2007, with a decrease of 0.1%; The construction land area increased by 5 126 hectares, an increase of 0.9%; The area of unused land increased by 0.7% 1 1770 hectares. The land utilization rate of the province is 89.7%. The province's cultivated land area is 4,487,455 hectares, and the per capita cultivated land area is 1.7 mu.
Biological resources: there are more than 0/000 species of wild animal resources in the province, among which Guizhou golden monkey, langur, black-necked crane, etc. 15 species are listed as national first-class protected animals; There are 69 species of national second-class protected animals, mainly pangolin, black bear, otter, civet, forest musk deer, golden pheasant with red belly, golden pheasant with white crown, golden pheasant with red belly and so on. There are six kinds of plant resources: forest, grassland, crop varieties, medicinal plants, wild economic plants and rare plants. There are 15 species of Cathaya argyrophylla, Davidia involucrata and Cycas guizhouensis, which are listed as national first-class protected plants. There are more than 3,900 kinds of medicinal plant resources in the province, accounting for 80% of the varieties of Chinese herbal medicines. "There is no idle grass in the wild, and there are many medicines in Guizhou", which is one of the four major Chinese herbal medicine producing areas in China. There are six rare plants with good quality, which have certain influence at home and abroad, such as Phyllanthus urinaria, Cephalotaxus fortunei, Pteris Pteris, Cordyceps sinensis, Pteris Pteris, Blumea balsamifera (natural borneol) and so on. In addition, Gastrodia elata, Dendrobium, Eucommia ulmoides, Magnolia Officinalis, Evodia rutaecarpa, Cortex Phellodendri, Radix Codonopsis, Polygonum Multiflori Radix, Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae, Radix Asparagi, Flos Lonicerae, Radix Platycodi, Galla Chinensis, Rhizoma Pinelliae, Wan Lei, Radix Adenophorae, Popsicle, Polygonatum, Ganoderma lucidum and Folium Artemisiae Argyi all have the reputation of authentic medicinal materials. Among the wild economic plant resources, there are about 600 kinds of industrial plants, mainly fiber, tanning material, aromatic oil and grease plant resources; There are about 500 kinds of edible plants, mainly vitamins, protein, starch and oil plants. About 200 kinds of garden plants can be used for greening and beautifying the environment, which has ornamental value; There are more than 40 kinds of environmental protection plants with anti-pollution ability. Guizhou is rich in crop resources, with nearly 600 varieties of grain crops, oil crops, fiber crops and other cash crops planted. Rice, corn, wheat and potato are the main food crops, while flue-cured tobacco and rape are the main cash crops. Economic trees mainly include tung tree, camellia oleifera, tallow, sumac, walnut and so on. Dafang Raw Lacquer and Liu Ma Tung Oil are famous specialties in Guizhou. There are more than 30 major livestock breeds and more than 2,500 excellent forage resources in the province, which have good conditions for the development of animal husbandry. Energy:
Water, electricity, coal and other energy sources are available, and the advantages of water and coal coexist. Theoretical hydraulic reserves 18 140.3 MW, ranking sixth in China, and technically recoverable capacity 19489.63 MW. Guizhou is known as the "Southwest Coal Sea", with a coal resource reserve of 52.798 billion tons, ranking fifth in the country. Coal is not only abundant, but also complete in variety and excellent in quality, which has laid a solid foundation for the development of thermal power and the implementation of "power transmission from west to east" and provided resource conditions for the implementation of coal chemical industry and "coal-to-oil" project.
Mineral resources:
Up to now, 125 kinds of minerals (including secondary minerals) have been discovered in Guizhou, and more than 3,000 deposits and occurrences have been discovered. Among them, 76 species (including minerals) have different levels of resource reserves, and there are 2553 statistics (mining areas, mining sections or mining fields). Coal, phosphorus, bauxite, antimony, gold, manganese, barite, cement raw materials, brick-making raw materials and limestone, sandstone and dolomite with various uses are the dominant minerals in Guizhou. It is not only rich in resources, but also has obvious practical economic advantages. It is the main body of Guizhou mining industry, which has created high economic value. By the end of 2007, there were 4 1 species of mineral resources in Guizhou, ranking the top ten in China. Among them, coal reserves are 52.786 billion tons (the fifth in the country), bauxite reserves are 474 million tons (the fourth in the country), phosphate reserves are 2.868 billion tons (the second in the country), and manganese reserves are 86.5438+0054 million tons (the fourth in the country), accounting for 654.38+0.24% of the country. Barite reserves1.1.800 million tons (the first in China), accounting for 3 1.06% of the whole country, and limestone reserves for cement1.71.600 million tons. The reserves of clay for cement batching are 654.38+007795600 tons, sandstone for cement batching is 95.065800 tons, and shale for cement batching is 26.873500 tons, which are 1 1 and1respectively, ranking eighth in China.
Tourism resources:
Guizhou is a province rich in tourism resources in China. At present, a new harmonious tourist destination integrating sightseeing, vacation and in-depth cultural experience is quietly taking shape. As praised by the World Tourism Organization, Guizhou is a "state of ecology, culture, song and dance and wine".
First, the characteristics of tourism resources
Guizhou is a province rich in tourism resources. Its resources are widely distributed, diverse, high-grade and well protected. To sum up, there are five characteristics:
(a) The strangeness of natural landscape composed of special geological features. Guizhou province is located in the southwest of Chinese mainland, with a total area of176,200 square kilometers, with a distance of 595 kilometers from east to west and 500 kilometers from north to south. The terrain is high in the east and low in the west, and the landform belongs to a part of the western plateau and mountains of China. Mountains and hills account for 92.5% of the total area, of which the karst area is about109,000 square kilometers, accounting for 6 1.9%. It is one of the most typical karst landforms in the world. Due to the continuous expansion of the three-dimensional space of karst development, Guizhou karst area is very complicated. Stone bud, funnel sinkhole, shaft, depression, peak forest, peak cluster, natural bridge, karst lake, waterfall, falling water, karst cave, underground river, dark lake, undercurrent, etc. Vertical and horizontal overlapping development on the surface, forming a natural "karst museum" with regional characteristics. The long and wonderful geological structure process has bred all kinds of strange mountains, beautiful waters, waterfalls and strange caves in the province, forming countless natural wonders connecting the ground with the underground and combining static and dynamic. The famous Huangguoshu Waterfall, Dragon Palace, Zhijin Cave, Maling River and seven small arches are typical representatives of this karst kingdom. In 2007, Libo was listed as "Karst in South China" World Natural Heritage.
(2) Cultural originality of multi-ethnic construction. Guizhou province has a total resident population of 39.7548 million, of which ethnic minorities account for 38.9%. There are 18 ethnic minorities living in the world. The cultural factors of different nationalities and regions have been repeatedly collided and internalized, and gradually accumulated at all levels of Guizhou culture. The architecture, clothing, diet, marriage customs, sacrifices, festivals, art and so on of all ethnic groups are rich in colorful humanistic details. As the saying goes, "three miles are different from the wind, ten miles are different from the customs" and "big festivals and small sections are available every day". Walking into ethnic villages, people will find that ancient cultural patterns such as Han and Jin heritage, hair styles in Tang Dynasty, costumes in Song Dynasty, and buildings in Ming and Qing Dynasties are still preserved here and become precious cultural heritage of the Chinese nation.
(3) The profundity of history and culture. Humans may have originated from the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau in China, where humans have completed the evolution from apes to humans. In the Paleozoic era 400-230 million years ago, this area was submerged by seawater several times. A large number of Paleozoic ichthyosaur fossils found in Guizhou indicate that the ancestors of terrestrial vertebrates probably first appeared here. In addition, there are "Tongzi people" in the middle period of the old pottery age, "Shuicheng people" in the middle and late period and "Xingyi people" in the late period in Guizhou. Guizhou is not only one of the cradles of paleontology, but also one of the cradles of ancient humans. During the Spring and Autumn Period, the Song Dynasty was one of the great powers in Guizhou. In the late Spring and Autumn Period, Yelang replaced Song Si and became more and more powerful. Today, it is not difficult to find traces of Yelang culture in Guizhou. Zhu Yuanzhang, the first emperor of Ming Dynasty, mobilized 300,000 troops from Nanjing and other places to station troops in Guizhou, "opening a line to connect Yunnan", which made Jiangnan culture and plateau mountain culture blend with each other and formed a Tunpu culture with rich connotations. Wang Yangming, known as "the last peak of Confucianism in China" and "the forerunner of modern enlightenment thought", established a generation of study style in Guizhou, the holy land of Wang Xue, and promoted the reform of China's ideological circle; "Zunyi Conference" and "Sidu Chishui" in Guizhou are the most colorful strokes in China's modern and military history, and they are the classics of "Long March Culture".
(D) The liquor culture represented by Moutai is prominent. "Wine" and "swimming" have been inextricably linked since ancient times; Guizhou wine culture has a profound influence on Guizhou tourism. Among all kinds of cultural brands in Guizhou, wine culture is the loudest. Moutai is known as cultural wine, diplomatic wine and health wine. Drinking in ethnic minority villages, we experience a different wine culture. There are many ways to toast and persuade wine, and the wine is accompanied by singing and dancing. No wine, no table, no treat. From the rich aroma of wine, we can taste the customs of all ethnic groups and realize the true meaning of wine culture.
(5) The uniqueness of natural climate in summer. Summer climate resources in Guizhou have become increasingly scarce and precious ecological environment resources. The topography of Guizhou is high in the west and low in the east, and gradually decreases to the north, east and south, with an average elevation of 1 100 meters. Guizhou has a subtropical plateau monsoon climate, which is warm and humid, with no severe cold in winter and no heat in summer. The average annual temperature in most areas is about 65438 05℃. There is abundant precipitation, and the annual precipitation is about 1300mm. There is plenty of sunshine, and the annual sunshine hours are about 1300 hours. The forest coverage rate in the province has reached 40%, and it is increasing by more than one percentage point every year. The average temperature in summer is 23. 1 degree, which has the reputation of natural air-conditioning province, forming an ideal living environment and summer resort.
Second, tourism products.
After more than 20 years of sustainable development, Guizhou has "South China Karst" World Natural Heritage 1, 2 national 5A tourist areas, 3 national 4A tourist areas, Huangguoshu and other national scenic spots 13, 8 national nature reserves such as Fan Jing, 2 national forest parks such as Baili Rhododendron and Zhijindong. There are 4 international national ecological museums such as Liuzhi Suojia, 39 national key cultural relics protection units such as Qinglong Cave, 3 1 national intangible cultural heritage, 56 provincial scenic spots and 0/0.8 million ethnic cultural tourist villages.
At present, Guizhou has formed Guiyang, Anshun, Libo, Kaili-Zhenyuan, Liping-Congjiang-Rongjiang, Xingyi-Anlong, Fanjingshan, Zunyi, Chishui-Xishui-Renhuai, Zhijin-Qianxi, Weining-Liupanshui, Wujiang Canyon and other comprehensive tourist areas and special tourist areas. We are gradually promoting the distinctive cultural brands such as plateau karst ecology, Danxia prickly ecology, Miao and Dong cultural ecology and national culture, Tunpu culture, Long March culture, national wine culture, Yangming culture, cave culture and Yelang culture. Rural tourism characterized by folk experience has become a new highlight of Guizhou tourism. From the spatial distribution of products, an inter-provincial boutique tourism line extending from Guiyang to the southeast and northwest has been formed: the western golden tourism line, which is connected with Yunnan along the Guiyang-Huangguoshu expressway and is characterized by enjoying karst landscape and experiencing multi-ethnic culture; Extending eastward to the Miao and Dong nationalities in southeast Guizhou of Guangxi and Hunan, we can experience the original ecological national culture and natural ecology. The green karst in Libo and the cultural tourist routes of Buyi, Shui and Yao nationalities extending southward to Guangxi; The long March culture, wine culture and Danxia scenic tourist line extending northward to Chongqing and the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River. Specifically, it is six key boutique tourist routes:
1, leisure and holiday tour in Guiyang, Lincheng
Guiyang (Qianling Mountain, Yangming Temple, Jiaxiulou, Wenchang Pavilion, Stone Culture and Art Palace)-Huaxi (Tianhetan, Qingyan Ancient Town, Gaopo Miao Village, Buyi Village in Zhenshan Village, Huaxi Park)-Xiangzhigou-Baihua Lake-Kaiyang (Nanjiang Canyon Park, Minghuangyu Hot Spring)-Xiuwen (Yangming Cave, Liuguanghe, Huaxi Park)
2. Magnificent waterfalls and magical karst essence tours.
Guiyang (Hongfeng Lake)-Pingba (Tunpu Culture, Tiantai Mountain)-Anshun (Dragon Palace)-Zhenning (Huangguoshu Waterfall, Tianxing Bridge)-Guanling (Huajiang Grand Canyon)-Zhenfeng (Sanchahe, Buyi Style)-Anlong (Zhao Di, the tomb of Mr. 18th Ming)-
3. A tour of the essence of famous wine culture tourism in northern Guizhou
Guiyang-Renhuai (National Wine Culture City)-Xishui (Broad-leaved Forest Nature Reserve)-Chishui (Alsophila spinulosa Nature Reserve, Shizhangdong, Sidonggou Waterfall, Zhuhai and Bing 'an Ancient Town)
4. Miao and Dong cultural experience tour in southeastern Guizhou.
Guiyang-Leishan (Shanglangde Miao Village, Xijiang Qianhu Miao Village and Datang Short Skirt Miao Village)-Rongjiang (Chejiang Gurong Group and Sanbao Dong Village)-Congjiang (Gaozeng Dong Village and Basha Miao Village)-Liping (Liping Conference Site, Qiaojie, Tianshengqiao, Bazhou River and Zhaoxing Dong Drum Tower Group)
5. Mingshui Mountain Tour in the famous town of eastern Guizhou.
Guiyang-Chong 'anjiang (Ge Jia style)-Ping Huang (Feiyun Cliff, Dongye River)-Shibing (Yuntaishan, Shangwuyang, Cunninghamia lanceolata River rafting)-Zhenyuan (Qinglong Cave, Xiawuyang, Tiexi)-Cengong (Long'ao River scenery,
6. The original ecological exploration tour of the earth's "Emerald"
Guiyang-Fuquan (Sprinkle Golden Valley)-Duyun (Shiban Street, Jianjiang, Cape Mountain)-Sandu (Shui Nationality Style)-Libo (Zhangjiang, Qixiaopailou, Shuichunhe, Yao Nationality Style) In addition, in addition to the above boutique routes, a number of seasonal tourism products have been gradually developed. For example, in spring, an outing with rape and azaleas as the main content; Drifting in summer and summer vacation; A trip to see waterfalls and eat new things in autumn; Winter folk experience, hot spring recuperation trip, etc. By 20 10, Guizhou will become an important destination of multi-ethnic culture and eco-tourism in karst plateau and a tourist hotspot in western China.