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Tengwangge in Nanchang
Wang Tengting Pavilion in Nanchang, located on the east bank of Ganjiang River along Jiang Yan Road in the northwest of Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, is also called "Three Famous Buildings in the South of the Yangtze River" with Yellow Crane Tower in Hubei and Yueyang Tower in Hunan. Because of the preface to Wang Teng Pavilion written by Wang Bo, a talented scholar in the early Tang Dynasty, it is called the first of the "three famous buildings in the south of the Yangtze River". Another Wang Tengting Pavilion in Langzhong was built when Yuan Ying, the righteous cave of Wang Tengting Pavilion in Langzhong, was guarding Langzhong. At the same time, Yutai Temple was built, which has been collectively called Wang Tengge since the Qing Dynasty. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, only a part of the abutment and a few dilapidated houses were left, but the inscriptions on the rocks, the secretariat caves and the cliffs were well preserved. There are inscriptions of Southern Song Dynasty people in the cave, and Yuan Shao's Four Pavilions of Du Fu in Wang Teng and Yang Zhan's Shen Yi Ancient Cave are outside the cave.
Chinese name: Tengwangge
Category: Exhibition Hall
Venue: East Bank of Ganjiang River, Jiang Yan Road, northwest of Nanchang, Jiangxi.
Completion time: Tang Yonghui was completed in the fourth year (653), and the 29th reconstruction of Wang Teng Pavilion was completed on the Double Ninth Festival (1989 10.8).
Opening hours: 1989 10.08.
Boutique collection: Lingyan stele, the second cave in cishi, cliff.
Honor: One of the "Three Famous Buildings in Jiangnan"
Related works: Preface to Wang Tengting, Wang Tengting Fu.
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brief introduction
Tengwangge in Nanchang
Founded in the 4th year of Tang Yonghui (653), Li Yuanying, son of Tang Gaozu Li Yuan, is the secretariat of Hongzhou. Li Yuanying was born in the emperor's family and was influenced by court life. "Calligraphy and painting, wonderful songs, love butterflies, choose to visit Zhu Fang, take a bluebird, and sing and dance in the pavilion." According to historical records, in the third year of Yonghui (652), when Li Yuanying moved to Suzhou to be the secretariat of Hongzhou, he brought a group of cabaret musicians from Suzhou and feasted there all day. Later, Linjiang built this pavilion as a place to live, which is really a place of singing and dancing. Li Yuanying was named as a native of Tengzhou, Shandong Province during the Zhenguan period, and built an attic in Tengzhou called "Wang Tengge", hence the name Wang Teng. Later, Wang Teng and Li Yuanying were placed under Hongzhou in the south of the Yangtze River, and Haug was still named "Wang Tengting", which was known to later generations.
"At that time, the wind will send Wang Tengting", and "Wang Tengting" is the parallel prose of Wang Bo, the first of the "four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty"
Pavilion of Prince Teng
In autumn, I went to Hongfu's Wang Teng Pavilion ("Preface to Wang Teng Pavilion" for short), which became famous all over the world. Wang Bo's Preface to Wang Tengting is well-known and passed down to later generations. The text is named after the pavilion, and the pavilion is passed on by the text. It has a long history and enjoys a high reputation. Since Wang Bo's Preface to the Eternal History, Wang Xu has written Tengwangge Fu for Tengwangge, and Wang Zhong has written Tengwangge Ji, which is the much-told story of "Three Kings Remember Kuteng". Han Yu, a later great writer, wrote the newly-built Wang Teng Pavilion. As a result, Wang Bo, Han Yu and others created a precedent of "Poetry and Fu Spreading Pavilion", which made later scholars accustomed to poetry and Fu.
Tengwang Pavilion was regarded as an auspicious geomantic architecture in ancient times. There is an old saying: "The vine breaks the gourd scissors, and the tower breaks the jade chapter." "Teng" and "Teng" are homophonic, meaning Teng Wang Ge; "Gourd" is a treasure; "Tower" means the Golden Sage Tower; "Hey" means to collapse; "Zhang Yu" is Nanchang. This ancient ballad means that if the Wang Teng Pavilion and the Golden Sage Tower collapse, the talents and wealth of Zhangyucheng will be lost, and the city will be destroyed and no longer prosperous. In the ancient customs of our country, a place with a large population needs geomantic architecture, which is generally the highest landmark building in the area, gathering the aura of heaven and earth and absorbing the essence of the sun and the moon, commonly known as "writing peak". Wang Tengting, located on the Ganshui River, was praised as a "pen" by the ancients. Some ancients also said, "Seek wealth and longevity hall, and seek happiness Wang Tengting". It can be seen that the Wang Teng Pavilion occupies a sacred position in the eyes of the world, and all previous dynasties have attached great importance to and protected it.
At the same time, Tengwangge is also a place to store ancient classics and historical books, and in a sense, it is an ancient library. Feudal literati also liked to greet and entertain guests here. Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, that is, your son of heaven, once defeated Chen Youliang in the Poyang Lake War, held a banquet in the pavilion and ordered the ministers and scholars to compose poems and watch the lights.
Pavilion of Prince Teng
After its completion, Wang Teng Pavilion experienced four dynasties: Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing. Wang Teng Pavilion has been renovated 28 times, and the building regulations have also changed. In the second year of Daguan in Song Dynasty (1 108), Wang Tengting collapsed due to disrepair, and Fan Tan, assistant minister, rebuilt it, expanding the scope of the Tang Pavilion, adding two pavilions, Jiangyang and Cui Yi, to the north and south of the main pavilion, and gradually forming a building complex with pavilions as the main body, with gorgeous appearance and magnificent momentum. The last time it was built in Tongzhi period of Qing Dynasty, it was destroyed by a military disaster in 1926 and was set on fire by Beiyang warlord Deng Ruzhuo. There is only one piece left of "Wang Tengting". It has not been rebuilt for more than 50 years. Today's Wang Teng Pavilion is a Song-style building. Tang and Song Dynasties come down in one continuous line, and architecture in Song Dynasty is the inheritance and development of architecture in Tang Dynasty. The pavilions and pavilions in the Song Dynasty are very elegant and elegant, and the artistic modeling of architecture has also achieved great success. 1942, Mr. Liang Sicheng, a master of ancient architecture, and his disciple Mo drew eight sketches of rebuilding the pavilion based on the old court painting "Wang Tengting" in the Song Dynasty. During the 29th reconstruction, based on this, the architect designed this magnificent pavilion with reference to the "architectural style" of Li Mingzhong in the Song Dynasty. 1 983 65438+1October1held the groundbreaking ceremony,1985 65438+1officially started the Double Ninth Festival on October 22nd. On the occasion of celebrating the 40th anniversary of the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the 29th rebuilt Wang Teng Pavilion was successfully completed on the Double Ninth Festival (1989 10.08). This not only adds luster to the ancient city of Nanchang, but also attracts Chinese and foreign tourists with its unique charm.
Langzhong Tengwangge
Yuan Ying built it while guarding Langzhong, and at the same time built the Yutai Temple, which has been collectively called Wang Tengting since the Qing Dynasty. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, only a part of the abutment and a few dilapidated houses were left, but the inscriptions on the rocks, the secretariat caves and the cliffs were well preserved. There are inscriptions of Southern Song Dynasty in the cave, four poems of Wang Teng Pavilion by Du Fu by Yuan Shao in Ming Dynasty and four poems of Yishen Ancient Cave by Yang Zhan outside the cave. In particular, there is a Tang Dynasty pagoda under the platform, which is a square tower foundation with four petals carved into plum blossom shape. The tower is covered with alms, and a boat-shaped niche is opened in the middle. A Buddha knot is carved in the niche to sit on the lotus platform. The tower brake has two layers, and the brake base has two layers. There is a stone carving eight-force lifting gate body on the lower floor. The upper floor is a hexagonal column, with a Kun door on each side, in which a Buddha statue is carved. The brake is flame-shaped. The stone pagoda is 8.25 meters high and basically intact. Today, Du Fu lives in Langzhong and travels to Wang Tengting, writing two poems, Wang Tengting and Yutai View, praising the beauty of Wang Tengting. Among them, the phrase "Qingjiang brocade stone is sad and beautiful, and the buds are full of flowers" has been passed down through the ages. This tower is a seven-level pagoda, originally three-level, and now there is only one level left.
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Pavilion of Prince Teng
Tengwang Pavilion stands in the west of Nanchang, beside the Ganjiang River. Walking into the exhibition hall is like being in an art hall with the theme of Wang Teng Pavilion. In the main hall on the first floor, there is a large-scale white marble relief "Fortune changes, the wind sends Wang Teng Pavilion", which skillfully integrates the touching legend and historical facts of Wang Teng Pavilion. The main hall on the second floor is a 23.90×2.55-meter large-scale meticulous mural Portrait of People, which depicts 80 Jiangxi celebrities from Qin to Ming. This is a double gem with the fourth floor of the "Earth Spirit Map" showing the essence of Jiangxi mountains and rivers, which is amazing. The fifth floor is the best place to rely on railings to achieve their goals. Entering the hall, Su Dongpo's masterpiece "Preface to Wang Tengting" is just around the corner. Each floor has a theme, which is also related to the exhibition hall.
Overall appearance
The main building of Tengwangge has a clear height of 57.5m and a building area of 13000m2. Its lower part is the base of 12m, which symbolizes the ancient city wall and is divided into two layers. The main hall above the pedestal adopts the format of "Sanming and Seven Dark Rooms", that is, it is a three-story building with a corridor from the outside, but there are seven floors inside, that is, Sanming and Three Dark Rooms, plus the equipment floor of the roof. The tiles in the new building are all blue glazed tiles produced in Yixing, because this color was often used in Tang and Song Dynasties. Ji Zheng's kiss is specially made in imitation of the Song Dynasty. It is 3.5 meters high. Hooks and drops of water are specially made of tiles. The hook head is "kudzu autumn wind" and the water drop is "solitary". There are two gourd-shaped artificial lakes connected north and south under the pedestal, and there are nine wind and rain bridges above the North Lake. Pavilions and pavilions, clouds reflected in the pool, full of interest.
Follow the north and south stone steps to the first-class platform. The first-class platform is a reinforced concrete building with granite steps and Venus bluestone produced in Xing Zi County, Jiangxi Province pasted on the wall. On the north and south wings of the first-class platform, there is a Biwahu promenade. There is a Cui Yi pavilion with four corners and double eaves at the northern end of the promenade and a Jiangyang pavilion with four corners and double eaves at the southern end of the promenade. From the front, the two pavilions and the main pavilion form a "mountain" leaning against the sky; Looking down from the plane, Wang Teng Pavilion looks like a giant Kunpeng, with its wings spread out, intending to fly west in Ling Bo. This wonderful facade and plane layout reflects the designer's ingenuity.
The east-facing wall of the first-class high platform is inlaid with five stone monuments. In the middle is a long scroll stone tablet, which is made up of eight pieces of white marble, about 10 m long and about 1 m high. The periphery is surrounded by agate red marble, just like a beautifully mounted giant scroll. This inscription is Wang Tengting newly built by Han Yu, which is a modern official script. Han Yu wrote in Ji: "When I was young, I must smell the beauty of Jiangnan, and the pavilion is the first, which is called magnificent." On the left side of the Long Monument are the granite completion monument and the bluestone rebuilding Wang Teng Pavilion Monument, and on the right side are the granite foundation monument and bluestone building Wang Teng Pavilion Monument.
From the first-class high platform to the second-class high platform (symbolizing the base of the city wall). These two stage platforms have 89 steps, and the new museum was completed and opened on 1989. The walls and floors of the second-class platform are all granite produced in Xiajiang County, Jiangxi Province. There are granite railings chiseled according to the Song Dynasty style around the high platform, which are simple and heavy, in sharp contrast with the magnificent main pavilion.
The secondary platform is supported by stone pads and integrated with the main hall. There are three entrances from Gordon, Gao Tai. The East Deng Shi steps enter the exhibition hall through Baosha, and the north and south sides enter the exhibition hall through high and low corridors. In front of Baoxia in the east, there is a bronze-cast "Eight Eccentrics" tripod, the tripod base is white marble, the tripod is about 2.5 meters high, the lower part is a three-legged ancient tripod, and the upper part is a round pavilion-shaped tripod cover with a pointed tripod. This tripod is modeled after the "Eight Eccentric" tripod in Beijing Dazhong Temple. The tripod means that the stone will last forever.