This time, novel coronavirus swept across the country, and Hubei became the hardest hit. In order to do a good job of prevention, other provinces will also pay special attention to those who come back from Hubei. However, the abbreviation of Hubei this time has made many netizens curious. Why is Hubei called Hubei? What does this Hubei mean? What is its origin? I feel that there are many abbreviations suitable for Hubei, such as Beijing, Han and Chu. Maybe everyone is familiar with these words and knows the history behind them. What are the meanings of Hubei that we don't know? Let's take a look.
Among the abbreviations of China provinces, Hubei's abbreviation "E" is rather strange. First of all, this word is strange. We can hardly see it except as a place name. So what exactly does the word "e" mean?
In people's impression, Hubei belonged to Jingzhou in ancient times and was once the core area of Chu State, so it was called "the land of Jingchu" and its cultural customs were also called "the charm of Feng Jingchu's rhyme".
Then the question comes: Why is the abbreviation of Hubei Province not Jing or Chu?
First, why not call it Jing for short?
Record: "Jing and Hengyang are only Jingzhou".
This is the origin of the name Jingzhou, which has become one of the ancient Kyushu.
Named after Jingzhou, there are many deciduous shrubs with flexible branches, which can be woven into baskets for medicine.
There is a winding and towering mountain range in northwest Hubei, which is covered with this shrub, hence the name Jingshan.
There is also Jingjiang in Hubei, which is another name for Zhijiang to Dongting Lake in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.
The ancients used "Jingxiang" to refer to ancient Jingzhou and Xiangyang County. Jingyang in ancient Kyushu also refers to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.
More than 3,000 years ago, Xiong Yi, the king of Chu, led Jingshan people through thorns and thorns, making Chu a weak country and a world hegemon.
When King Wen of Chu moved to Ying, the capital city lasted for more than 400 years.
Therefore, there is a saying of "Jingshan Chu Yuan". Jingzhou is the birthplace of Chu culture.
During the Han Dynasty, Jingzhou was one of the thirteen secretariat.
During the Three Kingdoms period, Jingzhou was a competitive place.
During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, emperors Qi, Liang and Xiaoxi all used Jingzhou as their capital.
Jinghu North Road was established in present-day Hubei in Song Dynasty, and the name of "Hubei" began here.
The domain name of the largest administrative region in history is Beijing. Today, most of Hubei Province has long been under the jurisdiction of Jingzhou.
Jingzhou has a long history and splendid culture; What's more, ancient Kyushu has always been the abbreviation of provinces, such as "Yu" in Henan and "Ji" in Hebei.
It can be seen that it is quite appropriate to use "Beijing" as the abbreviation of Hubei Province. But this is not the case.
It is said that the main objections are:
First of all, the word "respect" originally stands for derogatory meaning:
Jing often cuts through thorns, such as thorns, which symbolizes how difficult it is;
The word "respect" should be punished. It refers to a kind of' specialty of flogging prisoners' and also a kind of instruments of torture, such as Jing Ge and offering a humble apology;
It implies poverty and hardship, such as the skirts of Chai Jing, Jingmen, Ishii and Chi Jing.
Second, administrative regions overlap.
Today, there is a prefecture-level city in Hubei Province-Jingzhou City. It is inappropriate to call Hubei Province "Beijing" for short.
Second, why not call it Chu for short?
In the pre-Qin period, Chu became one of the "Five Commanders in the Spring and Autumn Period" and "Seven Heroes in the Warring States Period" successively, unifying the southern countries and competing for the Central Plains, with a vast territory and being a world power.
During the Spring and Autumn Period, the century-long struggle for hegemony between Chu Jin was a major historical event, which resulted in the idiom "Shaanxi used its talents". During the Warring States period, Chu was a strong enemy in the process of Qin's reunification.
Even at the end of Qin Dynasty, the Chu family headed by Xiang Yu became the backbone of overthrowing Qiang Qin's rule, and "Qin Bichu's death" and "besieged on all sides" became legal schemes.
"Chutian" generally refers to the southern sky.
In the history of more than 800 years, Chu has created a splendid Chu culture. Together with Central Plains culture, Bashu culture, Wuyue culture and Qilu culture, it constitutes the main body of Chinese culture.
Hubei is the core area of Chu culture, the center of Chu, the ancestral grave and the location of most cultural relics.
For thousands of years, Chu and Chu culture have been praised by people.
For example, Qu Yuan's Songs of the South and "Wu Gou is as bright as the moon and Chu Jian is as sharp as frost" and "Feng Yi dances in the air, and Chuck can't bear it." "Chushui meets geese, and Ping Ling remembers his hometown." Wait a minute.
It can be seen that the word "Chu" is full of cultural charm and is more dominant than the word "Jing".
So in reality, in Hubei, in addition to the "E" on the license plate, "Jingchu" is often used to refer to Hubei in many aspects.
For example, Jingshan Chushui, Jingchu Jianer and Fengming Chutianyou's famous "Yu Gong in Shangshu", people also like to use "Chu" as their name, and so on.
At the same time, many people think that changing the abbreviation of Hubei Province to "Chu" is more in line with history, culture and present situation, and will have more influence and promotion on the development of Hubei Province.
20 1 1, Hubei Provincial Federation of Industry and Commerce launched a name-seeking activity for Hubei businessmen, and "Chu Merchants" was elected with a high vote. Hubei Province also holds the Chu Merchants Conference every two years.
But there are also voices of opposition, mainly:
First, the original meaning of "Chu" is derogatory.
Explain the word "Chu": "Cong Muye. A shock. " Jingchu refers to a shrub with tough branches.
Therefore, the original meaning of the word "Chu" also refers to ancient punishments, such as beating, robbing and tarting Chu.
It also means "pain", such as bitterness, pain and sadness.
Secondly, Chu has a vast territory and profound culture, which is difficult to represent.
"There are Guizhou and Wujun in the west of Chu, Zhou Xia and Haiyang in the east, Dongting and Cangwu in the south, and Hu Fen and Fuyang in the north, with a land of five thousand miles."
In its heyday, the territory of Chu State included Hubei Province and Hunan Province, as well as parts of Shaanxi, Chongqing, Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Guizhou and Guangdong.
Chu culture radiates widely and has far-reaching influence.
For example, the capital of Chu is not only in Hubei, but also in Chen and Shouchun.
There are traces of Chu culture in many places. For example, Suqian, Jiangsu, the hometown of Xiang Yu, is promoting the "Western Chu culture", and the plaque of Yuelu Academy "Only Chu is talented and prospers in Sri Lanka" is the business card of Huxiang culture.
Therefore, some people worry that if Hubei Province is called Chu for short, it will be unique and will also cause opposition and disgust from other provinces.
Third, the "Chu" place name culture has long been lost in Hubei.
With the Qin Dynasty destroying Chu, the place names with the word "Chu" gradually disappeared in Hubei, and were rarely seen in the official language.
Since the death of Chu for thousands of years, the word "Chu" has rarely been seen in the names of administrative divisions in Hubei, regardless of the road, road, state, province, government Council, province, army, county, government, Zhili hall, administrative supervision area, administrative office, county and district.
This shows that Chu culture has not been well passed down.
This is a very strange phenomenon.
Third, why not call it Han for short?
This land in Hubei has a deep relationship with the word "Han".
It is the largest tributary of the Yangtze River and joins the Yangtze River in Hubei Province.
Bai Juyi's "The Legend of Mi Yue" has "the Hanshui River shines on the sky blue, and the mountains are blue and there are clouds";
Hubei Province has a vast Jianghan Plain, which is a famous grain-producing area in China.
There were Hanjiang County and Hanyang County in Hubei in Sui Dynasty, Hanyang Army in Song Dynasty and Hanyang County in Yuan Dynasty to Qing Dynasty.
During the Republic of China, Hankou City was established and directly under the jurisdiction of the National Government. Jianghan Administrative Office was established at the end of 1947.
There are also some provinces called rivers for short, such as Jiangxi and Hunan.
It can be seen that it seems appropriate to take "Han" as the abbreviation of Hubei Province.
But I think:
First, the abbreviation of "Han" applies to Wuhan, but not to Hubei.
The Han River flows into the Yangtze River at flo.
In addition, Hanzhong, a prefecture-level city in Shaanxi Province, is the birthplace of the Han River. There used to be Hanzhong County, which was also an important birthplace of Chinese culture. So they also call themselves "Korea", and the media often report that "* * * comes to Korea * * *".
Of course, Hanzhong is only a prefecture-level city and cannot compete with Wuhan, a national central city.
Second, the word "Han" has a wide range of meanings.
The "Han" culture has a far-reaching influence, which has derived the profound meaning that Han people, Han nationality, Hanfu and Chinese characters represent the Chinese nation and China.
Obviously, the word "Han" covers a wider range than the word "Chu", which Hubei Province cannot afford.
Fourth, why not call it English for short?
Chu has been the capital of Ying for more than 400 years.
So ying is also called Chu. For example, "Ying people" refers to Chu people, and there is an idiom "Yan Ying said Shu".
"Ode to Shang Dynasty" records: "In the twenty-second year of King Chukauli, 94.
Shouchun is now Shouxian County, Anhui Province.
After the capital of Chu moved to Shouchun, he did not forget his hometown. It still calls the capital "Camp" and renamed its village "Camp".
For example, some places in Anhui Province also have place names named after Britain.
It can be seen that it should be luckier than Chu in place names and inherit the lingering fragrance of Chu culture.
Ying characters, on the other hand, are relatively uncommon, similar to Chu characters, and cover a wide range.
5. why is it called e for short?
Let's see what "e" really means.
At the first sight of the word "e", many people will think of the word "crocodile" of crocodile. These two words are very similar. In fact, these two words were often used in ancient times, meaning crocodile.
In ancient times, about 4000 years ago, a large number of crocodiles were distributed in the Yangtze River and Yellow River basins. The name of this crocodile in ancient books is tuo2, which is today's Chinese alligator. It is an endangered protected animal, but there were many such animals four thousand years ago. At that time, a tribe in the Yellow River valley made a living by catching salamanders. Their totem is salamander, and their tribe is called Og.
These words are very similar, because in ancient times, salamander, og, crocodile and Hubei were all commonly used words, meaning crocodile. So later this tribe established its own small country called Hubei. This is the first time that Hubei has appeared.
Hubei is located on the Yellow River in Shanxi Province today. It appeared very early, in the Xia and Shang Dynasties. During the Zhou Dynasty, Zhou Chengwang sealed his younger brother Yu Shu in Shaanxi and established a new country, namely the powerful Jin State. It can be seen that the history of Hubei is much longer than that of Jin.
However, after the development of the State of Jin, it annexed the State of Hubei, and the adherents of the State of Hubei began to flee south to Nanyang, Henan Province, where Mount Hubei was the evidence. Later, Ezhou angered the Zhou royal family, and Zhou sent people to crusade against Ezhou. Hubei people continued to flee south and fled to Liangzi Lake in Ezhou, Hubei Province today.
Hubei people fled all the way from Shanxi to Hubei, thinking that they were far enough to live a good life. So they set up a city in Ezhou, the capital of Hubei Province, ready to live a good life. Now there is the site of Daye Wang Echeng in Ezhou, Hubei Province.
To the surprise of Hubei people, there is also a country as powerful as gold in Hubei, called Chu State. Xiong, the sixth monarch of Chu, was ill, and when he saw that Hubei was the overlord, he set out to fight Hubei. Hubei was suddenly destroyed, and this country with a long history and all the way to escape withdrew from the historical stage.
However, although Hubei is gone, history has not forgotten Hubei. After the State of Chu annexed Hubei, he saw that Hubei was well built and the geomantic omen was excellent, so he designated the capital of Chu as Hubei. Since then, Hubei City has been the capital of Chu State, and it was not until two hundred years later that King Wen of Chu moved to Ying, which is now Jingzhou, Hubei Province.
History has not forgotten Hubei. After Qin Shihuang unified China, he began to implement the county system, and set up Hubei County here, located in Wangcheng, Hubei Province, which is now Ezhou, Hubei Province. The place name "e" began to continue step by step.
The most glorious period in Hubei was the Three Kingdoms period. Sun Quan designated the capital of Wu as Hubei County and renamed it Wuchang, which means Wu Yun is prosperous. Note that Sun Quan's "Wuchang" refers to Ezhou, not Wu Chu.
In other words, although the country of Hubei is gone, the word "Hubei" has been deeply rooted in people's hearts. The Sui Dynasty upgraded Hubei County and established Ezhou, which governed Jiangxia County, Wuchang County, Yongxing County and Puyin County. Jiangxia County is Wuchang, one of the three towns in Wuhan. Wuchang county is now Ezhou, and Puxian county is now Chibi.
In the history of Hubei, this is the first time that the word "E" appeared as the name of a high-level administrative region. Later, the Tang and Song Dynasties followed the organizational system of Ezhou. As we all know, Yue Fei was named King of Hubei by the Southern Song Dynasty after his death.
The Yuan Dynasty began to implement the provincial system. Hubei was first called Jinghu Province, then Huguang Province, with Ezhou as its capital, which is now Wuchang, Wuhan. Hubei Province is often called "Hubei Province" because the provincial capital has always been called Hubei and has gradually become the abbreviation of Hubei Province.