(1) Topographic location: It is best to choose a place with high and dry terrain, good drainage and sunny leeward. The high terrain is conducive to removing rainwater and sewage from the field, keeping the fence dry and the environment clean; Leeward can avoid or reduce the attack of northwest wind on pigs in winter; Xiangyang means that the pig farm should have a slope facing south or southeast, which is not only conducive to drainage, but also can make full use of solar heating, reduce energy consumption and reduce feeding costs. Sandy soil is generally suitable for flat land, not for building fields in low-lying and humid places.
The location of pig farms should be far away from residential areas, work areas, production areas, schools and public places (generally 500 meters away) and in the downwind; Stay away from hospitals, livestock products processing plants, garbage and sewage treatment plants 1000 meters or more; It is forbidden to build fields in tourist areas, nature reserves, water source protection areas, livestock and poultry epidemic areas and areas with serious environmental pollution. This is not only conducive to their own safety, but also can reduce the harm of pig farm sewage, dirt and harmful gases to residents' health.
(2) Water resources and water quality: Pig farms need plenty of water. The water quality should meet the sanitary standard of drinking water, and it is convenient to take water. It is best to use groundwater or tap water to ensure that it will not be polluted in the next few years.
(3) Transportation: The material transportation of pig farms is relatively large, and the external contact is close, so they should be built in areas with convenient transportation. However, due to the strict epidemic prevention requirements of pig farms, it is necessary to prevent pollution to the surrounding environment. Therefore, the pig farm should be located in a quiet and convenient place, but the main road must be avoided.
(4) Energy supply: Large-scale pig farms with high modernization procedures have relatively complete mechanical and electrical equipment and need enough electricity to ensure the normal operation of pig production. Therefore, pig farms need to be built near the power supply to ensure power supply. In order to prevent power failure, it is best to equip a generator.
(5) Pollution discharge and environmental protection: farmland, orchard, vegetable garden, etc. It should be around the pig farm to facilitate the self-flow of sewage, and it is ideal to consume most or all of the manure on the spot.
Specialized pig farms are basically the same as factory pig farms, mainly considering conditions such as high and dry terrain, good epidemic prevention conditions, convenient transportation, sufficient water sources and convenient power supply. The larger the scale, the more stringent these conditions are.