The ancient geomantic treasures in China have different expressions in different periods, but it is the basic feature of every geomantic treasure. Feng Shui Feng Shui, the key is to have water, and the flow direction of water should be tortuous. Looking back, you can't go straight, otherwise it will be extremely cheap; For the surrounding terrain and mountain shape, it is required to have left Qinglong, right White Tiger, former Suzaku and post-Xuanwu, which is the so-called Four Spirits Theory.
The methods of field observation are: Xuanwu bowed its head, Suzaku danced, Qinglong wind and white tiger tamed. According to this standard, Xu Muyuan, the burial place chosen by Li Shimin for Li Yuanbu, is not a land of auspicious beauty for thousands of years, and its feng shui disadvantages are obvious.
Guanzhong is rich in treasures, but most of them are occupied by predecessors. Because the Mausoleum of the Western Han Dynasty has occupied the Weibei Plateau, which is close to the Weihe River and has the most water, the Emperor of the Tang Dynasty can only choose the area north of the Mausoleum, otherwise, according to the principle that the burial should be in the north of the capital, there will be no place. At that time, under the guidance and excavation of Feng Shui masters such as Yuan Tiangang, Li and others, the Eighteen Mausoleums were all located on the second plateau north of the Mausoleum of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.
From Ganxian to Pucheng, it stretches for nearly 300 miles from east to west. According to the research of local archaeologists in Shaanxi, its distribution was found out. From west to east, it is: Ganling, where Emperor Gaozong and Wu Zetian were buried together; Jingling buried by Li Xian, Jingling buried by Emperor Taizong; Jianling built by Hengli buried in Taizong, Li Shimin; Ling Zhen buried by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty in Li Chen; Chongling was buried by Emperor Shili of Jing Zong; Duanling buried by Li Yan, who was buried by Wu Zong; And the mausoleum presented by Emperor Li Yuan. From west to east, to the north of Xianling Line are Li Bamboo Slips, Li Yu and Li Yuanling.
Ang's Zhang Ling, Li Xian's Zhongzong Dingling, Li Yong's Shunzong Abundance, Li Dan's Qiaoling, Xian Zongchun's Jingling, Guangling and Xuanzong's Tailing in Li Longji.
Li Xian Dingling, Zhongzu.
Li Xian Dingling, Zhongzu.
Li Xian Dingling, Zhongzu.
Judging from the distribution of the Eighteen Mausoleums, it seems chaotic and disorderly. For example, Ganling, the mausoleum where Emperor Li Zhi and Wu Zetian were buried together, was once accused of disturbing the Feng Shui order and urinating on the heads of ancestors, which was not as exquisite and rigorous as that of the Ming and Qing emperors. The tombs of the Tang Dynasty rely more on the emperor's personal love and destiny and pay attention to individuality, which obviously does not conform to the increasingly mature and exquisite Feng Shui ethics.
Tang Suzong Hengli Jianling
Tang Suzong Hengli Jianling
Quetai Site in Jianling, Hengli City, Tang Suzong
According to China's ancient geomantic theory, among the Eighteen Mausoleums, Zhaoling in Li Shimin and Jianling in the Warrior Mountain have the best geomantic omen, surrounded by Jinghe River and Mianhe River. The dry tombs of Li Zhi and Wu Zetian are full of yin qi, and the yin qi is too heavy, which is an alternative in the land of Feng Shui.
The First Mausoleum of the Tang Dynasty and the Emperor Tai Shang of the Han Dynasty became neighbors.
Every dynasty attaches great importance to the mausoleum of the founding emperor, because the geomantic omen of the first mausoleum is the most important, which can protect future generations and ensure the continuous prosperity of Long Mai. However, the first mausoleum in the Tang Dynasty was an exception. The simplicity of Li Yuan's tomb and the rough geomantic omen have become one of the reasons for later generations to accuse Li Shimin. However, there is a mystery in the First Mausoleum of the Tang Dynasty. From site selection to supervision, Li Shimin should have spent a lot of time. This move is not unreasonable. Why did Li Shimin choose Xu Mu Yuan as his father's permanent territory? It is said that Li Shimin wanted Li Yuan and Liu Bang's father to be neighbors.
Li Shimin compared himself with Liu Bang, the founding emperor of the Han Dynasty. Liu Bang's father, Liu Zhui, was also called the father of the emperor. Liu Zhu's mausoleum, recorded in the book as Wannian Mausoleum, is located 7.5 kilometers east of Xianling Mausoleum. As they are both the emperors' fathers, their historical status is quite equal, so Li Shimin buried his father in Xumuyuan on the west side of Wannian Mausoleum.
However, when Li Shimin was in Budi, he still paid attention to it and raised Tang Gaozu's status a little. Xu Mu Yuan is 500 meters above sea level, while Liu is 450 meters above sea level, which is much shorter from the situation.
Some historians believe that Xu Mu Yuan and Liu Zhui were buried next to each other, which may have the meaning of Tang gaozu himself. Li Yuan was 70 years old when he died, and he was the emperor's father for nine years. In the past, he was 70 years old, and when Xuanwumen mutinied, Li Yuan was 6 years old, which was also a long life. He must have thought about his own affairs before he died. Visible, Xu Muyuan mausoleum site, at least should know.
The inscriptions on the stone carvings in front of the mausoleum reveal the secrets of the royal family.
In the 1950s, archaeologists in New China discovered the inscription "September 11th, Ten Years of Martial Arts" written by stonemason Tang Xiao Gill on the east side of Shi Hu, a famous stone carving in front of Xianling. Here's another mystery. Some scholars believe that it was carved by craftsmen by mistake at that time. But this reason is untenable. If it is really a mistake, can the craftsman still live? If you hadn't been beheaded, you would have been punished. Another scholar believes that this is evidence that the apparition started construction at least when Li Yuan was in office before his death. Moreover, it can even be inferred from the inscription that Tang Gaozu didn't expect that he would be ousted from the throne by his son, and the craftsman carved the title in advance, so there was the emergence of martial arts for ten years. In fact, this year's history book is the first year of Zhenguan, and the emperor is Li Shimin. But why this line of inscriptions can survive and how deep the mystery is has not been solved so far.
A major feature of the Tang Mausoleum is that it is surrounded by mountains, which created a new rule for the tombs of ancient emperors in China. Four of the eight mausoleums are of this type. But as the first mausoleum, apparition is the old rule of imperial tombs in Qin and Han Dynasties. What is very special is that the mausoleum was built on the flat ground and the land was sealed as a mausoleum. In addition, the Zhuang Mausoleum, Duan Mausoleum and Jing Mausoleum of Li Yan were all built in accordance with Li Yuan's regulations on offering tombs.
Compared with the enclosure method with mountains as the mausoleum and land as the mausoleum, it is not only weak and majestic, but also has low cost and poor anti-theft effect. Why did Li Shimin handle it like this? His best reason is that according to Li Yuan's testamentary edict, clothes are light and heavy, and he learns Chinese system, so the sky has changed. Gardens and mausoleum systems should be frugal.
However, the construction of the Imperial Mausoleum in the Western Han Dynasty cost a lot of money, and the land was very high, showing a tall and majestic momentum, which was called the Mountain Mausoleum. Liu Bang, the emperor gaozu of the Han Dynasty, sealed a tomb in Changling, which was 9 feet high, and Liu Che Mausoleum of Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty was even as high as 4 feet, while the history of Li Yuan's tomb presentation was only 6 feet high. Since Tang Gaozu himself said that he had studied the system of the Han Dynasty, why did Li Shimin shrink back?
The historical mystery left by Li Shimin's burial of his father
Shi Zai, after Tang Gaozu's death, Li Shimin responded quickly and immediately said that he would rebury his father and build a luxurious mausoleum for Tang Gaozu, following his father's testamentary edict and taking Liu Bang's Changling as a model. According to the general emperors' thinking and the ancients' concept of respecting death, Li Shimin's doing so was in line with feudal etiquette. However, at that time, some ministers raised objections, on the grounds that Emperor Gaozu considered building the first meritorious service and a decent mausoleum one year after he ascended the throne, and the shortest time was 0 years, like Maoling, which lasted 50 years.
Therefore, it is very difficult to build China's version of the Tang Tomb in a short time, and it does not conform to the principle of saving money for Li Yuan's funeral.
The representative figure who opposed Li Shimin's decision was Yu Shinan, a great calligrapher who served as secretary supervisor at that time. He wrote twice, saying that it was appropriate to set up a tomb according to the ancient Zhou system and give a fief of three zhangs. In a dilemma, so he took the matter to the court and asked the prime minister and other important officials to reconsider. In the case of unanimous opinion, Li Shimin changed the original intention of reburial, but the three zhangs were too short, and decided to build the tomb according to the Han system.
However, this Han is not another Han, but the Eastern Han. Compared with the Western Han Dynasty, the imperial tombs in the Eastern Han Dynasty are much simpler. The original tomb of Liu Xiu, the first monarch of the Eastern Han Dynasty and Guangwu Emperor, was only 6 feet high. The Xianling Mausoleum was finally built according to the regulations of the original Mausoleum, which is a compromise plan. Automatic soil, four months later, the tomb was built and buried. Speed and time are rare.
The dispute about the provision of offering tombs recorded in historical books is also mysterious. In my opinion, this is just an excuse to bury it thinly, and there is reason to suspect that Yu Shinan and Fang are intended to take the lead against themselves. Since ancient times, the emperor has said a fine word, and his words have already been said. How can he change them easily, let alone on such a big and important project?
Later, he built Zhaoling Mausoleum for himself, and chose to dig Jiusan, which proved that Li Shimin buried his father not simply because he was a simpleton, but because he paid more attention to it, and left the best piece of geomantic treasure-house Jiusan to himself and the queen. Moreover, Li Shimin should know this very well in his heart, because he put the rule that the mountain is the mausoleum on the building of his own Zhaoling mausoleum, which created a new rule of the imperial mausoleum and can add a historical feat to his political achievements.
After the completion of Xianling Underground Palace, Li Shimin built an inner and outer city for Xianling on the ground with Shinto as the main axis, with large-scale cemeteries, bedrooms, temples and other ground buildings. The inner city of Fiona Fang is about a mile long and has four gates, named after Qinglong, Suzaku, Baihu and Xuanwu respectively. Unfortunately, in November of the tenth year of Emperor Taizong's reign, the First Mausoleum of the Tang Dynasty was burned down, because the peasant army vented its dissatisfaction with the destruction of Li Long wheat by the Tang Dynasty in the peasant uprising in the late Tang Dynasty.