"A bay tower shadow springs, cold food smoke gives birth to new trees. It seems that the rain is green in the eyes, and the thirteen mountains want to keep people. " Historical Sites of the Three Northeast Provinces also records: "There are hills in the west of Shenyang, Zhaoling in the east and swamps in the south, which are called Tawan Mountain. There are ancient pagodas on the mountain, which are several feet high, antique and charming. " The Eight Scenes and Ten Scenes of Shengjing in modern times mentioned "sunset photos of Tawan" many times. It can be seen that the pagoda with a long history is antique, magnificent and beautiful.
.. Tawan Liaota
The stupa is located in the northwest of Shenyang, because there is a meandering stream under the pagoda, also known as "Tawan stupa". "Relic" is Sanskrit, and the free translation of "body bone" refers to the bones obtained by cremation and burning after the death of monks with high virtue, and they are buried under the tower according to Buddhist etiquette, hence the name "relic tower". Tawan Pagoda was built in the 13th year of Xixi in central Liaoning (1044).
Qing Chongde for six years (164 1), rebuilt. Because there are 1548 "relics" hidden in the stupa, it is also called "clean stupa".
.. tower seat
The spotless, clean and tidy stupa is a 13-story octagonal brick pagoda with dense eaves and a height of 33 meters. The whole is divided into five parts: underground palace, tower foundation, tower body, tower eaves and tower brake. The underground palace is located under the pedestal and houses relics such as relics. The tower base is octagonal sumeru, with a height of17m and a width of 5.5m on each side. The tower is divided into two parts, the lower part is in the shape of a "lotus cover" sumeru belt, with a pot door in the middle and stone carvings in it to hide animals; The upper part is an octagonal circular leaning column, with an arched niche on both sides. There is a sitting Buddha in the niche, and there is power on both sides. The eight-faced Buddha has different names, namely Nanbao Buddha, Southwest Guanyin Buddha, Xiping Buddha, Northwest Hua Hui Buddha, North Guanyin Buddha, Northeast Puji Buddha, East Guanyin Buddha and Southeast Ashan Buddha. There are thirteen dense eaves on the tower, brick arches under the eaves, and wind priests are hung. The top is a tower gate, and the bottom of the tower gate is an octagonal exposed disk. A disk is supported on the exposed disk with an iron brake lever at the top. Three round and semi-circular orbs pass through the brake handle, and the top is a gourd-shaped copper orb.
There are various legends about the construction of this tower. According to legend, disasters often occurred in ancient Shenyang. There was a storm, and the wind blew for seven days and nights, so that the river was cut off, the well water dried up, the crops were cut off, and the people were restless. At this time, a monk came here and told people that this was a disaster caused by the fall of Huanglong from the sky. Hearing this, the people begged the monks to surrender Huanglong and save the Lebanese people in from the mire. After seeing the terrain of Shenyang, the monks confirmed that Tawan was the dragon's dragon head. This is the highest point in Shenyang, with plenty of sunshine and good feng shui. Then he and two disciples set up a high platform in Tawan, and finally locked Huanglong, and the people lived a peaceful life from then on. In order to thank the monks, people built a temple called "Huilongguan" at the faucet of Tawan for the monks to live in. After the monk died, his disciples built this stupa to commemorate him.
.. the statue of Luban.
As for repairing the tower, it is even more amazing. It is said that when the tower was built, craftsmen laid the foundation and repaired the underground palace and pedestal, and the tower soon got up. When the tower was built in the middle, because the tower was too high and steep, the materials could not be transported, so the project had to stop, and the craftsmen were in a hurry. Just then, an old man came from nowhere. He has a kind face, bright eyes and ordinary clothes. The old man walked around the construction site several times, muttering something to say. A careful craftsman felt that the old man was not like an ordinary person, so he went forward and asked the old man if there was a good way to repair the tower. The old man loves to take reason: "don't ask me, I'm half buried." I mumbled several times in a row, then turned and left. When an elderly craftsman heard this, his eyes suddenly lit up. By the way, the old man is telling us to dig! So, the craftsmen put a layer of soil and repaired another layer, and the tower was quickly repaired. The craftsmen all said that they should thank the old man well. They looked everywhere, but they couldn't find him. Finally, the old craftsman said a word. Master Lu Ban must have come to enlighten us when he saw that we were in trouble.
.. the golden Buddha in the tower.
Legends are not historical facts. 1985, when the pagoda was rebuilt, a stone letter was unearthed, and the words on it revealed the true origin of the pagoda. It turns out that Buddhism prevailed in the Liao Dynasty, from the emperor down to the people, and everyone worshipped Buddhism, so the wind of building temples and towers was very strong. In order to pray for "good weather, peace and prosperity, and happiness for all people", 1500 people volunteered to contribute to the construction of the stupa. Everyone's contribution is recorded in a stone to show the size of merit. It is said that the practice of raising funds and recording the list of fund-raisers and the amount donated was handed down from here.
In addition, exquisite imitation Tang murals were found in the tower, and a bronze statue of Sakyamuni, 400 precious relics and 1200 Buddhist scriptures and ritual vessels were unearthed. The bronze statue of Sakyamuni, with fine casting and superb gold plating technology, is a treasure.
Since liberation, the government has attached great importance to the stupa, which was declared as a municipal key cultural relic protection unit in 1962+ 10, and has allocated funds for renovation for many times. 1988 is listed as a cultural relic protection unit in Liaoning province. It is reported that Shenyang is purifying the surrounding environment of the stupa, opening up green space, striving to develop it into a natural theme park, recreating the beautiful scenery of the sunset in Tawan in the past, and revitalizing the tourism and cultural resources in northern Shenyang.
Because the stupa was built at the bend of the river, a street in the west of Huanggu District was formed at 19 10, with a length of 3,835 meters. It starts from the junction of Baogong overpass and Baogong street in the south and ends at 60 1 research institute in the north, so it was named "Tawan Street". Walking along this street, people can appreciate the elegance of the stupa, and this street is also a permanent mark left by the stupa to Shenyang.