1, prepare basin soil
The height of ginseng fruit is generally between 50- 100cm, and the lateral buds have strong germination ability and fast growth, which requires a good root community to absorb water and nutrients for growth, so a more relaxed soil environment is needed to ensure root growth. The diameter and depth of the flowerpot for cultivating ginseng fruit should be above 35cm, and the middle opening at the bottom of the flowerpot must be permeable to water, otherwise the roots will be soaked easily due to stagnant water and poor ventilation.
Ginseng fruit likes slightly acidic, loose and breathable soil rich in organic matter during its growth. Garden soil rich in organic matter should be onion and garlic soil or leguminous soil. Ginseng fruit belongs to solanaceae crops, so try not to borrow soil from pepper, eggplant, tomato and other plots. Then take soybean meal or fully decomposed manure (no odor after fully decomposed) according to one fifth of the volume of the garden soil, and finally fully mix them for later use.
Step 2 sow seeds
The seedlings of ginseng fruit should be selected with dark green leaves, complete leaves, no diseased spots, short internodes and even branches. Before planting seedlings, a newspaper should be spread on the bottom of the flowerpot, and then an appropriate amount of nutrient soil should be filled in (to ensure that the root of the planted ginseng fruit is about 3cm below the edge of the flowerpot). When planting ginseng fruit seedlings, the seedlings should be righted in the middle of the flowerpot, and then the nutrient soil should be backfilled around.
When the nutrient soil is backfilled to about half the depth of the flowerpot, gently lift the ginseng fruit seedlings to disperse the roots of the ginseng fruit and avoid the nest roots from affecting the slow seedlings. Then backfill the nutrient soil to a distance of 1-2cm from the edge of the flowerpot, and then gently press the nutrient soil by hand. The purpose of this is to make the root system of ginseng fruit contact the soil more closely, which is beneficial to the rapid integration of the root system of ginseng fruit with the surrounding soil, and then irrigate the planting water. Newly planted ginseng fruit seedlings should avoid direct sunlight.
3. Water and fertilizer management
Ginseng fruit grows vigorously and has a great demand for water. Because of the limited water retention capacity of flowerpots, it is necessary to strengthen water management in the cultivation process. When the surface soil of the flowerpot begins to turn white, it is advisable to water it with nutritious fish washing water and rice washing water, and the water should avoid the high temperature at noon, so as not to damage the roots and cause absorption obstacles.
There is a great demand for nitrogen fertilizer in the early stage of fruit growth. Before flowering, 1-2% urea solution can be poured, and topdressing is not required if the base fertilizer is sufficient. After entering the flowering and fruiting period, the demand of ginseng fruit for potassium fertilizer increased obviously. At this time, 0.3-0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate water-soluble fertilizer can be applied to the roots or sprayed on the leaves.
4. Factory management
The lateral buds of ginseng fruit have strong meristematic ability. If it is not managed in time, the plant shape will grow out of order, which will not only reduce the ornamental value, but also affect the growth speed and quality of fruit. Therefore, in addition to leaving four evenly spreading fruiting branches, we should also destroy the new buds on the plants in time.
After flowering, 4-6 well-developed buds can be left on each fruiting branch. When it is equal to the size of a glass ball, comb the fruit, remove 2-3 small or deformed fruits, and then keep 4 leaves at the front end and pinch the tips, which can inhibit the vegetative growth of the plant and promote the centralized supply of nutrients to the fruit development.
Ginseng fruit branches are weak. In the process of fruit expansion, the increasing weight is likely to crush the fruiting branches. After the fruit is set (that is, when it grows to the size of a glass ball), four bamboo poles or wooden sticks should be inserted next to the fruiting branches and close to the inner wall of the flowerpot, and the fruiting branches should be tied to them with ropes.