1 performance analysis of grouting equipment in highway engineering
1. 1 performance analysis of drilling rig equipment
First, the shape and weight of the drilling rig should not be too large; And is convenient to move, align with the hole position and adjust the drilling angle. Secondly, according to the uneven geological hardness of tunnel construction, it is required that the power reserve of drilling rig should be large, the scope of application should be wide, and the drilling speed should be as high as possible, so as to shorten the time occupied by drilling process and reserve it for grouting process to meet the construction period requirements [1]. Thirdly, the drilling rig is a machine for grouting, drilling and sweeping holes, but it should also be able to complete long-distance advanced geological drilling prediction, coring and other tasks, reduce the time for replacing machines and tools, improve construction efficiency and have multi-functional compatibility [2]. Fourthly, due to the special requirements of the working environment in the tunnel and poor ventilation conditions, it is required that the pollution of the drilling rig should be as small as possible, the power should be appropriate, the pollution sources should be reduced, and good construction conditions should be created [3].
1.2 grouting pump performance analysis
Grouting pump is the most important tool in grouting construction. It should have enough slurry discharge, which can be continuously adjusted as needed, and at the same time, it should generate enough adjustable pressure to meet the grouting requirements of filling gaps or cracks in the formation. By accurately controlling the grouting speed and pressure, the gel slurry can achieve the effect of water plugging [4]. According to different geological conditions and different hydrological conditions, specific configuration is needed.
Performance analysis of 1.3 pulping mixing barrel
High-speed mixer is used to break cement particles, so that the prepared slurry is stirred evenly, and its production capacity matches the grouting amount in grouting pump, ensuring the uninterrupted supply of slurry. A secondary mixing barrel is equipped to meet the placement position of grouting pump straws, and then stirred evenly again to prevent slurry from settling [5].
Performance analysis of 1.4 pressure gauge
In the process of grouting construction of highway engineering, many technical parameters need to be mastered. Grouting pressure is one of the most important parameters. The pressure gauge can provide accurate pressure parameters for grouting construction and record them. Because the grouting material is required to solidify in a certain period of time, it is required that the pressure gauge adopt oil pressure diaphragm for earthquake resistance. In addition to the pressure gauge installed in the grouting pump, a pressure gauge is installed at the end of the orifice pipe to record more accurate grouting pressure.
2 highway engineering grouting multifunctional drilling trolley
In the whole grouting equipment system of highway engineering, the multifunctional drilling trolley is a key large-scale auxiliary construction equipment and plays an important role in the faucet frame. The multifunctional drilling trolley is not only the supporting platform for the operating table and the drill bit, but also the working platform for connecting the grouting pipeline and the main operating platform for drilling operators. The multifunctional drilling trolley is mainly embodied in the following aspects: first, the drilling trolley can allow the drilling rig to drill holes at any angle and at any point on the tunnel face plane; Secondly, the multifunctional drilling rig also needs to be used as a working platform for wind power operators and provide them with sufficient water supply system and air supply system; Thirdly, it has a certain self-propelled ability, which provides the necessary mobility for the multifunctional drilling trolley.
The multifunctional drilling rig is mainly composed of eight parts, forming a complete drilling rig. In addition to the basic drilling, other functions are realized, which makes the "multi-function" worthy of the name. These eight parts are: portal frame, fixed platform, movable platform, widened platform, side platform, water supply and gas supply system, walking equipment and electrical equipment.
Gantry is a key and important part of multifunctional drilling trolley. In order to better solve the problem of drilling in vertical direction, a double-layer mobile platform is equipped, on which the drilling rig can move vertically, which is beneficial to the alignment of the drilling rig. At the same time, in order to adjust the horizontal deflection angle and pitch angle of the drill bit more conveniently and simply, a small bracket of drill pipe propeller is installed to fix the drill bit, and the angle problem of the drill bit is adjusted by using this small bracket, which effectively solves the angle positioning problem of the drill bit. In addition, the support also allows horizontal movement on the movable platform, which is beneficial to the horizontal alignment of the drill bit.
Both the fixed platform and the side platform are fixed on the columns of the gantry, mainly to adapt to the duck-egg section of the waterproof lining of the tunnel and expand the range of activities. The traveling system consists of a driving wheel set and a driven wheel set, and the driving wheel is driven by a motor reducer. The air supply and water supply system is a seamless steel pipe, which is connected with the flange of the feng shui pipe. The electrical system mainly provides power for the walking motor of the multifunctional drilling rig trolley [6].
3 Analysis of matters needing attention in the application of grouting equipment in highway engineering
First, drill grouting holes. The first step of grouting reinforcement method is to drill grouting holes according to the design requirements and actual engineering conditions. The drilling process should be carried out in strict accordance with the pre-designed scheme, and the drilling direction, diameter and angle should be highly in line with the specifications and design requirements. During drilling, a drilling rig should be used for parallel operation. It should be noted that in order to facilitate the embedding of grouting pipes, it is necessary to ensure that the diameter of drilling holes is appropriately larger than the diameter of grouting pipes during drilling. The aperture should not be much larger than the pipe diameter, otherwise it is not conducive to the sealing between the borehole and the pipeline. When drilling the structural layer, it should be noted that the hole must be drilled with clean water; When the structural layer reaches the soil layer after drilling, it is suggested to use dry drilling to avoid the hole collapse caused by flooding and the closed hole after pulling out the bit, so that there will be no problem affecting the embedding quality of the grouting pipeline.
Second, scientifically bury the grouting pipeline. After the grouting hole is made successfully, in order to avoid the phenomenon that the hole collapses or impurities fall into the hole, which will affect the burying quality of grouting pipe, it is necessary to bury the steel flower tube prepared in advance according to the design requirements in the shortest time. The installation requirements of the steel pipe are as follows: firstly, lift the steel pipe with a geological drilling rig, and slowly put it into the vertical drilling hole after it is completely vertical. In the process of lowering, in order to prevent stirring the subbase, causing damage to the screw mouth of the grouting nozzle and the transparent glue of the steel flower tube, it is necessary to ensure that the steel flower tube does not have problems such as hammering and deflection. In the process of installing steel pipe, all operations must be carried out in strict accordance with the standards and requirements of the design scheme. If the length of the steel pipe exceeds 8m, it must be installed in sections; In order to facilitate the installation of the pressure drop head, the steel pipe should be exposed to the ground for at least 5 cm; In order to solve the problem of slurry leakage at the joint caused by excessive pressure when the pressure drops, water glass should be used to seal the joint between the grouting nozzle and the plate.
In a word, the operation of grouting reinforcement method is relatively simple, and the technology has high maturity and reliability, and the construction cost is satisfactory. At the same time, it can achieve the effect of strengthening soft foundation, improving foundation bearing capacity and preventing slope collapse in highway engineering.
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