The mid-line project mainly supplies water to Henan, Hebei, Beijing and Tianjin. Focus on solving the problem of water shortage in more than 20 large and medium-sized cities along Beijing, Tianjin and Shijiazhuang, taking into account the ecological environment and agricultural water use along the line. The mid-line project will be implemented in two phases. The main goal of the first phase of the project is to heighten the dam of Danjiangkou Reservoir and use gravity to lead the water from Danjiangkou Reservoir to Beijing and Tianjin. The first phase of the central line project can adjust 9.5 billion cubic meters of water every year on average. At the same time, in order to reduce the impact of Danjiangkou Reservoir on the middle and lower reaches of the Han River, four ecological construction projects, such as diverting water from the Yangtze River to the Han River, were built.
The Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Transfer started on June 30, 2003. At present, the emergency water supply project in Shijiazhuang, Beijing, which has already started, has started construction of seven individual projects, and the project construction is progressing smoothly, among which the inverted siphon project in Yongding River in Beijing has been basically completed.
Since 1952, several generations of technicians of the Yangtze River Water Conservancy Commission have unswervingly carried out the exploration, survey, planning and design of the middle route project. 1987 put forward the planning report of the middle route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project, and revised it 199 1 year. 1992, the feasibility study report of the middle route project of South-to-North Water Transfer Project was put forward. 1995 the state environmental protection bureau examines and approves the environmental impact report of the middle route of the south-to-north water transfer project; During the period from 1995 to 1998, the Ministry of Water Resources and the State Planning Commission respectively organized experts to demonstrate and review the South-to-North Water Transfer Project, and at the same time made supplementary studies on several schemes of heightening and not heightening Danjiangkou Dam in the middle route project. At the beginning of the new century, according to the changes in China's economy, society, ecological environment and water resources, the Yangtze River Committee solicited opinions from all sides in a scientific, rigorous and realistic manner, and revised the planning of the middle route project again according to the principles of "water saving first, water transfer first, pollution control first and water use first".
The Middle Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project is an integral part of the whole South-to-North Water Transfer Project. It is planned to transfer water from Danjiangkou Reservoir in Hanjiang River in the near future, with an average annual transfer of 9.5 billion cubic meters. The project will be completed before 20 10. In the later stage, the scale of water diversion from Han will be further expanded, with the annual regulated water volume reaching 654.38+0.3 billion cubic meters, and the project is expected to be completed in 2030. The prospect is to transfer water from the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River. In the near future, the Danjiangkou reservoir dam will be raised first, and water will be delivered through newly opened artificial channels (local pipelines). The main water conveyance canal takes water from the head of Taocha Canal in Danjiangkou Reservoir, crosses the Jianghuai watershed at Fangchengguan, crosses the Yellow River at Gubaizui, west of Zhengzhou, and then runs generally parallel to the Beijing-Guangzhou Railway (located west of the Beijing-Guangzhou Railway), heading north to Tuancheng Lake in Beijing. Tianjin main canal carries water from Xiheishan, xushui county, Hebei Province to Tianjin Outer Ring River. The total length of the water conveyance project is 142 1km, in which the diversion canal is away from Beijing 1.267km, and the Tianjin main canal 1.54km. All water conveyance projects are interchanged with rivers, and the Beijing-Tianjin section adopts pipe culverts.
The Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Transfer Project has its unique advantages. First, timely water supply dispatching is safe and reliable. Danjiangkou Reservoir has great regulating capacity. In addition to flood control in the main flood season, the regulation capacity reached 9.8 billion cubic meters, and reached 654.38+0.9 billion cubic meters after the flood season. There are a large number of reservoirs on both sides of the main canal, which can undertake the tasks of "charging" regulation and "compensation" regulation, and another waterfall reservoir is used as an "online" regulation reservoir. Through the main canal, the safe and reliable water supply dispatching can be ensured by adopting mature modern control technology and advanced dispatching management means. The second is the unique geographical conditions. The main canal is located in the west of the plain, commanding and with a wide control range. The connection with the existing water conservancy projects in the receiving area is simple and the water supply scheduling is flexible. Third, water resources are abundant. The mid-line project draws water from Danjiangkou Reservoir in the near future and later period, and can draw water from the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River as needed in the long term.
The Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Transfer Project is a magnificent ecological project. At present, the water-receiving area of the Middle Route Project is short of more than 6 billion cubic meters every year, and the economic and social development has to be maintained by a large number of over-exploited groundwater, resulting in a large-scale and substantial decline of groundwater, and even the aquifer in some areas has been exhausted. After the implementation of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project, the annual water transfer will be 9.5 billion cubic meters in the near future, and the scale of water transfer will be further expanded as needed in the later period, which will effectively solve the water shortage problem in the receiving area and significantly improve the ecological environment.
The heightening of Danjiangkou reservoir dam in the middle route project will effectively improve the flood control capacity in the middle and lower reaches of the Han River. After the Danjiangkou Dam is heightened, the flood control storage capacity will increase from 7.7 billion cubic meters to 1 1 100 million cubic meters in the main flood season. In case of another flood of 1935, the middle and lower reaches of the Hanjiang River will basically not be divided, which can relieve a major worry of Jianghan Plain.
The middle route project has also played a positive role in protecting the water environment in the middle and lower reaches of the Han River. The four major projects planned and constructed in the Hanjiang River Basin —— Xinglong Hub in the main stream of the Hanjiang River, water transfer project from Shashi to Shayang, regulation project in the reach affected by shipping, and renovation project in the culvert pumping station affected by water transfer, not only minimize the water transfer impact, but also significantly increase the flow in the reach below Xinglong during the dry season, which is expected to basically eliminate the phenomenon of "water bloom" in the Hanjiang River in spring that once seriously threatened the water supply security of Wuhan and other cities.
The main canal of the middle route project is not only a "clear water corridor", but also a "green corridor". The main canal does not run through the mountains, with superior construction conditions and little impact on the environment. Rivers along the line intersect with the main canal to ensure water quality. At the same time, when Danjiangkou Reservoir is full of water, it can be easily put into local rivers to improve the water environment of rivers. In addition, the mid-line project will also promote the development of greening, ecological agriculture and green agriculture and improve the local ecological environment.
The Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Transfer Project is a good economic project. According to the price at the end of 2000, the total investment of the mid-line project is about 92 billion yuan. 40% of these investments will be converted into consumption funds, which will play an important role in expanding domestic demand and stimulating economic growth. According to the multiplier effect of investment, the construction of mid-line project will promote the development of building materials industry, manufacturing industry, transportation industry and tertiary industry. The Middle Route Project will also promote the strategic adjustment of the economic structure in the South-to-North Water Transfer Project, the areas along the water transfer project and the northern water receiving area, and build a water-saving industry, agriculture and society.
According to the general requirements of the socialist market economy, combined with the public characteristics of water resources allocation, the construction and management system of the mid-line project is constructed to ensure the smooth construction and benign operation of the project after completion. According to the principle of "government macro-control, market mechanism operation and water users' participation in management", the Middle Route Project will set up "Middle Route Project Water Source Company" and "Water Supply Limited Liability Company". The water source company is responsible for the dam heightening and later operation management of Danjiangkou Reservoir and sells water to the water supply company. The water supply company is responsible for the construction of the main canal project and its future operation management, and sells the water to the water users association below the outlet.
Water price is the key to the operation of the mid-line project. The calculated water price of the mid-line project is 0.27 ~ 1.27 yuan, which is within the acceptable range of water users and stimulates the enthusiasm of water saving. During the construction period, the South-to-North Water Transfer Project Fund will be established by raising the water price, which will be beneficial to the rational distribution of water rights and create conditions for the collection and management of water charges after the water is connected.
The Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Transfer Project is an active social project. The dam heightening of Danjiangkou Reservoir requires 300,000 migrants, which is the biggest difficulty in the project construction, but it is also a great opportunity to solve the serious shortage of environmental capacity and the poverty of residents in the reservoir area. According to the estimation of relevant parties, even if the mid-line project is not built, about 654.38+10,000 people around the reservoir area need to be moved out to fundamentally solve the problem of poverty alleviation in the reservoir area. The construction of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project and the relocation of 300,000 migrants to places with better living conditions will greatly improve the ecological environment around the reservoir and improve the living standards of migrants.
After the completion of the mid-line project, the high-quality drinking water of urban residents along the line can be guaranteed, and some cities will no longer be "short of water" in dry years. For millions of local farmers who drink high-fluorine water, brackish water and other deep groundwater containing harmful substances for a long time, the mid-line project will fundamentally improve their drinking water quality.
In a word, the Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Diversion is a great project of "win-win between North and South", and its important role will be presented continuously with the progress of history. "How can the canal be so clear? Only flowing water comes from the source ",the implementation of the Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Diversion is the wise decision of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, the grand long-cherished wish of generations of water conservancy workers, and the ardent expectation of the broad masses of the people. We are determined and confident that under the correct leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, with the strong support of the Ministry of Water Resources, and with the close cooperation of the people along the route, we will do all the work well to ensure that this grand project will benefit the present and future generations of Zebei at an early date.