At the entrance of Cangpo Village, I saw Cangpo Ximen, which was built in the Song Dynasty. This gate has a thick arch and a Gu Zhuo-style structure, and it still looks up proudly, just like a majestic soldier facing a civilian. Entering the west gate, it is a stone arch bridge that has remained unchanged after a hundred years of wind and rain. It stands tall and straddles both banks. The deck of the arch bridge symbolizes the tiger's back, and the two lanterns hanging from the top of the archway on the back of the tiger symbolize the tiger's eyes, which symbolizes the rich humanistic color of the ancient village and the meaning of crouching tiger, hidden dragon.
Another small stone bridge facing the West Gate, an arched stone bridge body, sets the West Gate and one of the north-south long streets on a straight line that is not in the same plane, avoiding the taboo that the Feng Shui intersection leads directly to the main street. According to the data, in ancient times, only champions were qualified to walk on this bridge. For hundreds of years, Cangpo people have been exhorting their ancestors, dreaming that they can walk once and throw away their lofty ambitions. Today has finally come true, and young men and women are walking happily, highlighting the position of "farming and reading culture" in the hearts of villagers.
Cangpo Village has a long history. According to legend, in 955 AD, in the last week of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms in the Tang Dynasty, a man named Li Cen came to the foot of this Bijia Mountain from Changxi, Cangpo Village, Fujian Province to avoid troubled times, took a fancy to this treasure trove of geomantic omen and settled down from it. It has a history of more than 1000 years, and his descendants have more than 40 generations. In the fifth year of Southern Song Dynasty (1 179), there was a Xu in Cangpo village. Song Li loved his hometown deeply and invited Li Ritian, a Buddhist at that time, to make a careful plan and layout for his hometown. It is said that after investigating the geographical situation of Cangpo Village, Li Ritian thought that the geographical environment of Cangpo was "too angry" and there were fire hazards on all sides. Therefore, in the layout, pay attention to the environmental setting of replacing fire with water. There are two pools in the east and west directions of the village, the East Pool, which is a long and narrow rectangle with a length of147m from north to south and a width of19m from east to west. Xichi, rectangular, 80 meters long from east to west and 35 meters wide from north to south, is sunny, and the reflection of Bijiashan is reflected in it, forming a static water landscape painting.
Most of the roads in the village are paved with pebbles, which are refreshing, natural and beautiful. Clusters of bamboo and green trees in the courtyard wall are quite idyllic. The houses here are mostly square or three-in-one enclosed, that is, there are three, five and nine main rooms with wooden cloisters in front of them. The gatehouse is towering, and the windows are mostly woven with bamboo, which is also an attractive scenery.
So where is Four Treasures of the Study? How to appreciate this beautiful landscape in which man and nature live in harmony? Standing on a high place, I looked up and saw a Bijia Mountain in the west of the village. In the place facing Bijia Mountain, the villagers paved a long street of more than 300 meters with square bricks, like a pen, called Pen Street. Bijie is the main street in the village. In Song Dynasty, Li Zufen was at the southwest end of the long street, connecting the village road and the ancestral grave. This is also rare in ancient villages, which shows that Cangpo people admire and respect their ancestors. In the village, there are two large pools for fire prevention, which are called inkstone pools. Next to the East-West Pool, there is a stone that looks like a Mexican side. At one end of the strip stone, it is chiseled into a polished appearance. It is said that this 4.5-meter-long strip stone with a cross section of 0.5 and 0.3 meters is erected by the pool, and there are 5 1.5 holes in the inkstone. According to the old man in the village, the stone on it is. Most of the houses in the whole village are surrounded by square pebbles, and the walls of the houses are about one person high. The layout of the building is neat and rigorous, and the roof of the house is well-defined and strewn at random, just like a big piece of paper written out. I really don't know if I don't look. Be clear at a glance.
The starting point of the main street is the village center, and the Li Ancestral Hall is at the starting point of Pen Street, east of the village entrance. There seems to be a little more surname on the plaque of the Lee Ancestral Hall. This is not a clerical error. Some villagers told us: Because there were several non-Li families in the village at that time, it can be seen that the ancient village at that time did not mean exclusion, and the acceptance of people with foreign surnames in the village highlighted harmonious coexistence.
According to the ancient architectural custom, the ancestral hall is not close to the temple. But Li didn't care about this. Renji Temple is on the east side of the ancestral hall. As Nanxi Folk Museum, it is Renji Temple. Founded in 1055, it was built by Li Bojun, the tenth ancestor of Li. The owner of this temple is not Guanyin Guan Gong, nor the ancestor of his own family, but the early Zhou Dynasty in folklore. Shi Shuo Xin Yu describes a man named Zhou Chu. When he was young, he was a bully in the village and hated his neighbors. Later, at the beginning of the week, he turned over a new leaf, removed great harm to the villagers in the village, and finally died in the battlefield, which is a model for generations to educate young people to fight evil and do good. This shows the profound meaning of building a temple. Temples in other places are generally dull and solemn, but Li paid great attention to the shaping of artistic atmosphere and aesthetic feeling when building them. Looking up at the temple, he suddenly felt that it was a kind of cultural education. .
There are three ancient cypresses in front of Renji Temple, which are 8 15 years old. It is said that Li Xizhai, the ninth ancestor of Li, planted Cooper himself. He not only advocated villagers to plant trees and beautify their homes, but also banned them: "Anyone who ties cattle to a tree will be killed immediately." Once, unfortunately, a long-term worker put his cow in a cypress tree. When Li Xizhai found out, he killed his own cow and alarmed the whole village. Since then, no one has damaged the green trees. Li Xizhai lost a cow, but in exchange for the evergreen and beautiful Cooper, the villagers were convinced. Since then, this rule has remained unchanged for thousands of years. When you walk into Cangpo Village and see the lush old trees, you can feel the long and ancient atmosphere, which is rich.
The Pavilion of Watching Brother and the Hall of Watching Brother in the village are two distinctive ancient buildings in Cangpo Village. According to legend, it was built in 1 128, after Li Qiushan, the seventh ancestor of Cangpo, separated from his younger brother Li. At that time, my brother Li Qiushan moved to Fangdai Village on the other side. However, the two brothers have deep feelings and still frequent contacts after separation. Every time I talk for a long time in the middle of the night, I have to send it to the village when I break up. It was not until one party reached the other safely and raised the lantern in his hand to show peace that the two brothers turned around and went home separately. Later, the two brothers agreed to build a pavilion in Cangpo Village and Fangdai Village, with the pavilion facing north and the pavilion facing south. The water between the two pavilions is full, which is a pavilion for seeing my brother off and a hall for looking at my brother. The pavilion has a unique shape, especially the eaves, which are full of radians, so it looks extensive, and the eaves are flying and very soft. The pavilions are open on all sides and windy on all sides, which is far apart, indicating a continuous friendship. Staring at the pavilion will naturally think a lot. This is also of great educational significance to people today, especially how to get along and communicate with blood relatives in life.
In addition to traditional cultural and artistic traditions such as architecture, greening and Buddhism, the ancient Kunqu opera is a folk art treasure of Cangpo Village. Mr. Yu, a famous former Beijing-Kunqu opera artist in China, once said that "it is better to live in Kunming in the south than in the north", referring to the folk Kunqu art in Yongjia area. Here, the endangered art of Yong Kun is once again valued, which is a profound cultural background. Here, every holiday, the old stage will ring the tune sung by Yong Kun, attracting guests from all over the world.
Walking in this beautiful Ming and Qing residential courtyard and touching the surrounding scenery, in addition to seeing the scenic spots in the village, the villagers' hospitality is irresistible. Sitting in the local restaurant in the village, you can taste the rice wine made by the villagers, as well as wild vegetables, local chickens and local ducks. You will feel a strong fragrance and a different kind of wildness and beauty.
Sitting in an ancient teahouse, sipping a cup of villagers' special green tea, and letting the breeze blow slowly, you will feel that you have infiltrated a beautiful green, imagine it, and at the same time you will be excited to have absorbed the literary spirit of "Four Treasures of the Study".