168 farmers were taken to rob tombs, which were dug in public for 92 days before and after, and more than 4,000 precious cultural relics were stolen.

During the Republic of China, there were three large-scale public grave robberies. In this paper, the author's grave robbery is mainly carried out by one person or several gangs, which is easy to be exposed when there are many people. However, during the Republic of China, large-scale public grave-robbing activities, the so-called grave-robbing incidents, occurred from time to time. The organizer invited local farmers to participate in the excavation, just like the collective labor of the members of the production team. There are at least three such cases with a large number of participants, ranging from nearly 100 to as many as 1 000. (1970 farmer raking the river scene) In the 26th year of the Republic of China (1937), Tomb of Wangjian in Weihui, Henan Province was stolen-nearly 100 people openly robbed Tomb of Wangjian during the day, and everything except the tomb can be compared with the mausoleum. It is said that because Zhu Yijun liked this younger brother very much, Zhu Yichang not only won the favor of the emperor before his death, but also received special care from Zhu Yijun after his death. The cemetery was built luxuriously, and the whole project took six years. (Tomb of King Lu) The tomb of King Lu Jian is mainly composed of Shinto, the tomb of King Lu Jian and the tomb of Second Princess. The tomb of the Second Princess is located at140m west of the tomb of King Lu Jian. The owner of the tomb is Zhao, the second princess of Zhu Yijun, and the local people call it the "Princess Tomb". Zhu Yi * * * has 12 concubines, and Zhao is his biological mother and queen. Because of her special status, she was chased as a "mistress" by Zongshen after her death. October of the 26 th year of the Republic of China, the exact date is uncertain. In the morning, a "team" of nearly 100 people came to the local area. Some of them are carrying rifles, some are carrying boxes (pistols), but more are carrying pickaxes, shovels and shovels, as if they were digging rivers and building dams. It turns out that this is a group of grave robbers, led by two middle-aged men in their forties, who live in Gaocun, Jixian County and are famous tramps in the Jianghu. This group of people are farmers that the organizers have found from their hometown of Gaoxin Village, Chenbao Village and Liuguo Village in Xinxiang. They came to steal the tomb of King Lu with an open flame. (Wang Lu Cemetery Palace) There is a Feng Shui wall around Wang Lu Cemetery. After the gang entered the cemetery through the geomantic wall, they first knocked down the garden gate of the princess's tomb and went directly to the tall tomb in the backyard. The organizer directs the work on site, digging here for a while and planing there for a while. This group of farmers immediately danced, with picks and shovels, and dug in full swing. In order to catch up with the time, we must not leave the scene for dinner, so we will solve it on the spot. Considering that people near the cemetery will come to stop and interfere, the organizer will send other people with guns to patrol and guard around, and also arrange lookouts at high places to report any movement immediately. But the gang finally failed and was driven away by local farmers. Later, local farmers will dig out two bags of treasure from the coffin and steal them. In the 22nd year of the Republic of China (1933), there were 168 farmers in Shouxian County, Anhui Province who robbed the tomb of the King of Chu. At that time, there was a serious famine in Shouxian County, and a big flood occurred in 193 1 Huaihe River Basin, especially in Shouxian County. 1932, droughts occurred one after another, and a large number of victims were hungry and cold, leaving their homes. Zhu Jiaji, the director of the Joint Insurance Company and the director of the Fake Insurance Company, came up with the idea of a local ancient tomb, thinking that there must be antiques buried under Li Sangu's pile, and advocated that excavation should be a treasure. At that time, the cultural relics market in the Republic of China had risen, and "antiques are valuable" is well known. If the excavated antiquities can be sold, they will be used as "disaster relief". According to the Investigation Report of Chu Tomb in Shouxian County by Li Jingying, a scholar of the Republic of China, the leaders who stole Li Sangu's tomb were Zhu Hongchu and Pang Ziping respectively. There are 168 people involved in the excavation, all of whom are local farmers. From March of that year 19, * * * dug for 92 days. Digging to the 22nd day of the fifth lunar month, treasures were discovered and bronzes were unearthed. Then, more and more excavations were carried out. In addition to a large number of bronzes, there are other sporadic stone tools. It is said that there are more than 4,000 pieces, each of which weighs hundreds of pounds. In the 16th year of the Republic of China (1927), the cockfighting platform in Baoji City, Shaanxi Province was stolen-at most, more than a thousand farmers took part in the treasure digging, which was the location of the Western Zhou Dynasty tomb. This grave robbery was organized by the local warlord Party Imperial Seal, and the surrounding farmers participated in the excavation. At the beginning of the excavation, the organizers forced dozens of villages around the cockfighting platform to send migrant workers. With the expansion of the scale of grave robbery, they forced farmers in Qishan, Baoji, Fengxiang, Fufeng and other nearby counties and towns to participate in grave robbery. At a young age, there were about 400 to 500 people, and at the most, there were more than 1000 people, many of whom were arrested by Party Jade. These people are densely distributed on the hillside on the east and west sides of Daijiagou on the cockfighting platform, taking turns to dig, and treasure diggers are standing everywhere from top to bottom. Farmers bring their own digging tools. Those close to home are allowed to go home to eat and live. Those who come from afar leave on a starry night and return at dusk. No matter how far it is, we should take enough dry food, or spend the night under the eaves of the villagers in the village, or sleep in the broken cave at the foot of the cliff. The conditions are difficult. In order to facilitate the management, Kun became the "tomb raiding leading group", which is exactly the same as when Cao Cao stole Liu Wu's tomb in Liang Xiaowang, he appointed a corps commander and a captain in the army and set up the "tomb raiding office". During the grave robbery, the cockfighting platform was very lively, just like the Spring Festival. According to the introduction of the local elderly, in order to entertain migrant workers, the organizers have invited theatrical troupes from Xi 'an, Qishan and Meixian to sing for three months. The food vendors and bulk stalls at the venue were very lively. In order to arouse the enthusiasm of migrant workers, the party decree announced the method of heavy reward: get an antique and reward it at one tenth of the actual price. I wonder if this practice draws lessons from the "reward system" popular in western archaeology in the 19th century. This seems to be a reward, but it is actually an effective means to prevent migrant workers from burying cultural relics privately. (Bronzes unearthed in Shaanxi)