I found several ways to ward off evil spirits. Please refer to them:
The magic weapon in China's mysterious cultural system generally means that everything is manipulated conditionally by people? #092; The "treasures" that can exert the so-called supernatural power can be roughly divided into two categories: one is natural materials that can be made or directly used as magic weapons, such as water, stones and some plants and minerals. The other is artificial and synthetic instruments, such as tools, weapons, decorations, etc. Among so many "treasures", I selected seven of the most powerful curses in ancient China according to their efficacy.
Seventh: "water"
Water is regarded as one of the "five elements" and one of the "three officials" (referring to the celestial officials, local officials and water officials served by Taoism), and people's awe of water has almost reached the level of paying equal attention to heaven and earth. At the same time, water for people,
Besides providing the benefits of drinking, irrigation and boating, it is also one of the most widely used and magical magic weapons.
First of all, water can bless and make money. It is believed that the water drawn in each specific season can bring happiness or wealth to the drinker. For example, the well water and river water extracted on the morning of the first day of the first month of the first lunar month in the summer calendar are called "silver water" or "wealth water"; Stay up until midnight to turn on the lights on New Year's Eve in the summer calendar? #092; What is quietly drawn from the river, called "heaven and earth water", can ensure good luck in the coming year and so on. The water on special days also has its special function: the dew collected on Grain Rain Day is used to draw symbols and stick them on the wall, which has the function of expelling all kinds of poisons; The dew collected on the eighth day of the fourth lunar month is used to grind ink, write spells on red paper, and then stick them on the wall to plague locusts; Another example is barefoot dew at noon, which is a disaster; The dew collected from the "six gods water" on the first day of August in the summer calendar can be used to adjust the moxibustion, eliminate all diseases, and so on. Of course, these influences are not the subject we are going to discuss today. The theme of this issue is that evil water can cure diseases and evoke souls. It is believed that all kinds of water treated under certain conditions have magical effects on treating diseases. For example, after Wu drew a strategy on the water, he called it "subduing the water", or offering sacrifices to the gods with clear water and adding wishes? #092; Later known as "cursed water", "divine water" and "holy water", they can cure diseases. When it rains in the sky, it is called "rootless water" after being connected with utensils, and it is effective to decoct with it. Besides. Popular belief also believes that children's illness is due to the loss of soul, and can also be recalled through the magic of water. For example, the way to "cross the water" is to burn incense in the middle of the night? #092; Later, I secretly found a small river to cross with my sick child in my arms. When I went ashore again, my soul had returned to my body and my illness could be cured. Another way to "call the soul" is to wash a bowl of water at the end of darkness, call out along the road, soak in the water together, that is, the soul has joined, take the bowl home and put it on the pillow of the sick child, and the disease can be cured. Of all these, water naturally has its effect of avoiding evil spirits, but it ranks only seventh because of its strong superstition and low effect.
Sixth: Gray.
Ash, Shuowen interprets "ash" as "embers of dead fire", which undoubtedly refers to the residue after burning substances. However, in the mysterious culture of China, gray is also a magic weapon with a wide range of uses. The idea that ash has magical power can probably be traced back to real life: in ancient literature, there are many records that people sow ash as fertilizer, accumulate ash to stop water or raise ash to help fight. After accumulation, it is very likely that their skills will be widely tested. In addition, since the pre-Qin period, many people classified as Taoists by later generations have tried to prove implicitly or explicitly that after an object is burned into embers, its shape has only changed, and its spirit is still accumulated in the ashes. According to this concept, it is logical that ashes with spirit have some magic. In the past, the action of "rubbing bones and raising ashes" was often associated with the intention of "killing all the ashes". The original intention was to concentrate the ashes, so that the purpose of aggregation could be hindered after they were scattered. Pray with ashes? #092; The effect of happiness and peace will not be introduced here. What we care about is how ashes exorcise evil spirits. As early as "Zhou Li? At present, there are systems such as "the red dragon palm removes the wall house, attacks it with charcoal, and sprinkles poison with ash", "Yan palm ignores it, burns the bully and sprinkles it with ash", that is, attacking insects with ash. Since then, scattering ashes in the house has become a very popular folk custom. Various names, such as "expelling five poisons" and "dusting dustpan", have been carried out more than before the second day of February and the fifth day of May in the summer calendar. Say a spell when scattering ashes, and some draw ashes on the ground to make birds and animals. Scattering ashes has also evolved from expelling poisonous insects to a wide range of methods of expelling epidemic diseases and evil spirits, even painting ashes on the road in the dead of night and making them into bows and arrows so as to shoot at disasters. In some places, there is also the custom of putting pot ashes on the tip of children's noses, which is said to suppress evil spirits and drive away ghosts.
Fifth: Stone
Ordinary stone can be a magic weapon, and its conceptual basis is the ancient people's consciousness of worshipping lingshi. This paper only introduces its scope of application and the operation form of avoiding evil spirits. In Dunhuang manuscripts, there is the Law of Using Stones to Town Houses, which says: "Ordinary people live in unfavorable houses, escape from illness and waste money. It is auspicious to use 90 pounds of stone to town the gate of hell; When people came, the losers didn't gather, and the market was unfavorable. With 80 pounds of stones, the town is prosperous. " The so-called "town" is to bury a stone in the direction designated by Kan Yu's family. Town tomb. That is, when the tomb was built, the stone was buried as a sacrifice for the same reason as the town house, but the beneficiary was the relatives of the deceased and extended to future generations. To be true. If the door of the house is facing the alley (road), bridge or the corner of someone else's house, I believe there will be "evil rush"
Fourth: the blood of the dog's head.
Chickens and dogs are domestic animals, but in ancient concepts, their origins are comparable to ordinary animals. Weft book Spring and Autumn Annals? #092; Dou Shu said that "Yu Hengxing scattered into chickens", while the Spring and Autumn Textual Research Collection said that "dogs have quarrels". This kind of endowment is directly related to people taking some of them as magic weapons. As a magic weapon to ward off evil spirits, dog blood has been recorded in history books. Qin Shihuang's four lessons of killing dogs and preventing fierceness are one example. Since then, killing dogs and smearing blood on the door has always been one of the basic ways for the people to eliminate ominous or resist evil. Folk beliefs also believe that dog blood and chicken head are the easiest way to solve evil spirits, especially chicken head and black dog blood. If you encounter a "demon" who uses magic, such as cutting paper into horses and scattering beans on soldiers, you can also splash dog blood to break its magic. In folklore, chicken blood and dog blood are also commonly used together to hate evil spirits.
Third: adzuki bean
The ancients called bean silence, but according to the further analysis of Guangya and other books, there is a difference between bean silence and adzuki bean name. Black beans, soybeans and mung beans all belong to soybeans, such as red beans, mung beans, white beans and peas. In China's traditional folk customs, beans that are regarded as magical and effective are adzuki beans. In addition, soybeans are also useful "shed beans" in local Buddhist beliefs and customs.
The magic of adzuki bean lies in fighting and avoiding epidemic first. Such as "Miscellaneous Five Elements Book" cloud; "Often in the first month, is also very effective for monarch disease. On the seventh day of the first month and the seventh day of July, the man swallowed seven red beans and the woman swallowed fourteen. After not getting sick, the disease is not contagious. " Obviously, this kind of adzuki bean operation, which sometimes pays attention to the conditions of distinguishing between men and women, is not a medical concept. Another example is "Guangji Year", which says: "On the day of autumn, ten red beans are swallowed by autumn water to stop red and white dysentery." The principle is the same. There is also a saying that adzuki bean hates ghosts. "Miscellanies at the Age of Years" said: "* * * There was a bad talent in the Gong family who died of the plague ghost in winter and was afraid of adzuki beans, which he hated every day." In the past, we knew that eating red beans was limited to the solstice in winter, and Zheng Dan, Yuanxiao, Qixi and beginning of autumn all had eye-catching and epidemic prevention effects. It turned out that "epidemic ghosts" were most afraid of. This legend is not only popular in China, but also spread to the Korean Peninsula and the Japanese archipelago. Even today, there are widespread acts of "scattering beans to exorcise ghosts" in folk customs there, but their ways of exorcising ghosts are different.
Second: mahogany
Peach wood is also called "fairy wood". It is the most widely used material to ward off evil spirits and create ghosts. Peach trees have such magical power, which is rooted in the mysterious concept that peach trees are afraid of ghosts. In the recording and interpretation of ancient documents, the basis of this concept can be roughly divided into three categories. Because it has nothing to do with the theme, I won't go into details. This paragraph mainly talks about the function of peach wood in exorcism: 1) peach board. Also known as "peach version", "peach symbol" and "peach symbol board", they are used in pairs. The image of the Shen Tu brothers (legendary exorcists) is painted on the board to suppress the evil soul. Of course, as we all know, it has gradually evolved into the present "Spring Festival couplets" and "couplets". 2) peach seal. Also known as the "Peach Seal", it is a button carved from peach wood and painted with red, blue and Huang San colors. Black and white, spells to ward off evil spirits, and perforated buttons. During the Dragon Boat Festival, you only need to tie the peach seal on the door or between the curtains with colorful ornaments to drive away evil spirits and ghosts. 3) Peach service. Ornamental objects made of mahogany are melon-shaped, multi-edged, engraved with inscriptions, and the content is mostly to pray for soil disaster. The usage method is to wear it on the body in the first month of the summer calendar. According to History of Han Poetry, this custom was popular in the Spring and Autumn Period, and the later mahogany system was its legacy. 4) Ren Tao. Also known as "peach stalk" and "peach puppet", it is an aversion to victory carved with peach stalks. Shaped like a human figure, the size is arbitrary. The way to use it is to stand by the door on New Year's Eve in the summer calendar or ward off evil spirits in Zheng Dan. According to the records in Zhuangzi and Warring States Policy, this custom was popular in the Warring States Period. In the folk custom of building houses in some areas, Ren Tao is also used to open a small hole on the door wall or between beams and columns to put a small group of people. ? J is a demon, keep the house stable. 5) peach pit. Intercepting the branches of peach trees without treatment is a ready-made ghost. "Zhuangzi" said that when a child puts a stick in front of his house and is not afraid to enter the house, the ghost will be scared away. In addition, the ancients also bathed with peach branches, thinking that they could ward off evil spirits. 6) Pink bow. Also known as "peach arc", it is made of peach wood and used in combination with an arrow-shaped object made of thorns to celebrate victory. Zuozhuan? In Zhao Gong, there was a ceremony of "peach-arc arrow to eliminate its disaster" for four years. The meaning of "disaster" seems to be broader than the concept of ghost. 7) peaches □. The magic weapon made of peach branches and ears of grain looks like a broom. Zuo Zhuan, The Book of Rites and Zhou Li all contain ominous records of hot peach blossom. There are two occasions in front of peaches: mourning and killing animals to get blood. The ancients believed that scandium was associated with ghosts and things like that. Before hanging people, it was necessary to use town objects to ensure that the living were not infringed, and Tao Qian had the power to kill ghosts. Killing a sacrifice, taking blood and swearing, but also afraid of ominous, Taofeng plays the role of being removed. In ancient times, most of the people who picked peaches before holding them were officials such as Wu Shi, but later they gradually became a tool of Taoism before picking peaches, that is, the predecessor of blowing dust. Peach wooden sword should be the most familiar usage. It is a magic weapon of "catching ghosts" or "splitting ghosts" made of peach wood, which is used in conjunction with "peach seal" and reed rope. This is already in the hands of the Taoist priest with a bull's nose, but the righteousness comes from the ancient people's belief in the power of peach wood to kill ghosts. 9) Peach soup. In the story of Jingchu's avoiding evil spirits, there is a description of drinking Taoyuan on the first day of the first month. Whether to cook the fields with peaches, peach gum or peach wood has not been tested. In addition, there is a way to take a bath in Taoyuan to solve the mystery of ghosts in the folk magic of banning the disintegration of black beads.
First: bronze mirror
Among many magic weapons, the bronze mirror has the strongest exorcism ability. In ancient China, people used bronze mirrors for a long time. Bronze mirrors are not only utensils and handicrafts, but also magic weapons with multiple functions. Where does the magic of bronze mirrors come from? Most of the explanations of the ancients were related to their makers. The magical function of the bronze mirror is that it can "observe the original shape of the demon chief" at first. For example, Ge Hong's "Bao Pu Zi" said that everything in the world has been refined for a long time and has the ability to deceive people by pretending to be human beings. "But they can't change their true shape in the mirror." As soon as they saw the bronze mirror, they showed their true colors and quickly slipped away. Based on this principle, a first-class magician should first use a mirror as a magic weapon to see through monsters when engaging in activities such as catching ghosts and demons. At that time, when the mirror first appeared, the monster ran away. Along this line of thinking, the magic mirror has become a widely used forbidden article. For example, the back or chest of ancient warrior armor is embedded with a "protective mirror". Copper mirror material, on the one hand, has the function of resisting the invasion of weapons such as knives and arrows, on the other hand, it can play a role in scaring many ghosts and monsters. For another example, the custom of putting a small round mirror in the middle of the top of the gate is very popular in many areas of China. Even today, this ancient forbidden object with exorcism significance often appears in modern-style buildings, but the material of the mirror has changed from cooked copper to glass. For another example, in traditional wedding customs, bronze mirrors are the most commonly used tools to ward off evil spirits. The bride, wearing a new dress with a bronze mirror, got into a sedan chair and went to her husband's house. Before the sedan chair enters the husband's house, the full-time staff should carefully "search" it up and down, left and right in the sedan chair with a bronze mirror; A big bronze mirror is absolutely indispensable in the bridal chamber used for the fusion of rulers. In addition, bronze mirrors are also used in folk funeral activities. People put bronze mirrors on the top of the tomb or at the four corners of the coffin bed. These arrangements are designed to ward off evil spirits. (However, I thought it was to keep ghosts from coming out. )
PS: Actually, ghosts and gods have faith, but don't worry too much if you don't believe it ~ ~