Longmenshan, Luoyang City, Henan Province 1
Located in the southern suburbs of Luoyang City, Henan Province 13 km on the east-west hills on both sides of the Yi River. Xishan, also known as Longmen Mountain, is named after it. It was called yique in ancient times, so it is also called yique grottoes. It was excavated in the 18th year of Taihe in the Northern Wei Dynasty (494), that is, before and after Emperor Xiaowen moved to Luoyang, and it lasted more than 65,438+0,000 years from the Eastern Wei Dynasty, the Western Wei Dynasty, the Northern Qi Dynasty, the Sui Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties to the end of the Qing Dynasty, especially in the Northern Wei Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty. There are large and small caves and niches on the cliffs of Longmen Mountain (Xishan) and Xiangshan Mountain (Dongshan) on both sides of the Yi River. There are about 265,438+000 grottoes, more than 40 pagodas, 3,860 inscriptions and more than 6,543.8 million statues. Longmen Grottoes have the largest number of Tang grottoes, accounting for about 2/3. Typical caves include Qianxi Temple, Fengxian Temple and Kanjing Temple. Followed by the Northern Wei Dynasty, accounting for about 1/3. Typical caves are Guyang Cave, Binyang Cave, Lianhua Cave and Wanfo Cave. Most of the statues in the grottoes are Buddhas, disciples, Bodhisattvas, Heavenly Kings and Lux, as well as secular donors, Buddhist biographies and Bunsen stories. There are 1 1 Buddha statues carved in the cliff niche of Fengxian Temple, and the main Buddha is17m high. There are 1.5 million stone carvings on the north and south walls of Wanfo Cave, all of which are masterpieces of the Tang Dynasty. The number of inscriptions ranks first in China Grottoes, and the famous "Longmen Twenty" represents the calligraphy works in Wei, early Tang and prosperous Tang dynasties.
Edit paragraph 2. Longmen Mountain in Chengdu, Sichuan
The scenery of Longmen Mountain in Sichuan (15 photo) is located at the northwest edge of Sichuan Basin, between Guangyuan City and Dujiangyan City. Northeast-southwest trend. Including Longmen, Chaping, Jiuding and other mountains. It is connected to Motianling in the northeast and Minjiang River in the southwest. Stretching for more than 200 kilometers. Altitude1000 ~1500m. The highest peak of Longmen Mountain is 2345 meters above sea level, rising from 2000 meters west of the basin edge to more than 3000 meters. Jiuding Mountain, the main peak, is as high as 4984 meters above sea level, with a myriad of weather. Pengzhou has Jiufeng Mountain Scenic Area, Baishuihe Nature Reserve and Bailu Forest Park. Longmenshan National Geopark is located in the middle part of Longmen Mountain, mainly distributed in Pengzhou and Shifang. The geological phenomenon of the Upper Paleozoic in this area is developed and thick, which shows the evolution process of the earth's ancient geology layer by layer and is a living file of the evolution process of the earth's geology. Isotopic determination shows that the diorite age in this area is 2.043 billion years, the granite age is 65.438+0.027 billion years, and the composite age is 654 million-767 million years. The Ordovician marble covers its surface unconformity, and muscovite pegmatite is exposed at the edge of the rock mass. Granite intrudes into the pre-Sinian metamorphic rocks in central Jinning, which is an extremely rare geological garden in the world. In 2002, Longmenshan National Geopark was officially listed in jiulong town, Pengzhou. Longmenshan is one of the strong earthquake areas in Sichuan. Since A.D. 1 169, there have been 26 destructive earthquakes in * * *, including 20 earthquakes of magnitude 6 or above. On May 12, 2008, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau rose rapidly due to the subduction of the Indian plate to the Asian plate. The plateau material slowly flows eastward and squeezes eastward along the Longmenshan structural belt on the eastern edge of the plateau, encountering the tenacious resistance of the rigid block under the Sichuan Basin, resulting in the long-term accumulation of tectonic stress energy, and finally suddenly released in Beichuan-Yingxiu area of Longmenshan, resulting in an earthquake with a magnitude of 8.0 on the Richter scale (Wenchuan earthquake). Longmen Mountain, with windward slope and moist luster, is the famous rainstorm area in Reuters, Sichuan. The leeward slope of 3 1 1 has little rain and a very dry climate. The ethnic groups in Longmen, Shandong and Xipo are also different. Dongpo is the distribution area of Han nationality, while Xipo is the inhabited area of Qiang nationality. Longmen Mountain is also the origin of giant pandas and many rare animals. Beichuan Xiaozhaizigou Nature Reserve has been established, with an area of less than 1 1,000 hectares. The objects of protection are giant pandas, golden monkeys and green-tailed pheasants. Longmenshan is also rich in coal, iron, copper, pyrite, phosphorus, asbestos and limestone used in cement. Longmen Mountain Scenic Area Yinchanggou National Tourist Area Yinchanggou is located in the Longmen Mountain Scenic Area in the northwest of Pengzhou City, Chengdu, Sichuan Province. It is one of the main tourist attractions in Longmenshan Scenic Area, located in Longmenshan Town, Pengzhou City, kilometers away from Chengdu. Named after Liu Yuliang, the Heavenly Palace of Emperor Chongzhen of the Ming Dynasty opened a silver mine here. Yinchanggou is about meters above sea level, and the temperature is about 4℃ lower than that of Chengdu. The highest temperature in summer does not exceed 24℃, which makes you feel cooler and calmer at night. It is a natural resort with the highest altitude and the closest distance to Chengdu, which is a summer resort. In Yinchanggou, the peaks are green and the clouds are steaming in Xia Wei. The canyon is low and the old trees cover the sky. The swift river, swaying between the dense forest cliffs, adds an inexplicable mystery and solemnity to the canyon. The scenic spots have different scenery in four seasons. Rhododendrons are like the sea in spring, covered in silver in winter and lush in autumn in midsummer. Clear water is running and dancing. It is a classic representative of Shushan and Shushui. Longmen Mountain, where Yinchanggou is located, is the first national geological park announced by the state. Longmen Mountain in the scenic area has a famous nappe structure generation and rich strata. There are many Feilai peaks, ancient glacier relics and geological relics of typical stratigraphic sections, which are called geological museum Park. Yinchanggou is the essence of Longmenshan Grand Canyon Scenic Area, with steep peaks and criss-crossing clouds and deep valleys. Rapids, cliffs, to suspension bridge plank road, canyon rocks, waterfalls and rainbows are famous. jiufeng mountain
Jiufeng Mountain is 3315m above sea level. The sacred and mysterious area is a place where Taoism and Buddhism entertain themselves. As the ancients said, people who don't mean what they say often encounter wind, rain and lightning, and will not be spared or die a natural death. Jiu Feng is named after nine peaks. Qing Jiaqing's "Peng County Records" contains: "In the northwest, it is 160 miles. At this point, Qifeng depends on the sky, and nine people are towering. It is actually the crown of Pengyiqun Mountain, hence the name. " What shape is Jiu Feng? Jiaqing Zhili said, "White Qinglong, Suzaku, Flame, Tianya and Sino-Japanese backlit in the northeast of Jiu Feng, and Ren Xian, Huanglong, Yuan Wu and Baihu winding in the southwest." Jiu Feng is full of clouds and high into the sky. When the ancient Shu people didn't know the relationship between the sun and the earth, they thought that the tall and straight Jiu Feng blocked the way of the sun and the moon, and called the valley between Jiu Feng "Dream Valley" (where the sun slept). Some people who study Shan Hai Jing say that Jiufeng Mountain is the "Lingshan" in Wild West Jing. Wu Peng, tachileik, Wu Ji, Gu Wu, Zhen Wu, Wu Li, Wu Di, Wu Xie, Wu Luo and other ten wizards all came from here. There are all kinds of drugs here, and when it comes to heaven and earth, we should pick some to treat diseases. Therefore, this mountain is also called "ladder", "fairy road" and "fairyland on earth". Some people say that this mountain is the spirit of climbing, the spirit of climbing, the immortality of climbing, the storm of climbing and the immortality of medicine. Among the mountain peaks, the flame peak is particularly strange. In the meantime, there are deep canyons, waterfalls in groups, clear flowing springs, mountains and islands, colorful virgin forests and unpredictable clouds and Buddha's light. In spring, azaleas are in full bloom and look like sunrise. In winter, red is particularly enchanting. Taoist and Buddhist families compete for jobs. During the Northern Song Dynasty, it was already a scenic spot with pavilions, hidden trees and hidden bamboos in western Sichuan. Flame Peak has become the name of Jiufeng Mountain. The Jiufeng Mountain mentioned by later generations does not refer to nine peaks, but refers to flaming peaks. Many monks and sages in history stopped here. The story of the founder of Jiu Feng has been circulated since the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the past, Jiufeng Mountain feared the officials and the people, and it seemed that it was a matter of sincere desire for the mountains, so it blocked disasters for the people and prayed for rain and children. Temple materials are different, too many giant shingles are used in temples in the mountains.
Edit this paragraph 3. Longmenshan, surabaya county.
Located in the northwest of surabaya county, Shandong Province, 16 km, at the junction of Surabaya and Ningyang counties, with a total area of 4.2 square kilometers. The main peak is 568 meters above sea level, the second highest in surabaya county. Here, the peaks are stacked like nine dragons winding vertically and horizontally, and the journey is a huge C-shaped mountain, which shows the trend of playing the pearl of dragons, so it is called Longmen Mountain. Lingguang Temple is located at the southern foot of Longmen Mountain. It was founded in the Han Dynasty and rebuilt in the second year of Jin Dynasty (A.D. 1 142). According to legend, on the fifth day of October of a certain year, Shen Guang, the founder of Dharma, came to lecture and the Buddha was enlightened, hence the name "Lingguang Temple". It is said that Lingguang Temple is designed according to the Eight Diagrams of Zhouyi, with Longmen Mountain in the north, Chilongtan in the south, Xiulingtai in the east, Fairy Mountain after the Queen Mother, and Bailong around Phoenix Mountain in the west. There are no Liang Baodian and Guanyin Temple on the top of Lingguang Temple, and there are two pagodas, namely Jueling Pagoda and Ordinary Pagoda, which have passed away. Zhong Jian Daxiong Hall, Jialan Hall and Zushi Hall, in front of which is Tianwang Hall, which forms the central axis with the mountain gate; The East Bell Tower and the West Drum Tower are located on both sides of the King's Temple. In addition, there are more than 100 rooms, fragrant rooms, two corridors and secluded rooms, Zen forest, prayer hall, abbot's house and kitchen. There are 100 monks in the temple. The abbot, four captains and eight deacons are responsible for temple affairs. Most monasteries were destroyed except one in Kannonji. There are three Ming monuments, one Qing monument and two remnant monuments, and some Ming epitaphs. One of the ten scenic spots of Lingwu Surabaya in Longmen. Longmen Mountain, also known as Longmenkou and Luopang. Since ancient times, "it rains when clouds cross the Longmen" is a great spectacle today. Zhang Zuoyou, a scholar of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty and a magistrate of Surabaya County, said in a poem: "The twin peaks in the northwest are inserted into the shore, the steaming clouds are like golden dragons, the rain comforts life, and the dry draft returns to Vientiane Spring first." Therefore, it is regarded by Buddhists as a blessed place of Buddhism. Located at the foot of Longmen Mountain, Lingguang Temple was built in Yongping, Emperor Xiaoming of the Eastern Han Dynasty for three years. Li Bai and Du Fu, great poets in the Tang Dynasty, have climbed this mountain many times. Li Bai's famous sentence "Farewell for a few days, board the pool platform." When will Shimen Road open again? Eyes rested on Surabaya, and the sea was bright. Flying ceilings are far apart, and there are cups in their hands, which is well known so far. The tomb of King Zouping is located in Shanyang, Longmen, west of Lingguang Temple. According to historical inscriptions, Zou Ping, Wang Jing and Wang Tai are the great-grandchildren of Zhu Yuanzhang, the Ming emperor. Zou Ping, Wang Dang, Zou Ping, Rong 'an, Wang Jiandang, Zou Ping, Gong Jing, Wang Guan, Zou Ping, Kang Shun, Wang Yizai and other four to nine generations are all great-grandchildren of Zhu Yuanzhang. Because seven princes of the Ming Dynasty were buried here, it is commonly known as the Seven Tombs. Therefore, the village south of the tomb was named Wang Tomb, and now it is renamed Longmen Mountain Villa. General Cemetery Ming Guo Fu General Cemetery is located at the foot of North Huilong Mountain in Wangfen Village. It was discovered on February 20th, 2006. 1993. The tomb was buried with the second-class wife Zhang Guan, the seventh-generation grandson of Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty. Precious cultural relics such as gold ornaments, agate jade, seven-star Gu Jian, hexagonal porcelain pots and epitaphs were unearthed in the tomb. According to legend, in the third year of Tianshun (AD 1330), Lao Lu Gong came to Lingguang Temple with gold and built two cloisters in the temple. In the northeast of Kannonji, he planted seven apricot kernels and grew two apricot trees, which have grown to this day. This kind of apricot is not only delicious, but also said to be able to get rid of diseases and strengthen the body. In addition, there are natural wonders such as Chilongtan, Jiangjunshi, Jiguan Mountain, Story Well and Future Fragrance.
Edit paragraph 4. Longmen Mountain, Pingshun County, Shanxi Province
Longmen Mountain is located 50 kilometers northeast of Pingshun County, with the main peak at an altitude of 1700 meters. This mountain is steep. Because of the confrontation between the two mountains, the rocks in the valley protrude like bibcock, hence the name. There is Longmen Temple on the mountainside, which was built in the first year of Tianbao in Northern Qi Dynasty. After the transformation, there are buildings such as Tianwang Hall and Daxiong Hall. Longmen Mountain, Hongti Mountain, Fengziling, Nantianmen and its Shangjindengsi Grottoes form a scenic group in the east of Pingshun County. Fengziling towering into the sky, can turn the wind and rain; If the Red Tianshan Road is a ladder, there is an ancient road on it, and the Nantianmen faces the deep on three sides, with only one passage; The Golden Lantern Temple was shrouded in mist. It seems to be nine days.
Edit paragraph 5. Longmen Mountain, Hangzhou, Zhejiang
Longmenshan, Zhejiang
From Beifeng to the west, cross Ren Mei Peak to Longmen Mountain. Landscape map of Longmen Mountain in Hangzhou, Zhejiang (15) The south of Longmen Mountain is Xiaoxitian Jiulong Eight Pagoda Scenic Area, and the north is Dahua dock. "Longmen Mountain is located in Xixi Qinxian Township, Qiantang County. It is high and steep, with Longchi Temple on it. " Longmen Mountain, also known as Shishan Mountain, is 36 1 m above sea level, 47 meters higher than Beifeng Mountain, and is the highest peak in Xixi Mountain. Longmenshan is the most exposed rock, which is steep and steep. The color map of Huguang Mountain records that Longmen Mountain is "high and steep, with the top stone facing the door." Datong in the northwest, Xiyuanfeng in the southwest, and the source of Beijian River. Seen from a distance, the two huge top stones on the mountain face each other like a door and are shaped like a dragon gate. According to legend, it is a place where Prince Dragon King of the East China Sea practices and is a scenic spot. Among the Xixi Mountains, Longmen is magnificent and unique.
Edit paragraph 6. Longmen Mountain, Pujiang County, Zhejiang Province
Longmen Mountain is divided into three branches, extending from west to east, and the north branch is between the northwest of Pujiang County and Jiande and Tonglu. The mountains are undulating, mostly in the middle and low, and Chaotianmen, which borders Tonglu City, is the highest point in the county, with an altitude of1050m. The middle branch, commonly known as Beishan, is the natural dividing line between Pujiang Basin and the northwest mountainous area. The south branch winds between the south of the county seat and Lanxi and Yiwu, commonly known as Nanshan, and extends to the northeast of Zhengjiawu, commonly known as Pudongshan. Pujiang basin is located between the middle, south and Pudong mountains.
Edit paragraph 7. Longmen Mountain where Dayu harnesses water.
At that time, there was a mountain in the middle reaches of the Yellow River called Longmen Mountain (in the northwest of Hejin County, Shanxi Province). It blocked the road to the river and made it very narrow. The river running eastward is blocked by Longmen Mountain, which often overflows the river and causes floods. When Yu got there, he observed the terrain, led people to dig the Longmen, and made a big hole in the mountain. In this way, the river is unimpeded. Later generations praised Yu's achievements in water control and called him Dayu. [ 1]
Edit paragraph 8. Xuzhou jiawang Longmen mountain
Xuzhou Jiawang Longmen Mountain is at the junction of Jiawang Town and Taierzhuang District in Shandong Province. There is also a Longmen Village in Jiawang Town. Recently, members of the China National Studies Association have learned an important discovery, that is, Longmen Mountain in Jiawang (also called Huangqiushan in Shandong) is the hometown of the Chinese ancestor Huangdi. Wang Mi in Taierzhuang, Shandong Province found a large number of quotations, including Shi Ben, Yanzhou County Records, Yixian County Records, Shandong Tongzhi and other ancient books, which were verified by textual research of place names. It is clearly recorded in Yanzhou County Records written by Yu, a great scholar in Wanli period of Ming Dynasty that Shouqiu, the birthplace of the Yellow Emperor, is in the north of Huangqiu Mountain. "Yanzhou County Records" records: "(Huangqiushan) is 60 miles south of the county seat. According to legend, Huangdi Shouqiu is in the north of the mountain, Longquan flows out from the mountain, passes through the north of Huangqiu and enters the new river. " "Yi County Records" records: "In the north of Huangqiu Mountain, there is a huge hill named' Huangqiu' and Huangdi Mausoleum. In Song and Yuan Dynasties, there were monuments, and firewood mining was forbidden. It was destroyed between Jiajing and Jiajing. " In other words, Huangqiu is not only the birthplace of the Yellow Emperor, but also the Mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor. The Song and Yuan Dynasties erected a monument here to prohibit mining, and even specially placed tomb guards to guard the Huangdi Mausoleum. In the Song Dynasty, when ethnic contradictions were particularly prominent, this was the best annotation made by the central government for the Longmenshan Mausoleum near Jiawang. Longmen Mountain, also known as Huanglong Mountain, is the Huangqiushan mentioned in the history books and the main peak of today's Huangqiushan suite. Longmen Mountain is located at the junction of Longmen Village of Jiawang Town and Huangqiu Village of Zhang Shanzi Town, Taierzhuang District, Zaozhuang City, Shandong Province, with an altitude of 260.4 meters and limestone geology. There are two springs in the northwest, one in the south, and a large area of forest. Longmen Mountain was also Nanyue in the era of the Yellow Emperor. Huangdi's surname is Jishi, and he lives in Jishui. Now it is Longjiang in Longmen Mountain. In ancient times, Longjiang was also regarded as a water source. Water originated in the hometown of the Yellow Emperor. Speaking of Zhuolu, the old capital of the Yellow Emperor, people will naturally think of Zhuolu County, Hebei Province. In fact, Zhuolu is not in Hebei, but at the foot of Yangti Mountain near Longmen. The pre-Qin ancient book Shi Ben records: "Zhuolu is in Pengcheng, and Huangdi is the capital." Pengcheng is not Xuzhou today, but next to He Peng. He Peng is actually water, named after Yan Di's mother, An Deng. Yangti Mountain is located on the west bank of today's Longhe River, which is the upper reaches of He Peng. So why did Pengcheng change its name to Zhuolu? That's because after Emperor Yan ascended the throne, Yangti Mountain was taken care of by Chiyou. Chiyou called Yangti Mountain Turbid Mountain, and Pengcheng was at the foot of Turbid Mountain, so it was renamed Zhuolu. Emperor Yan was born and buried in Yangshan, now Yangti Mountain, and Emperor Huang was born and buried in Shouqiu, now Huangqiu. At present, the "forced ancient city" excavated was originally named "Pengcheng". Zhuolu, the capital in his later years, Huangdi in his early years, Diqiu, the capital of Zhuan Xu, Dayu in Xia Dynasty, and Yangcheng in Houguo are all here. Taierzhuang Canal was called "He Peng" in ancient times, also known as "water"; The Longjiang River, which originated in Longmen Mountain and flows through Huangqiu and the ancient city of Forced Yang, is the "Jishui" ancient road where the Yellow Emperor tribe lived. Jia Wang Longmen Mountain, so this is the root of the Chinese nation.