Bureaucratic mansions are also very different. The building in Little Shenyang is very grand. Generally, a small official may only have a small quadrangle, and some even can't afford it.
There is also a big gap between the houses of ordinary residents. Although some wealthy businessmen in Beijing can't go beyond the organizational rules of houses, their buildings are of high quality and their houses are small and exquisite. In the past, the residences of Beijing opera celebrities were generally the same.
Ordinary citizens have different houses because of their different economic incomes. Few people in this class can live in decent quadrangles, and some of the houses they live in are not standard quadrangles because of the limitation of housing base, shape and area.
Many poor people in Beijing are crowded into several or more houses. This kind of hospital is called a miscellaneous hospital or a miscellaneous hospital. There are many miscellaneous hospitals in zhushikou, Flower Market and Taoranting in the south, and areas near the city wall in the north, east and west.
There are many people in the compound and the environment is not good, but the neighbors in the compound live together, just like a family. Doors and windows are opposite, and daily life affects each other. Of course, in such an environment, because everyone's quality is mixed, there will inevitably be intrigue and intrigue. This is like a big stage of life, a living social reality.
Beijing quadrangles pay attention to geomantic omen.
Beijing Siheyuan is famous not only because of its novel pattern, not only because it is a residential building, but also because it contains profound cultural connotations and is the carrier of China traditional culture.
The construction of quadrangles pays great attention to geomantic omen. From site selection to determining the specific scale of each building, we should study it according to the theory of geomantic omen.
Geomantic omen theory is actually an ancient architectural environmentology in China and an important part of China's traditional architectural theory. This theory of geomantic omen has become the basis for guiding ancient architectural activities in China for thousands of years. Besides geomantic theory, the decoration, sculpture and painting of quadrangles are also related to folk customs and traditional culture, which shows people's pursuit of happiness, beauty, prosperity and auspiciousness under specific historical conditions. For example, the pattern composed of bats and longevity characters means "longevity", and the pattern of Chinese rose in the vase means "peace in the four seasons". Auspicious words embedded in the door tube and the door head, couplets pasted on the eaves column, and excellent paintings and calligraphy hung indoors are all ancient teachings collected by ancient sages and philosophers, using ancient and modern famous sentences, or praising the beauty of mountains and rivers.
The condition for old Beijingers to choose housing is "having money to live in the southeast room, not warm in winter and not cool in summer". Moreover, numbers and location and some special objects play an important role in Beijing's life, and old Beijingers can't help but pay attention to choosing a house. Beijingers call the courtyard where the living live a mansion, which symbolizes vitality and vigor. The cemetery where the dead are buried is called a ghost house. Yin houses generally plant pine trees and cypresses, symbolizing the immortality of the dead. In addition, planting pine and cypress trees can also protect graves. In addition, planting trees next to graves makes it easy to find the graves of relatives.
Old Beijingers never put pine and cypress trees in quadrangles, even the best mulberry trees in mulberries. As for crisp and refreshing pears, their trees will not be planted in the front yard and backyard. Probably "mulberry" and "mourning", "pear" and "leaving" are homophones, which is ominous. There is a saying in Beijing: "Mulberry, pine, cypress, pear and Huai are not allowed to enter the government." This is a fact.
Therefore, there are many kinds of houses in Beijing, such as Xifu Begonia, Lintong Pomegranate and Chuntao Jujube, so that you can enjoy flowers in spring, enjoy the cool in summer and enjoy early fruits in autumn. "Spring blossoms and autumn fruits" are the remarkable characteristics of the trees in old Beijing residential buildings.
The ground in the yard is lower than that in the alley and the street, which is also taboo for Beijingers. The reason is that entering the door is like falling into a pit, while going out from low to high is like climbing a mountain, which is obviously unlucky. In addition, in numbers, the singular is unlucky, which is unacceptable to most people. Buy a pair of boxes, two chairs, a pair of hats and so on. But there are also odd numbers, such as the north room, or three rooms, or five rooms. Where there are four rooms, it is necessary to build three large rooms, half on each side, which is called "four broken five" As for the east wing and the west wing, three rooms are the most important. The purpose is to create a central axis in the architectural combination of the courtyard, which is like the backbone of people and the most important source of geomantic omen in the courtyard. Because of this, even numbers will not be favored by people in Beijing's residential buildings. So there is a saying in Beijing that "four or six is not bad".