1. Shade-tolerant woody plants
1. Illicium verum (Araliaceae) is an evergreen shrub. Tufted spherical crown with dark green leaves, flowering from October to November and fruiting from March to April. It is extremely resistant to shade and humidity, and likes warm and humid climate. It can be widely planted in outdoor shade and can also be used as potted plants in darker rooms in the Yangtze River basin and south areas. This variety can be propagated by cutting and sowing. When half of the fruits turn black in late April, they can be picked. After harvesting, rub the seeds while the meat is still wet, dry them in the shade and sow them in the shade or on the seedbed.
2. Mahonia (plant name, Berberidaceae) is an evergreen shrub with yellow flowers and purplish red new shoots, which is widely planted in the open air under the shade in the Yangtze River basin and south area. This variety can be used for cutting and sowing to breed seedlings.
3. Ficus pumila (Ficus of Moraceae) is a rattan evergreen shrub with long oval leaves and thick leathery roots. The Ficus pumila is a climbing plant, which can also be planted creeping under the tree shade for floor greening, wall greening or slope protection and revetment greening. Ficus pumila has low requirements for soil. Cuttings or buried strips can be used for breeding, and less sowing is used for breeding seedlings.
4. Trachelospermum (Trachelospermum, Apocynaceae), an evergreen woody vine with opposite leaves, white flowers, long flowering period, and fragrance from April to July. Stems with aerial roots can be attached to plants or walls for growth, and are often used for vertical greening. It can also be used to pave the ground under the forest for greening. The planting area is wide, which can be widely planted in the south of the Yellow River Basin. Resistant to shade and cold. Seeding, cutting and layering breeding are commonly used, and cutting is commonly used to breed seedlings in production.
5. Cold ivy (Araliaceae), an evergreen woody vine of the genus Ivy, with alternate leaves, leathery, triangular shape, often five-lobed, dark green leaves, and aerial roots climbing on the stem. It is extremely resistant to shade and cold, and has no strict requirements on soil. It is often used for slope protection and greening of walls and mountains along highways. It can also be used for paving and greening under the tree shade, with less pests and diseases and convenient management. Cutting propagation is commonly used in production.
6. Sorbaria sorbifolia (Rosaceae), a deciduous shrub, has odd pinnate compound leaves, small leaves opposite, small white flowers, beautiful leaves from June to August, long flowering period, strong anti-pollution ability and lax requirements for soil. Shade-tolerant and cold-tolerant, it can be planted in North China and South China. Used as shade-tolerant ornamental plants under the shade. This variety can be sown and propagated.
2. Perennial shade-tolerant herbs
1. Lycoris radiata (Amaryllidaceae) is a perennial grass flower with spherical bulbs, leaves about 35 cm long, dark green leaves, scapes extracted from the leaves, and the flowering period is from August to October, and the colors are bright red, pink, yellow and white. It is suitable for humid environment, cold-resistant, and can be used as a ground cover flower under the garden forest. Because the ground part will wither from June to July and there will be no leaves at flowering, it has better matching effect with other flowers and plants. Reproduce with bulbs.
2. Iris (Iris, Iridaceae) is a perennial grass flower, with a plant height of 3 to 6 cm, sword-shaped leaves, pale green flowers, 2 to 3 blue flowers, and a strong cold tolerance and a preference for humid environment. It can be planted in flower beds and flower borders in landscaping, and can also be planted as shade-tolerant plants under forests. Breeding by dividing plants or sowing.
3. Ophiopogon japonicus (Ophiopogon, Ophiopogon, Ophiopogon, Ophiopogon, Ophiopogon, Ophiopogon japonicus) is a perennial herb with linear leaves, slender stolons, scape of 6 to 12 cm, and flowering from August to September. Cold-resistant and shade-tolerant, evergreen in all seasons, with green leaves and strong vitality, it can be used as a flower bed and grass edge in landscaping, and can also be planted under the shade. Plant breeding is often carried out in March to April in production, and it can also be sown in early spring.
4. Orchids (Orchidaceae) are perennial herbs with banded leaves, and there are thousands of species. There are varieties with flowers all year round, which like warm and humid climate, are tolerant of shade and cold, and naturally grow under dark and humid stands. They can be used as edging for flower beds or planted under trees. It can be propagated by plant or tissue culture.
Third, other shade plants suitable for potted plants can choose ferns or partial arrowheads. Among ferns, such as: Pteris fulva, Pteris Pteris, Adiantum, Nephropteris, Pteris Boston, etc. Arrowroot plants such as velvet arrowroot, hairy arrowroot, wave arrowroot, leopard arrowroot, etc.