Because China is still in the primary stage of socialism, the economic and social development in various places is unbalanced, and the contradiction between urban and rural dual structure is prominent. Although new progress has been made in compulsory education in recent years, the gap between urban and rural areas, between regions and between schools still exists, and it tends to expand in some places and aspects, which has become a problem that needs high attention in the development of compulsory education. In order to further promote the balanced development of compulsory education, the following opinions are put forward on related work.
First, unify thinking and understanding and put the balanced development of compulsory education in an important position.
1. Education administrative departments at all levels should fully understand the important role of promoting the balanced development of compulsory education in building a harmonious socialist society from the perspective of practicing Theory of Three Represents and implementing Scientific Outlook on Development, regard this work as an important task to realize the development of compulsory education after the "two basics", study and put forward the objectives, tasks, implementation steps and policies and measures to promote the balanced development of compulsory education in this region, and incorporate them into the overall planning of local education reform and development. At present, we should conscientiously implement the working policy of "consolidating, deepening, improving and developing", further focus on running every school well and paying attention to the healthy growth of every child, effectively curb the widening educational gap between urban and rural areas, between regions and between schools, actively improve the running conditions of rural schools and weak schools in cities and towns, and gradually realize the balanced development of compulsory education.
2. Education administrative departments at all levels should actively strive for the strong support of the government and relevant departments, establish and improve the public finance system to ensure the balanced development of compulsory education, and at the same time, based on their own work, strive to promote the balanced development of compulsory education by formulating and improving various educational policies and measures; While carefully organizing and implementing major national compulsory education projects and projects, we will focus on promoting the balanced development of compulsory education in counties (cities, districts) and strive to gradually promote it in a wider scope; While promoting the all-round development of compulsory education, we should put improving the quality of rural school education and transforming weak schools in cities and towns in a more important position; While implementing the overall requirements for the balanced development of compulsory education, we should persist in seeking truth from facts, adjust measures to local conditions, and create effective practices and experiences in line with local conditions. Conditional areas should also promote the balanced development of preschool education and high school education at the same time.
Two, take active measures to gradually narrow the gap between school conditions.
3 provincial education administrative departments shall, according to the relevant provisions of the state and the local actual situation, formulate or improve the basic requirements for running schools in the compulsory education stage in this region. For weak schools and counties (cities, districts) whose local school conditions are lower than the basic requirements, it is necessary to formulate a transformation plan within a time limit, concentrate on speeding up the transformation process of weak schools, and reduce the number of weak schools within their jurisdiction year by year as soon as possible. It is necessary to give full play to the radiation-driven role of public schools with high-quality educational resources, and adopt ways such as integrating, reorganizing and sharing educational resources with weak schools to promote the transformation of weak schools. It is necessary to adapt to the new situation of accelerating urbanization, adjusting rural organizational system and population changes in various places, rationally allocate public education resources, and appropriately adjust and cancel a number of weak schools with insufficient students, poor school conditions and low education quality when building, expanding and rebuilding schools, so as to solve the problem of large class sizes in towns, counties and surrounding schools with concentrated population.
4. The education administrative departments at all levels shall, under the unified leadership of the local government and in conjunction with relevant departments, give priority to ensuring the funds needed to promote the balanced development of compulsory education. It is necessary to effectively implement the requirements of the "three growth" of education funds and that the new education funds are mainly used in rural areas, adopt preferential policies for the transformation of weak schools in terms of funding investment, and give priority to the transformation of weak schools in urban education surcharges.
5. The provincial education administrative department shall, jointly with relevant departments, further adjust the expenditure structure of education funds, focus on supporting the development of compulsory education in rural areas, poverty-stricken areas and ethnic minority areas, increase the special transfer payment for education in economically disadvantaged areas, and urge the implementation of the basic standard of public funds for primary and secondary school students in the region and the standard of per capita public funds within the budget. At the same time, the county level should strengthen the overall planning of all kinds of education funds, do everything possible to increase investment in rural schools and weak schools in cities and towns, and effectively improve the conditions for running schools in rural schools and weak schools in cities and towns.
6. Adhere to the compulsory education stage in which public schools are admitted to the nearest school without examination, take practical measures to accelerate the balanced development of compulsory education, strengthen education management according to law, further standardize school-running behavior, and effectively curb the spread of school selection in the compulsory education stage. In the stage of compulsory education, public schools may not hold or hold key schools in disguise. It is not allowed to change public schools with high-quality educational resources into private schools or implement high fees in the name of restructuring. Education administrative departments at all levels should correctly guide all kinds of high-quality schools to play an exemplary role in fully implementing quality education, strengthening the construction of teachers and striving to improve the quality of education. It is strictly forbidden to compare with each other in hardware construction.
Three, co-ordinate teacher resources, strengthen the construction of rural schools and urban weak schools.
7. The education administrative department at the county level shall perform the management functions of rural primary and secondary school teachers' qualification identification, recruitment, professional title evaluation, training, deployment, exchange and assessment according to law, and strengthen the overall management and rational allocation of teachers' resources within its jurisdiction. In strict accordance with the relevant regulations, all primary and secondary schools should be equipped with qualified teachers with good quality and quantity. When approving the establishment of teachers, we should give priority to rural schools, and new teachers should give priority to meeting the needs of rural schools and weak schools in cities and towns. It is necessary to take various effective measures to establish a system of regional roving teaching for backbone teachers, mobile teaching for professional teachers in short supply, and teaching service period for urban teachers in rural schools, actively guide surplus teachers in overstaffed schools to flow to rural schools without overstaffed teachers, and effectively solve the problems of insufficient teachers and low overall level in rural schools. Effective measures should be taken to realize equal pay for similar teachers in the same area, gradually increase the proportion of rural primary and secondary school teachers in the appointment and recognition of senior professional positions, and strive to improve the treatment of teachers working in rural areas.
8. All localities should strive to increase the funding for teacher training and strengthen the training of backbone teachers in rural schools and weak schools in cities and towns. It is necessary to organize normal colleges, ordinary universities and teacher training institutions, and increase the training of teachers in rural schools and weak schools in cities and towns. It is necessary to explore new ways and means of training, actively promote the modern distance education project in rural primary and secondary schools and the teacher network connection plan, give full play to the role of modern information technology and computer network in teacher training, and enhance the pertinence, effectiveness and universality of training. Help rural schools and weak schools in cities and towns to establish a school-based research system. Take active and effective measures to stabilize the backbone teachers in rural schools and weak schools in cities and towns.
Fourth, establish an effective mechanism to improve the quality of education and teaching in each school.
9. All localities should comprehensively promote quality education and comprehensively improve the quality of education as the fundamental task of promoting the balanced development of compulsory education. When formulating policies, allocating resources and arranging funds, priority should be given to ensuring the need to improve the quality of education and teaching. We should actively create conditions to ensure that all schools offer courses in accordance with the requirements of the compulsory education curriculum plan to meet the basic teaching requirements. All schools should conscientiously implement the national curriculum plan, and must not occupy music, sports, fine arts, social practice and other courses. We should face all students, take various measures to give more help to students with learning difficulties, and strive to make all students make progress together.
10. Education administrative departments at all levels should gradually establish a standardized, scientific and institutionalized teaching quality monitoring and evaluation system and teaching guidance system for compulsory education. It is necessary to organize inspectors and relevant experts to regularly supervise and inspect the quality of school education and teaching. It is necessary to organize teaching and research personnel and excellent teachers to give professional guidance to some schools with low quality of education and teaching, and when necessary, send experienced educational administrative cadres and principals to these schools for temporary employment to change the backward appearance as soon as possible.
1 1. All localities should vigorously develop modern distance education as an important measure to promote the balanced development of compulsory education, increase the development and integration of educational resources, and promote the enjoyment of high-quality resources in compulsory education. Vigorously promote the application of modern educational technology in teaching, the central and western regions should first popularize multimedia-assisted teaching on the basis of applying teaching CDs, and comprehensively improve the quality of teachers and the quality of education and teaching in rural schools.
Five, the implementation of various policies, and effectively protect the disadvantaged students to receive compulsory education.
12. All localities should conscientiously implement various policies of the state to subsidize students from poor families. Do a good job in government procurement of free textbooks for compulsory education in rural areas, strive to reduce costs, ensure timely distribution, and use textbooks of the same quality in the same area. Establish an effective mechanism to effectively implement the funds for exempting students from poor families from tuition fees and providing necessary living allowances for boarders in rural compulsory education.
13. Give priority to the development of public schools, conscientiously do a good job in compulsory education for the children of migrant workers, and earnestly implement the policy of "equal treatment" for fees. It is necessary to strengthen the support and management of private schools that mainly accept the children of migrant workers. Local education administrative departments and schools at all levels should take targeted measures to solve the problems and difficulties of "left-behind children" left by rural migrant workers in thought, study and life in time.
14. Compulsory education for disabled children and adolescents should be effectively incorporated into the work of "two basics" to attack and consolidate, and the popularization of compulsory education for disabled children and adolescents should be continuously improved. It is necessary to give priority to ensuring that disabled children and adolescents in rural areas enjoy the policy of "two exemptions and one subsidy" and strive to improve the conditions for running special education schools.
Six, the establishment of monitoring and evaluation system, and effectively promote the balanced development of compulsory education.
15. The county-level education administrative department shall establish and improve the monitoring system for the balanced development of compulsory education, regularly monitor and analyze the gap between compulsory education schools within its jurisdiction, and announce it to the public in an appropriate way and accept social supervision.
16. The National Education Steering Group will establish a supervision and evaluation system for the balanced development of compulsory education, study and formulate a supervision and evaluation index system, evaluate the balanced development of compulsory education in various places, supervise and inspect the work of local people's governments at all levels to promote the balanced development of compulsory education, and take the evaluation results as an important indicator for evaluating local education. The supervision departments of the people's governments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government should regard the balanced development of compulsory education as an important part of the supervision and evaluation of the education work of the people's governments at the county level, and the results of the supervision and evaluation should be regarded as an important part of the performance evaluation of leading cadres and the basis for commendation and awards.