What major do you want to study with an American green card?
What are the benefits of getting a green card?
The American permanent resident card, also known as the green card, is an ID card used to prove that foreigners have permanent resident status in the United States.
"Getting a green card" refers to the immigration process of becoming a permanent resident.
The legal permanent residency of green card holders is an official immigration benefit, including conditional permission to stay in the United States and get a job.
Specifically, there are these:
1. Every family member can freely enter and leave the United States at any time and live in the United States, that is, permanent residency;
2. Children studying in colleges and universities can pay tuition fees like citizens;
3. Students can work legally at school;
4. Enjoy employment opportunities with outstanding advantages;
5. You can enjoy social welfare such as attending public schools, medical security and social life security.
It is suggested that when choosing a major to study in the United States, you can pay more attention to the following four majors:
Natural sciences: biology, life sciences, chemistry, geology, geophysics, physics and astronomy.
Engineering: aviation, aerospace engineering, architecture, environmental design, chemical engineering, civil engineering, computer system engineering.
Technology: computer science, data and information processing, electrical machinery, electronic engineering technology, production technology, mechanical engineering technology.
Math: Math, statistics.
What majors are suitable for science and engineering students?
Financial mathematics
Mathematics and computer background, which is one of the most important factors in recruiting students for the hottest financial engineering major.
Financial engineering is an interdisciplinary subject which combines finance, mathematics and computer science. Its courses are usually taught jointly by the mathematics department of business school and the engineering college of university, and the courses focus on the financial field.
Therefore, the depth goes far beyond the MBA finance course. To apply for a master's degree in financial engineering, you don't need work experience, but you must take two courses-calculus and statistics.
physics
Physics mainly studies matter, energy, space and time, especially their respective properties and relationships.
Applicants with a bachelor's degree background in physics and engineering can apply for graduate programs in American physics, which require some courses related to mechanics, electromagnetism, atomic physics, quantum mechanics and thermodynamics.
Computer science major
Computers can be combined with many other disciplines, including biology, chemistry, engineering, medicine, physics and so on. , forming a variety of disciplines such as software engineering and information management.
Computer major attaches great importance to the undergraduate foundation and R&D ability of applicants. Considering your own knowledge base, in addition to higher undergraduate scores and GRE scores (some schools also require GRE Sub), if you have your own research and development products, the application is very favorable.
chemistry
Chemistry is to study the composition, reaction, microscopic and macroscopic structure of matter and the changes of chemical processes, and to describe and simulate those phenomena theoretically and experimentally.
Students who apply for chemistry major should have a bachelor's degree in chemistry, or a degree in chemistry related majors, such as pharmacy, biology, medicine, chemical engineering, materials science and engineering, etc.
biology
Biology is a natural science that studies life and living things. Various fields in biology are closely related to each other and other disciplines.
According to the American Catalogue of Discipline and Specialty (CIP- 20 10), biology-related majors are set under the discipline group of biology and biomedical sciences, with academic degree education as the mainstay. Therefore, most schools tend to recruit doctors, and only a few schools have set up masters.
Electronic engineering major
Electrical/Electronic, abbreviated as EE, has always been one of the hottest majors in engineering colleges. However, judging from the enrollment in recent years, the application results of most applicants are still satisfactory.
Generally speaking, TOEFL IBT should not be lower than 92, and GPA should not be lower than 3.0. At the same time, if the applicant can improve his research and practical experience, he can still occupy a place in the fierce competition.
Compared with business, law and other majors, EE has a higher chance of winning scholarships, but the competition is fierce.
mechanical engineering major
Whether in the United States or at home, the employment forms of mechanical engineering graduates are very good.
The overall scholarship situation of mechanical engineering is in the middle of all applied disciplines in the United States, which is not as intense as EE, CS, MBA, business and economics, nor as easy to get scholarships as basic disciplines such as physics, mathematics and chemistry or other unpopular disciplines (such as paper technology and safety engineering).
mathematics
Relatively speaking, mathematics is widely used, not only in natural science, engineering and industrial production, but also in medicine and commerce. The employment prospect of mathematics major is actually very good. Almost all fields need talents majoring in mathematics and statistics. Graduates can work in all walks of life. Insurance, banking, real estate, medicine and other industries are all very good places for development.
One of the branches has a wider range of statistical applications, and often the annual salary of master graduates can exceed 60 thousand to 80 thousand dollars. Moreover, because of the shortage of professionals, many excellent mathematics doctors can become assistant professors without being postdocs.
If we can combine other majors, we will have greater market competitiveness. Can be engaged in enterprise operations research work and research, as enterprise consultants, financial, securities analysts, teachers, etc.
If you want to stay in the United States, the following information is also an important reference.
1, liberal arts: less opportunities
It is difficult for liberal arts graduates to find jobs in the United States. The so-called liberal arts students mainly refer to social science students, including art students and education students.
American students are not interested in studying science and engineering, the number of engineers trained in the United States is insufficient, the high-tech industry in the United States has a great demand for highly skilled workers, and foreign science and engineering students are very popular.
American native students study more business and liberal arts, and their cultural background, language advantages and personal connections are far from comparable to those of foreign students. In addition, government departments that need liberal arts students generally only recruit American citizens or permanent residents, leaving much less choice for liberal arts students.
2. Two kinds of internships: it is conducive to finding a job.
The United States provides two internship opportunities for foreign students related to their majors:
CPT is a work internship applied during school, and OPT is a work internship that can be applied during school or after graduation.
CPT internship at school should be part-time, otherwise one year's internship will be deducted from OCP in the future.
OPT internship can be carried out after one year of study, but usually after graduation.
The internship period of OPT is 12 months, but STEM students can apply for an extension of 17 months, so the total internship period is 29 months.
OPT is not only an important stage to accumulate work experience, but also a golden age to find professional jobs.
3. Find an internship: There are many ways to choose.
When you are inexperienced and your resume is not good, professor recommendation is the best channel:
There are two kinds of career centers: schools and universities, which often publish news about internships and jobs.
Remember to ask the teacher of careercenter how to subscribe to formal career information when entering school. Large companies have their own InternshipProgram, some only in summer vacation, and some are rolling recruitment.
Mixer can also be divided into several types, including getting together with my brothers and sisters and getting together with classmates at the same level or in the same city.
You can go online to find people with similar interests, or people who work in industries you are interested in, and then come out to get together with them, and you can get internship opportunities inadvertently.
Linkedin is also an important tool, and HR of many big companies spend some time watching LinkedIn every day.
Job recruitment in the United States attaches great importance to work experience.
Internship in the United States is the best time to accumulate work experience. For many students studying in the United States, if they can find internship opportunities in the United States, it will add luster to their careers.
4. EB-2: There are many applications from international students.
International students who have obtained a degree in the United States apply for the second priority in the professional immigration category (EB-2). You must have a master's degree or a doctorate. There is also the third priority (EB-3), which does not require a postgraduate degree. To deal with these two types of immigrants, you must go through the difficulties of work permit.
The employer who applies for your green card must submit an application to the Labor Department to prove that no ready-made American citizen or permanent resident meets the basic requirements or is willing to accept the employment of the employee. This job has to employ foreigners, and such employment will not adversely affect the salary and working environment of American employees engaged in similar jobs.
The employer also promises that the work is not temporary and the salary paid is not lower than the general salary level of this kind of work. If the work permit is approved and the green light is given, the employer can successfully apply for a green card from the immigration office for you.
5. excellent talent migration: EB- 1 and EB-2 special projects.
If you are an outstanding talent, researcher, professor, etc. , you can apply for the first priority (EB- 1), or you can prove that your work is in the national interest of the United States, then you can apply for the special project in the second priority (EB-2), that is, the national interest is exempt from immigration. Neither application requires a work permit.
28.6% of the annual global immigrant visa quota in the United States, that is, about 40,000 immigrant visas, plus unused quotas for special immigrants and investment immigrants, is used for "first priority" immigrants.
6. Relatives migration: get a green card through marriage.
Your relatives are American citizens, and international students can apply for a green card. Relatives of American citizens include parents, children and brothers and sisters. If an international student marries an American citizen, he can usually get an American green card within a few months, but this green card is usually a temporary green card valid for two years.
During the working period with H 1-B visa, the company can apply for becoming a permanent resident for itself and get the so-called green card.
If you have difficulties, you can only find a job in a unit that is willing to apply for a green card. Such immigrants are called professional immigrants.
7. If the company has overseas branches, it can apply for assignment.
Worked in other countries for at least one year before leaving the United States and returned to the United States through L- 1B visa. L- 1B visa has no quota limit, but you can't change jobs. Work in the United States can continue to participate in the H- 1B lottery, and you can jump ship after winning the prize.
8. Find a job directly in a non-profit organization.
Some non-profit organizations, universities and affiliated scientific research institutions in the United States can apply for work visas for employees. Moreover, there are no quota restrictions on the work visas of these institutions.
However, the salary of this kind of job is lower. If you want to switch to industry in the future, you still have to find a job before mid-March, and take part in the H-1 B lottery that started in April. The work can only start in June 65438+1 October1.
Of course, non-profit organizations and scientific research institutions are also eligible to apply for a green card for you. If you plan to stay for a few more years, you can change jobs after getting a green card.
9. apply for O- 1 visa.
Similar to EB 1, the applicant for O- 1 visa must also have outstanding talents in the fields of science, art, education, business or sports, and the O- 1 visa needs the support of the employer.
10, apply for investment immigration green card.
Like EB 1, investing in immigration EB5 is also a way to get a green card, with a minimum capital requirement of 500,000 US dollars.
However, since it is an investment, we must know fairly well and plan for profit and loss.