How to design a questionnaire survey

1. The function of the questionnaire: ① It can correctly reflect the purpose and specific problems of the survey, highlight the key points, make the respondents willing to cooperate, and help to achieve the purpose of the survey. (2) Being able to correctly record and reflect the facts answered by the respondents and provide correct information. ③ A unified questionnaire is also convenient for statistics and collation of data. Questionnaire design is an important part of the survey. In order to get useful information, you need to ask accurate questions. To design a perfect questionnaire, we should do some interviews in advance, draw up the first draft, and then modify it into a formal questionnaire after experimental investigation in advance. 2. Components of the questionnaire A formal questionnaire generally includes the following three parts: Part I: Preface. Mainly explain the theme, purpose and significance of the survey, and express gratitude to the respondents. Part II: Text. This is the main part of the questionnaire, and some questions are generally designed for respondents to answer. Part III: Appendix. This part can register the relevant information of the respondents and collect information for further statistical analysis. 3. Questionnaires: Questionnaires can be divided into the following two forms: (1) closed questions, that is, several alternative answers are given at the back of each question, and respondents can only choose their own answers from these selected answers. (2) Open-ended questioning is to let respondents answer questions in their own words. Because such questions will get different answers, which is not conducive to statistical analysis of data, it is not appropriate to use them too much in questionnaires. 4. Principles of questionnaire design (1) and related principles-Except for a few topics that provide background, other topics in the questionnaire must be directly related to the research topic. (2) The principle of conciseness-every question in the questionnaire should be concise, uncomplicated, specific and unambiguous, and try to use short sentences. Each topic involves only one question, not both. Examples of violating this principle are: "Do you agree to strengthen the academic curriculum and the competitive appointment system of teachers in senior high schools?" (3) Politeness principle-try to avoid personal privacy or privacy issues, such as sources of income; Avoid problems that will bring social or professional pressure to respondents and make people feel dissatisfied. Only when the wording of the question is polite and sincere will people be willing to cooperate. (4) the principle of convenience-the questions in the questionnaire should be answered as easily as possible, and don't waste too much pen and ink, and don't let the respondents feel at a loss and spend a lot of time thinking. (5) Principle of quantitative accuracy-If you want to collect quantitative information in the questionnaire, you should pay attention to asking the respondents to answer accurate numbers instead of averages. For example, "the number of students enrolled at the age of six in your class" and "the average number of students enrolled in your class", the former can get the accurate number of students enrolled at the age of six, while the latter can't get such information. (6) Option exhaustion principle-the choice answers provided by the questions in the questionnaire should be exclusive in logic and exhaustive in possibility. For example, what is your recent education? They are: A, Technical Secondary School B, Undergraduate C, Master. Obviously, there are no endless types of education. Some questions should be given neutral or mild answers, such as "I don't know" and "I don't have a clear attitude", so as to avoid being forced to answer when investigators are unwilling or unable to express their views because they don't know the situation. (7) The principle of rejecting terms-avoid using a large number of technical terms and vague terms and jargon in the questionnaire, so that the respondents can understand the topic. Examples of violating this principle are "What do you think of your child's social intelligence?" (8), the principle of identity-the language style and language of the questions in the questionnaire should be commensurate with the identity of the respondents. Therefore, before compiling a topic, researchers should investigate the situation of the object group, and if the object identity is diverse, the language should be as popular as possible; If the respondents are children and teenagers, the language should be vivid, concise and lively; If the interviewee is an expert and scholar, the language should be scientific and accurate, and professional language can be used appropriately. (9), the principle of non-orientation-the questions raised in the questionnaire should avoid implying some assumptions or expected results, and avoid reflecting some mindset orientation in the topic. For example: "As a teacher, do you think quality education can better promote the healthy growth of students?" 5, how to write a lead thank you, such as: hello everyone! Thank you for reading this questionnaire. Or express sincere thanks for your help in this investigation! Description of the purpose of the survey: This volume aims to understand the consumption status of modern people. Guiding and suggestive language, such as: Please read this questionnaire carefully, tick the items you approve, and fill in your options in brackets.