Terminology of extreme philatelic \ r \ nOriginal author: Chen Senyuan \ r \ n \ r \ n \ r \ nIn order to meet the needs of the development of extreme philatelic, the author has painstakingly collected and sorted out the terminology of extreme philatelic. The choice of terms includes both standard philatelic terms and words, idioms and abbreviations established by extreme philatelic circles, which are not eclectic, and are subject to common use, practicality and vividness. Interpretation should learn from others, make full use of them and strive for accuracy; For the academic terms of extreme stamp collecting, we should stick to one pattern, seek common ground while reserving differences and strive to be objective. Trying to compile professional extreme philatelic terms will inevitably lead to improper interpretation and missing words. Please correct and supplement the philatelic activities in advance. Www.findart.com.cn \ r \ n ◆ Extreme Stamp Collecting \ r \ nA mass cultural activity with the production, collection, appreciation and research of extreme postcards as its content. It is one of the ways of collecting stamps, and it is also a category of philatelic exhibitions stipulated by the International Philatelic Federation (FIP). Philatelic circles in Taiwan Province Province are called original philately. Extreme stamp collecting rose with the birth of extreme movies. It originated in Europe, and France took the lead in establishing the Extreme Postcard Fans Association in 1954. Belgium, Germany, the United States and some Asian countries have successively set up extreme philatelic organizations, founded postal magazines and held postal exhibitions. \ r \ The International Philatelic Federation attaches great importance to extreme philately, and has set up an extreme philately committee, formulated evaluation rules for extreme philately, and held many extreme philatelic seminars and special extreme philatelic exhibitions. Extreme stamp collecting has become one of the indispensable main categories of international and world stamp exhibitions. \ r \ nThe extreme philately in China began in 1950s, and Polish philatelist M Haitz Ski was in 1956. Stamp collecting magazines have launched extreme postcards, which have aroused great interest of stamp collectors in China. In 1980s, extreme stamp collecting developed rapidly. Dozens of large and medium-sized cities such as Shanghai, Guangdong, Beijing, Taiyuan, Chongqing and Tianjin set up extreme stamp collecting organizations, published publications and carried out various extreme stamp collecting activities. 1983, extreme stamp collecting enters the national stamp exhibition, 1994, extreme stamp collecting goes abroad to participate in the Asian International Stamp Exhibition. In China 1999 World Stamp Exhibition, China's extreme exhibits "Door" and "Mammal" won the gold medal and the silver medal respectively. Extreme stamp collecting is in the ascendant in the world and China. Www.findart.com.cn \ r \ n ◆ Extreme Postcard \ r \ nShort for Extreme Movie. Postal valid stamps are affixed to the pictures of picture postcards coordinated with the stamp theme (pattern), and the combined stamp products are stamped with postmarks closely and directly related to the theme and/or theme of stamps and postcards. Stamp collecting in Taiwan Province Province is called the original picture card. \ r \ nAs far as we know, the earliest existing limited-edition film came from Portugal, with a stamp commemorating the navigator Prince P Henry, stamped with the postmark of Porto1March 4, 894, the birthplace of the prince. At present, the earliest restricted film found in China is a commemorative stamp posted on the Temple of Heaven by Xuantong Yuannian, with the Beijing postmark of 1909. Www.findart.com.cn \ r \ n ◆ Limited-edition films issued by postal services \ r \ nLimited-edition films produced and sold by postal departments, china national philatelic corporation and local philatelic companies to cooperate with the issuance of new stamps. Popular official movies. China national philatelic corporation made the first limited-release film by post. "Beneficial Birds" published in September 1982, numbered MCI, was produced in batches by postal limited-edition films, which was highly commercialized and difficult to collect, and its participation in evaluation was lower than that of self-made limited-edition films with the same stamps. \r\n ◆ Self-made limited-edition films \r\nLimited-edition films made by philatelists or philatelists according to the Evaluation Rules for Extreme Philatelics. Because the self-produced film has its own characteristics, small quantity and great difficulty, it can become a very limited film and has a high evaluation. Www.findart.com.cn \ r \ n ◆ Nature movies \ r \ nUsed for communication, appreciation and collection, that is, landscape postcards that exist "naturally" but are not specially used for making limited-edition movies. These postcards were printed by postal departments or non-postal departments, and most of them existed before the stamps were issued. For example, a set of 10 art postcards (No.US 1) issued by the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications in 1952. Some people call extreme films made of natural postcards natural films. \r\n ◆ Symmetry of printed film \r\nNatural film. Landscape postcards specially printed for making extreme movies. Most of them are printed by stamp collecting companies and organizations, and some are printed by individuals. Generally, stamps are issued at the same time or in advance, which weakens the nature of "special printing". Some people call the limited edition film made of specially printed postcards as specially printed film. Www.findart.com.cn \ r \ n ◆ Photographic film \ r \ nPostcards printed according to photographic works. Because the picture is realistic, it is loved by extreme philatelists and is the main carrier of extreme films. \r\n ◆ Painting \r\nAlso called draft film. In a broad sense, it refers to all picture postcards printed on the basis of painting. In a narrow sense, it refers to a picture postcard drawn directly. \r\n ◆ Plaid \r\nPicture postcards are printed with text title, stamp box, recipient's name and address, separator and other formats. The Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications of China issued a notice on 1953, and postal postcards were uniformly printed by the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications, and inherited the new printing standard (i.e. format) of postcards in China. Format is an important symbol that distinguishes postcards from pictures in China. Www.findart.com.cn \ r \ n ◆ Mesh-free paper \ r \ nIt is similar to the picture paper of ordinary picture postcards in paper size and paper quality, but there is no dividing line format for printing communication and writing on the other side of the picture. The limit plate made by this method is called meshless plate. \r\n ◆ Advance tickets \r\nPostcards with natural pictures that existed before stamps were issued. Postcards specially designed to be printed before stamps are issued, although they can be called advance tickets in time, are still classified as special prints by extreme philatelists. Front tickets are the first choice for making limited-edition films. Extreme philatelic rules require that photo postcards be printed and distributed as early as possible before stamps are issued. Www.findart.com.cn \ r \ n ◆ The back of the ticket is symmetrical \ r \ nThe front of the ticket is symmetrical. Landscape postcards issued after stamps. Extreme philatelic rules require that landscape postcards printed after stamps are issued must be reprinted according to the existing printed patterns. \r\n ◆ Synchronization film \r\nIt is a picture postcard issued at the same time as the stamp. Most of them are printed for making limited edition films, belonging to the category of special printing films. It has nothing to do with the design and issuance of stamps, which is purely coincidental, such as synchronous nature films. \r\n ◆ Picture postcard with the same name as www.findart.com.cn. For example, TI44 "Hangzhou West Lake" and "Santan Yin Yue" have more business cards. \r\n ◆ Early Movies \r\nPostcards with early pictures have been released. Foreign countries refer to 65438+the early period before the 1920s. In China, postcards before 1949, that is, postcards from the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, are generally regarded as early films. Early limited-edition movies are also called early movies. \r\n ◆ Reprint the movie \r\nPostcards reprinted from existing picture postcards (not referring to the original publisher). Some are called old films and imitation films. For example, Suzhou Guwuxuan Publishing House reprinted Old Shadows of Gusu based on postcards of Qing Dynasty and Republic of China for making limited-edition films. Some extreme films taken by reprinting postcards are also called reprinting. Www.findart.com.cn \ r \ n ◆ Standard movies \ r \ nRestricted movies that meet the FIP evaluation rules for extreme philately. The main requirements of the rules are: stamps must be valid postage certificates; Postcards and pictures meet the specified size; Postmark patterns and place names should be closely and directly related to the theme and/or theme of stamps and postcards; Stamps, postcards and postmarks should be as harmonious as possible. \r\n ◆ Similar movies \r\nA combination of stamps and postcards with the same theme but different pictures. For example, the portrait stamp of Sun Yat-sen is affixed to the picture postcard of Sun Yat-sen's former residence and stamped with the postmark. In the early days, it was also listed as a restricted film. Www.findart.com.cn \ r \ n ◆ Reverse film \ r \ nStamp design and postcard picture are the same thing, but framing is the opposite of limited film. For example, T29 "Arts and Crafts" limited edition film, the carrier is 1978 Shanghai People's Fine Arts Publishing House postcard, the picture is the same as the real thing, the stamp pattern is reversed, and the direction is opposite. This is mainly because the film is printed backwards. \r\n ◆ Suspicious films \r\nLimited films that have doubts about the authenticity of some rare early postcards, stamps or postmarks. Some are difficult to judge at the moment, and some are out of avoidance, both of which are called doubtful films. Www.findart.com.cn \ r \ n ◆ Half-blood movies \ r \ nUsually referred to as limited-edition movies mixed with landscape postcards and stamps issued by different countries or regions. Some are called transnational movies. There are also limited-edition movies, where stamps of two or more countries with the same theme are pasted on a postcard, and the postmark of the country where the stamps belong is cancelled. This kind of movie is called a mixed-race movie. \r\n ◆ National shame film \r\nPostcards printed in occupied areas by militarists such as Japan during their invasion of China. This is a disgrace to old China, and its printed stamp products are an infringement on the sovereignty of China Post. Www.findart.com.cn \ r \ n ◆ Sheet size \ r \ nWidth and size of postcards. The Universal Postal Convention stipulates that the maximum size is 105* 148 mm and the minimum size is 90* 140 mm. FIP stipulates that the size and specifications of landscape postcards for making limited-edition movies must comply with the Universal Postal Union Convention. \r\n ◆ Picture worksheet \r\nPostcard picture width size. FIP's special rules for evaluating extreme stamp collecting stipulate that pictures should account for at least 75% of postcards. \r\n ◆ The source of the movie is www.findart.com.cn \ r \ nPostcard version resources. Extreme stamp collecting refers to plates. Version information of complete set or single postcard includes: name, publishing unit, publishing time, ISBN, pricing, number of complete sets, name of each card, circulation, publishing background and related information. \r\n ◆ The official datestamp of the first day cover \r\n's issue date includes ordinary datestamp, anniversary datestamp, scenic datestamp, temporary datestamp, etc. The first date stamp is the best date stamp for limited edition movies. Some people call the opening date of the landscape postmark the first day of the landscape postmark, which is to be distinguished. \r\nwww.findart.com.cn ◆ In-situ stamp \ r \ nThe stamp where the stamp theme is located. In-situ stamp is a term of in-situ stamp collecting, which has been transferred to extreme stamp collecting and given a new meaning, becoming an idiom of extreme stamp collecting. Although it is called "in-situ", in-situ stamp collecting is to print the theme, while extreme stamp collecting is to print the theme pattern, which is different. \r\n ◆ Imitate stamps \r\nImitate postal stamps to make postmarks. This is one of the ways to fake extreme movies. \r\n ◆ Stamp \r\nParty A's postal department calls or stamps the postmark of Party B's postal department ... It means that in order to make a complete set of limited-edition films in different places, the philatelic company engraves different postmarks at the post office or company in the production place and stamps them at the production place. Issuing tickets is not a normative act, but also a degree of forgery. Www.findart.com.cn \ r \ n ◆ Backstamps \ r \ nPostal datestamps, scenic postmarks, commemorative postmarks, etc. With a time stamp on it, make a limited edition movie. Backstab is a violation of postal rules and regulations, which is a common forgery technique in extreme films. \r\n ◆ Suspicious postmark \r\nA postmark that has doubts about the authenticity of the postmark or the cancellation date. Sometimes it is a lot of imitations and inversions that are inconvenient to express. \ r \ n ◆ Pinstamp \ r \ nAlso known as cover pin. Stamps are printed with postmarks. Extreme philatelic rules require that postmarks must be sewn on stamps and postcards. Www.findart.com.cn \ r \ n ◆ Stamp \ r \ nShort name for postmark. Extreme film needs a clear, complete and correct imprint. \r\n ◆ Stamp source \r\nInformation about cancellation of postmark of limited-edition movies. Including the name of the post office, relevant dates, historical facts, commemorative postmarks, scenic postmarks and other materials closely and directly related to the theme and/or theme on stamps and postcards. \r\n ◆ Derive \r\nA series of limited films developed and distinguished from materials conforming to the composition principle of exhibits. For example, stamps are the same and postmarks are different, but they always follow harmonious rules. Www.findart.com.cn \ r \ n ◆ Complete counterpoint method \ r \ nPostcard images and stamp patterns correspond to each other in theme, composition, angle and direction. Because extreme postcards enlarged according to stamps are not allowed to be exhibited, the picture of postcards should not be exactly the same as stamps. \r\n ◆ Three consistent \r\nharmonious abbreviations: subject, place and time. Theme and/or theme harmony, that is, the best harmony between stamp theme and picture postcard picture; Harmony of places, that is, the name (pattern) of the place or scenery on the postmark is related to the theme and/or theme of stamps and postcards; The time is harmonious and consistent, that is, within the validity period of stamps, the cancellation time should be as close as possible to the date of issue of stamps, and the first day is the best. Three consistences are the principles that extreme exhibits should follow, and they are also the basis of extreme philately research.