First, curiosity is not the embodiment of thinking.
Learning requires thinking, but human actions depend more on memory. For example, when you do something, you often do it the way you did last time. When ordering food, if you don't understand what you want to eat, just order what you have eaten before, which will save cognitive resources or the brain as the saying goes.
Then why are we willing to think sometimes? In the process of thinking and solving problems, the brain will produce dopamine, which makes people feel happy. But this question is too difficult or too easy. The difficulty is too low and boring; The difficulty is too high and frustrated; The difficulty is moderate and just right.
Therefore, in order to make children like school, the first suggestion is to give them questions with moderate difficulty. It is to set some small goals for children, let them jump and reach them, and make them feel that learning is challenging, but they can overcome it after hard work.
Second, enriching children's cognitive range is more important than learning various skills.
When we read books and even play games by ourselves, we feel that it will be easier to understand if we have background knowledge. If you are not familiar with the characters in the Three Kingdoms period, it will be slower to play the Three Kingdoms Kill. In the face of problems, we transfer the information of the current environment and some information saved in our long-term memory to our work notes and think together in a new way.
The working memory I'm talking about here refers to a special short-term memory, such as memorizing words before a quiz, which is likely to be forgotten soon after the exam.
If there is a lot of relevant knowledge in long-term memory, it will help to think. If the working memory space is large, it is also conducive to thinking. Working memory is very important, which will be discussed in detail later. In this place, the characters in the Three Kingdoms period are all knowledge in long-term memory. With this background knowledge, you will get started faster.
There is a phenomenon of falling behind in the fourth grade abroad, that is, many children suddenly can't keep up with their peers in the fourth grade, and then the gap with other students is getting bigger and bigger. We also often say that the third grade is a hurdle, and the gap between children has become very obvious this year. One of the reasons for this phenomenon is that children have different background knowledge. The more you know, the easier it is to learn new knowledge.
So the second suggestion is to enrich children's factual knowledge as soon as possible. Reading is very effective, as well as visiting museums, traveling and various extracurricular activities, all of which are very good.
Third, a good memory is because everything you remember is well thought out.
You may find that children speak Logger Vick's lines one by one, but they can't remember the knowledge points you taught. This is because a person's memory is not what he wants to remember, but what he has thought about. You can think of thinking as colorful fireworks set off by brain neurons. Memory is the ashes left after fireworks. If it hasn't been burned, how can it leave traces?
How to "detonate" children's brain neurons? The third suggestion is that what children learn should be interesting. For example, teachers and parents can use the power of stories to introduce causality, conflict, complexity and roles to organize learning materials. If the content of learning is really meaningless, such as the list of chemical elements, then the memory strategy of repetition, connection and chunk can also be adopted.
Fourth, understanding is based on specific knowledge.
Primary school teachers often encounter situations of dumbfounding: ask children, you have three apples, and your mother gives you two apples. How many apples do you have? A: Five. Ask the child again, there are three trees on the road, and someone planted two more. How many trees are there in a * *? A: I don't know.
Why is this happening? Because planting trees is unfamiliar to children compared with apples, children will encounter difficulties in learning abstract knowledge such as arithmetic with unfamiliar examples.
Then the fourth suggestion is that when educating children, give more examples, preferably those related to your existing experience, so that the simpler and more direct you can explain the truth to your children, the better.
Fifth, deliberate practice can be mastered.
Many people are opposed to a large number of repeated exercises and tactics of asking questions about the sea. In fact, practice can help us study better. For example, you can definitely do mental arithmetic 12X 12, but mental arithmetic 122X 122 is much more difficult. In fact, the method used is the same, except that the latter problem requires a lot of memory space to store the intermediate steps, and the working memory of the human brain is very limited.
How to break through this bottleneck? Automating complex tasks is a lot of practice, and it becomes a whole and easy to store. Did you find that 12X 12 is actually recited as a whole?
The fifth suggestion is to practice basic skills repeatedly. Need to be reminded that it is better to practice in scattered time. For example, if you do 100 questions in a weekend afternoon, it is better to spread these questions to Monday to Friday and do 20 questions every day, so that you can master them more firmly.
Sixth, the learning method at the beginning is completely different from the learning method after mastering.
Some people ask, can children think like scientists when they just start studying science? The answer is, no, professionals think in a completely different way from novices.
Professionals have mastered a lot of background knowledge, experienced a lot of exercises and learned deep abstract skills. They can quickly distinguish important details, and the key is to transfer their knowledge to similar fields. For beginners, it is difficult to transfer knowledge only by focusing on specific cases and superficial knowledge.
The sixth suggestion is to remind teachers and parents that children's more practical goal is to understand knowledge. It's useless for novices to imitate experts' innovative methods.
Seven, a single thinking process is not as good as a diversified thinking process.
You may have heard the saying that some children are visual learners and they clearly remember what they see; Some children are auditory learners and can clearly remember what they hear. Cognitive scientists found this theory completely wrong. The application of multiple intelligences theory in education has also been proved by cognitive science to be untenable. Because scientists (including educators) simply can't distinguish different learning types and give the most suitable teaching methods for them.
Therefore, the seventh suggestion is not to customize different thinking processes for each student, but to let all the children in the class practice all the processes, listen, watch and move, and attract their attention through change.
To sum up:
Complete "happiness" and effortless learning do not exist, but for a child who keeps curiosity and actively explores knowledge, he can also get a sense of pleasure in the process of studying hard. It is normal for children not to like school. If children are educated according to the cognitive rules of the brain, they can enjoy learning more.
Specifically, there are seven suggestions:
1. The questions given to children are moderately difficult, so that children can study in the challenge area;
2. Enrich children's factual knowledge as soon as possible by reading, visiting museums and traveling.
3. Borrow stories and other forces to make the content of children's learning meaningful;
4. Give more examples when educating children, preferably examples related to their existing experience;
5. Practice basic skills repeatedly at different times;
6. Encourage children to understand knowledge, instead of urging them to learn the way of thinking of industry experts;
7. Be patient with the cultivation of children and follow the law of children's development step by step.
Above.
The mind is untied, and the child is easy to raise. Welcome to pay attention to WeChat official account: Buffalo. Being a parent used to be so interesting.