First of all, table tennis rules are divided into three parts:
1, table tennis rules
2. International competition rules
3. Rules of Table Tennis Competition
1. Articles of Association (omitted)
2. Table tennis competition rules
2. 1 table
2. 1. 1 The upper surface of the table is called the playing table, which should be a rectangle parallel to the horizontal plane, with a length of 2.74m, a width of 1.525m and a height of 76cm from the ground.
2. 1.2 The mesa does not include the edge perpendicular to the mesa.
2. 1.3 The table can be made of any material and should have consistent elasticity, that is, when the standard ball falls to the table from a height of 30 cm, the bouncing height should be about 23 cm.
2. 1.4 The desktop should be dark and dull, with 2 cm wide white edge lines along each 2.74m desktop edge and 2 cm wide white end lines along each 1.525m desktop edge.
2. 1.5 The competition field is divided into two equal competition areas by a vertical net parallel to the end line, and the whole area of each competition area should be a whole.
In 2. 1.6 doubles, each table area should be divided into two equal "half areas" with a 3 mm wide white center line. The midline is parallel to the sideline and should be regarded as a part of the right half.
2.2 network equipment
2.2. 1 The net device includes a net, a net hanging rope, a net column and a fixture part for fixing them on the desktop.
2.2.2 The net should be hung on a rope, and both ends of the rope should be tied to an upright net column with a height of 15.25 cm, and the distance from the outer edge of the net column to the outer edge of the sideline is 15.25 cm.
2.2.3 The distance from the top of the whole net to the table 15.25cm.
2.2.4 The bottom of the whole net should be as close to the table as possible, and both ends should be as close to the net posts as possible.
2.3 ball
2.3. 1 The ball shall be spherical with a diameter of 40mm.
2.3.2 The ball weighs 2.7 grams.
2.3.3 The ball should be made of celluloid or similar materials, white or orange, and dull.
2.4. 1 The size, shape and weight of the racket are not limited. But the bottom plate should be flat and hard.
2.4.2 The thickness of the bottom plate shall be at least 85% of the natural wood. The glue layer for reinforcing the bottom plate can be made of fiber materials such as carbon fiber, glass fiber or compressed paper, and each glue layer does not exceed 7.5% or 0.35 mm of the total thickness of the bottom plate.
2.4.3 The racket face used for hitting the ball should be covered with a layer of ordinary particle glue with outward particles, together with the adhesive, with a thickness of not more than 2mm or covered with sponge glue with inward or outward particles, together with the adhesive, with a thickness of not more than 4 mm.
2.4.3. 1 "ordinary granular rubber" is a layer of natural rubber or synthetic rubber without foam, and its particles must be distributed on the whole surface, with an average density of not less than 10 and no more than 50 particles per square centimeter.
2.4.3.2's "sponge rubber" means that a layer of foam rubber is covered with a layer of ordinary granular rubber, and the thickness of ordinary granular rubber is not more than 2mm.
2.4.4 The covering should cover the whole racket face, but not beyond its edge. The portion near the handle and the finger grip portion may not be covered, or may be covered with any material.
2.4.5 The sole plate, any interlayer in the sole plate and any covering and adhesive layer used for hitting the ball shall be a whole with uniform thickness.
2.4.6 Both sides of the racket, whether covered or not, must be dull, one side is bright red and the other side is black.
2.4.7 Due to accidental damage, wear or fading, the integrity and color consistency of the racket face are slightly different. It can be used as long as the racket face performance has not changed significantly.
2.4.8 When the player needs to change the racket at the beginning of the game and during the game, he must show the opponent and the referee the racket he will use and allow them to check.
2.5 Definition
2.5. 1 "Round": A period of time when the ball is in the game.
2.5.2 "The state of the game when the ball is served", from the last moment before consciously serving, the ball is still in the palm of your hand and does not clap your hands, to being awarded a score or serving again this round.
2.5.3 "Re-serve": No score is scored in this round.
2.5.4 "One point": the round of scoring.
2.5.5 "Clap your hands": the hand holding the racket.
2.5.6 "Don't clap your hands": the hand that doesn't hold the racket.
2.5.7 "Hit the ball": Hold the racket with your hand or touch the ball under your wrist.
2.5.8 "Blocking": If the ball touches the player or anything he wears after the opponent hits the table for the last time, it will touch the player or anything he wears before hitting the table or crossing the end line.
2.5.9 "Server": the player who hits the ball first in a round.
2.5. 10 "receiver: the second player to hit the ball in a round.
2.5. 1 1 "referee: the person appointed to manage a game.
2.5. 12 "deputy referee": the person designated to assist the referee in some aspects.
2.5. 13 "wear or wear" articles: refers to any articles worn or worn by athletes at the beginning of a round of competition, but does not include match balls.
2.5. 14 "over or around the net device": the ball shall be regarded as "over or around" the net device, unless it passes between the net and the table and between the net and the net rack.
2.5. 15 "end line" of the table: including the end line of the table and the infinite extension lines at both ends of the end line.
2.6 Legal services
2.6. 1 When serving, put the ball on the palm of your hand. Don't clap your hands. Keep your palms open and flat. The ball should be static, behind the end line of the server and above the level of the table.
2.6.2 The server must throw the ball up almost vertically by hand, and must not make the ball rotate, and make the ball rise not less than 16 cm after leaving the palm that does not clap, and must not touch anything before it falls.
2.6.3 When the ball falls from the highest point of throwing, the server can hit the ball, so that the ball touches its own platform first, then crosses or bypasses the net device, and then touches the platform of the receiver. In doubles, the ball should touch the right half of the server and receiver.
2.6.4 From the last moment when the ball is still before pitching to hitting the ball, the ball and racket should be above the level of the table.
2.6.5 When hitting the ball, the ball should be behind the end line of the server, but it should not exceed the farthest part of the server's body (except the arm, head or leg).
2.6.6 When an athlete serves, the referee or the assistant referee shall see whether he serves according to the legal service rules.
2.6.6. 1 If the referee doubts the correctness of a service action of the server, and neither he nor the assistant referee can determine that the service action is illegal, the referee can warn the server not to score when this phenomenon occurs for the first time in a game.
2.6.6.2, in the same match, if the server or his doubles partner's serve action is questioned again, whether for the same reason or not, the receiver will get a point.
2.6.6.3, whether it is the first time or at any time, as long as the server obviously fails to serve according to the legal provisions, he will lose one point without warning.
2.6.7 When an athlete can't strictly abide by certain provisions of the legal service due to physical injury, the referee may make a decision to waive the execution, but he must explain it to the referee before the game.
2.7 Legal Counterattack
2.7. 1 After the opponent serves or returns the ball, the player of the team must hit the ball to directly cross or bypass the net device, or touch the net device before touching the opponent's table.
2.8 Competition sequence
2.8. 1 Singles, legal serve, starting first, then receiving the serve, receiving the serve and legally counterattacking, and then alternately legally counterattacking.
2.8.2 In doubles, first legal serve, the server, then the receiver, then the server's partner, then the receiver's partner, and then the players take turns to fight back legally.
2.9 serve again
2.9. 1 round should be awarded a heavy serve under the following circumstances:
2.9. 1. 1 If the ball sent by the server touches the net device when it crosses or bypasses the net device, it becomes a legal serve or is blocked by the receiver or his companions.
2.9. 1.2 If the receiver or receiver is not ready, the ball has been served and the receiver or receiver has not tried to hit the ball.
2.9. 1.3 Due to the interference beyond the control of the athletes, the athletes failed to legal serve, fight back legally or abide by the rules.
2.9. 1.4 The referee or deputy referee suspends the game.
2.9.2 The competition may be suspended under the following circumstances:
2.9.2. 1 due to the need to correct the wrong order or orientation of serving and receiving;
2.9.2.2 should implement the rotation service law;
2.9.2.3 warns or punishes athletes;
The competition environment in 2.9.2.4 is disturbed, so the result of this round may be affected.
2. 10 a little
2. 1O. 1 Except for the round that is sentenced to serve again, the athlete will score one point in the following circumstances:
2. 10. 1. 1 The opposing player failed to legal serve;
2. 1O. 1.2 The opposing athlete failed to fight back legally;
2. 1O. 1.3 After the player serves or returns the ball, the ball touches anything except the net before the opponent hits the ball;
2. 10. 1.4 After the opponent hits the ball, the ball crosses the end line and does not touch the table;
2. 10. 1.5 The opponent blocks the net;
2. 10. 1.6 combo;
2. 10. 1.7 The opponent hits the ball with a racket face that does not meet the terms of 1.4.3, 1.4.4, 1.4.5;
2. 10. 1.8 The opposing player or any player he wears moves the table;
2. 10. 1.9 The opposing player or anything he wears touches the net;
2. 10. 1. 10 The opposing player does not clap his hands when touching the table;
2.10.1.11doubles, the opponent's batting order is wrong;
2. 10. 1. 12 The clause 1. 15.2 appears when the rotation serve method is executed.
2. 1 1 one game
2. 1 1. 1 In a game, the winner is the one who gets 1 1 points first. 10 After the draw, the winner is the one who scores 2 points first.
2. 12 one game
2. 12. 1 A game consists of odd numbers.
Unless intermission is allowed, the game should be played continuously.
2. 13 service selection, according to service and positioning
2. 13. 1 The choice of serving and receiving, as well as the strength of one side and the other side, shall be decided by drawing lots. The winner can choose to serve or receive the service first, or he can choose to be on the side first.
2. 13.2 When one player chooses to serve or receive the service first, or after choosing a certain position first, the other player must have another choice.
2. 13.3 After each score, the receiver becomes the server, and so on until the end of the game, or until the scores of both sides reach 10 or the rotation serve method is implemented. At this time, the order of serving and receiving remains unchanged, but each person only serves one point in turn.
2. 13.4 In the first game of doubles, the server determines the starter first, and then the receiver determines the receiver first. In the next game, after the first starter is confirmed, the first receiver should be the player who served him in the previous game.
2. 13.5 In doubles, every time the service is changed, the front-end server becomes the server, and the partner of the front-end server becomes the receiver.
2. 13.6 The player who serves first in one game should receive the service first in the next game. In the doubles final, when one side scores 5 points first, the receiver should exchange the order of receiving the service.
2. 13.7 In a game, one side of a game has to change to another in the next game. In the deciding game, when one side scores 5 points first, the two sides should exchange places.
2. 14 The order and orientation of serving and receiving are wrong.
2. 14. 1 The referee shall immediately suspend the game and serve or receive the service according to the order established at the beginning of the game and the score on the field; In doubles, when mistakes are found, they should be corrected in the order established by the side with the right to serve first, and the game will continue.
2. 14.2 once the referee finds that the athletes should switch places but not, he should immediately suspend the game, correct it in the order established at the beginning of the game, and then continue the game.
2. 14.3 In any case, all the scores before the error is found are valid.
2. 15 spin serve method
2. 15. 1 If a game is still not over after 10 minutes (except when both sides scored at least 9 points), or at any time before that, at the request of the athletes of both sides, the rotation service method should be implemented.
2. 15. 1. 1 The time limit is up, and the ball is still in the game state, so the referee should immediately suspend the game. The suspended server serves and continues the game.
2. 15. 1.2 When the time limit is reached, the ball is not in the game state, and the receiver and receiver in the last round should serve and continue the game.
2. After15.2, each player takes turns to serve one point until the end of the game. If the receiver makes 13 legal counterattacks, the receiver gets 1 point.
2. 15.3 Once the rotation serve method is implemented, or a game lasts 10 minutes, the rotation serve method must be implemented for the rest of the game.
3. 1 Scope of application of rules and regulations
3. 1. 1 competition type
3. 1. 1. 1 "international competition", that is, the competition in which athletes from more than one association participate.
3. 1. 1.2 "international competition", that is, the competition between teams of different associations.
3. 1. 1.3 "open competition", that is, all athletes of the association can sign up for the competition.
3. 1. 1.4 "restricted competition", that is, the competition is limited to athletes in specific groups except the age group.
3. 1. 1.5 "invitational tournament", that is, the competition is limited to individual invitations and designated athletes.
3. 1.2 Scope of application
3. 1.2. 1 Unless otherwise specified in 3. 1.2.2, the rules will apply to world, European and Olympic competitions, open competitions and international competitions, unless otherwise agreed by the participating associations.
3. 1.2.2 The Council may authorize the organizers of open competitions to adopt the experimental rules issued by the Executive Committee.
3. 1.2.3 The international competition rules apply to the following competitions:
3. 1.2.3. 1 World and Olympic Games, unless the Council approves other regulations and notifies the participating associations in advance;
3. 1.2.3.2 states, unless the relevant state federation has approved other regulations and notified the participating associations in advance;
3. 1.2.3.3 Open (3.7. 1.2), unless other regulations have been approved by ITTF Executive Committee, the contestants will agree according to the regulations of 3. 1.2.4;
3. 1.2.3.4 is opened, except as specified in 3. 1.2.4.
3. 1.2.4 The nature and scope of the change shall be stated in the application for open competition that does not meet any provisions of these Rules; Filling in and submitting the application form shall be deemed as the applicant's agreement to the competition conditions, including the change of contents.
3. 1.2.5 It is suggested that this competition regulation be applicable to all international competitions. However, under the condition of observing the articles of association, international restricted competitions, invitational competitions and chartered international competitions organized by non-member units may be held in accordance with the rules formulated by the organizers.
3. 1.2.6 these rules and international competition rules are considered to be applicable to all international competitions, unless the changes are agreed in advance or explicitly written into the published competition rules.
3. 1.2.7 Detailed explanation and understanding of the rules, including descriptions of equipment specifications, shall be published in the form of technical documents, competition officials' manuals and referees' manuals approved by the Council.
3.2 Equipment and Competition Conditions
Approved and licensed equipment
3.2. 1. 1 The approval or permission of competition equipment shall be implemented by the Acting Council of the Equipment Committee; If at any time it is found that the continued production or use of a product is harmful to table tennis, the Council may cancel the approval of the equipment.
3.2. 1.2 The application form or competition guide of the open competition shall specify the table, net, brand and ball color to be used; The selection of equipment should be made by the competition association from the brands and models currently recognized by ITTF.
3.2. 1.3 The cover of the racket's hitting surface should be the brand and model currently licensed by ITTF, and the trademark model and ITTF logo must be clearly affixed to its edge.
3.2. 1.4 A list of permitted adhesives for bonding racket covers to rackets can be obtained from the Secretariat.
dress
3.2.2. 1 Competition clothes generally include short-sleeved sweatshirts, shorts or skirts, socks and sports shoes; Except with the permission of the referee, you are not allowed to wear half or full sets of sportswear and other clothes during the competition.
The main colors of 3.2.2.2 short-sleeved jerseys (except sleeves and collars), shorts or short skirts should be obviously different from the colors of match balls.
There can be numbers or characters on the back of 3.2.2.3 short-sleeved jerseys, which are used to indicate the athletes and their associations, or to indicate the clubs to which the athletes belong during club competitions, as well as advertisements conforming to the regulations of 3.2.4.9.
3.2.2.4 should give priority to wearing the number cloth made by the organizer to show the identity of athletes in the middle position on the back of the short-sleeved sweatshirt, instead of advertising. This number cloth should be rectangular, with an area of no more than 600 square centimeters.
Signs or decorations on the front or side of 3.2.2.5 sportswear and any items worn by athletes, such as jewelry, should not be too conspicuous or reflective, thus affecting the opponent's line of sight.
3.2.2.6 athletes' clothing must not contain patterns and words that may cause unhappiness or damage the reputation of the sport.
The legality and acceptability of competition clothes in 3.2.2.7 should be decided by the referee.
Athletes of the 3.2.2.8 team, or doubles players composed of athletes from the same association, should wear the same clothes except shoes and socks.
In 3.2.2.9, athletes from both sides should wear sportswear with obviously different colors, so that the audience can easily distinguish them.
3.2.2. 10 When the clothes worn by athletes or sports teams of both sides are similar in color and both sides are unwilling to change them, lots shall be drawn to decide that one side must change them.
3.2.2. 1 1 When participating in world, Olympic or international open championships, athletes should wear short-sleeved sweatshirts, shorts or short skirts approved by their associations.
3.2.3 Competition conditions
3.2.3. 1 The space of the playing field shall be no less than 14m long, 7m wide and 5m high.
3.2.3.2 competition area should be surrounded by black baffles with the same height of 75cm to separate it from the adjacent competition areas and spectators.
In the world and Olympic Games held in 3.2.3.3, the illuminance measured from the height of the competition table shall not be less than 65,438+0,000 lux, and the illuminance of the whole competition table shall be uniform, and the illuminance of other places in the competition area shall not be less than 500 lux; In other competitions, the illumination of the competition table shall not be less than 600 lux, and the illumination of the whole competition shall be uniform, and the illumination of other places in the competition area shall not be less than 400 lux.
The lighting levels of several tables in 3.2.3.4 should be consistent, and the background lighting of the competition hall should not be higher than the minimum lighting in the competition area.
3.2.3.5 light source shall not be less than 5 meters from the ground.
Generally speaking, the area around the 3.2.3.6 site should be dark, and there should be no bright light sources or sunlight exposed through windows.
3.2.3.7 floor color should not be too light or reflective, slippery, and the surface should not be brick, cement or stone; In the world and Olympic Games, the floor should be made of wood or a certain brand and kind of movable plastic floor recognized by ITTF.
advertisement
3.2.4. 1 In the competition area, advertisements can only be displayed on designated equipment and devices, and advertisements cannot be set up separately.
Fluorescent or bright colors are not allowed anywhere in 3.2.4.2.
It is forbidden to use white or yellow characters and marks on the inner side of 3.2.4.3 baffle, and no more than two colors are allowed, and the total height is limited within 40 cm; It is recommended to use a color that is darker or lighter than the background color.
The marks on the end faces and sides of 3.2.4.4 floors and tables should be darker or lighter than the background color or black.
There can be at most 4 advertisements on the ground of 3.2.4.5 Competition Area, and 1 advertisement can be set on each side and end of the table, with the total area of each advertisement not exceeding 2.5 square meters. The distance between the advertisement and the baffle shall not be less than 1 m, and the distance between the advertisement baffles at both ends shall not exceed 2m.
There may be temporary advertisements on both sides and end faces of 3.2.4.6 table at 1/2, which shall not be advertisements of other table tennis equipment suppliers and must be obviously different from permanent advertisements; The total length of each advertisement shall not exceed 60 cm.
Advertisements on the Internet in 3.2.4.7 should be darker or lighter than the background color, and the distance from the top of the net should not be less than 3cm, and the mesh should not be covered.
The total area of any advertisement on the judging table or other equipment in 3.2.4.8 Division shall not exceed 750 square centimeters;
Advertisements on 3.2.4.9 athletes' clothing should be subject to the following restrictions:
3.2.4.9.1The total area of the normal trademark, mark or name of the manufacturer shall not exceed 24 square centimeters;
3.2.4.9.2 There shall be no more than three advertisements on the front and side of the short-sleeved sweatshirt, and the total advertising area shall not exceed 200 square centimeters, and there must be obvious separation between each advertisement;
3.2.4.9.3 The back of a short-sleeved sweatshirt can have advertisements with an area not exceeding 200 square centimeters;
3.2.4.9.4 There shall be no more than two advertisements on shorts or short skirts with a total area of not more than 80 square centimeters.
3.2.4. 10 The total advertising area on the number cloth of athletes shall not exceed 100 square centimeter.
3.2.4. 1 1 The total advertising area on the referee's clothing shall not exceed 40 square centimeters.
3.2.4. 12 There shall be no advertisements for tobacco products, alcoholic beverages or harmful drugs on the competition clothes and numbered cloth.
3.3 Management authority of judges
3.3. 1 referee
3.3. 1. 1 Designate a referee for each competition, and inform all the contestants and the team leader of his identity and work place.
3.3. 1.2 The presiding judge is responsible for the following matters:
3.3. 1.2. 1 preside over the lottery;
3.3. 1.2.2 Arrange the competition schedule;
3.3. 1.2.3 Assign competition staff;
3.3. 1.2.4 Preside over the short meeting of referees before the competition;
3.3. 1.2.5 Qualification for mobilizing examiners;
3.3. 1.2.6 decide whether to interrupt the game in an emergency;
3.3. 1.2.7 Decide whether athletes can leave the competition area in a competition;
3.3. 1.2.8 decide whether the legal practice time can be extended;
3.3. 1.2.9 Decide whether athletes can wear long sportswear in a competition;
3.3. 1.2. 10 to decide on any issues related to the interpretation of rules and regulations, including the acceptability of clothing, competition equipment and competition conditions;
3.3.1.2.11Decide whether and where athletes can practice when the competition is interrupted urgently;
3.3. 1.2. 12 disciplinary action shall be taken against bad behavior or other acts in violation of regulations.
3.3. 1.3 With the consent of the Competition Management Committee, when any duties of the referee are entrusted to some other personnel, the contestants and the team leader shall be informed of their respective special duties and work places.
3.3. 1.4 The referee or his deputy referee who is responsible for acting in his absence shall be present at the competition venue from beginning to end.
3.3. 1.5 The presiding judge may change the referee at any time if he thinks it is necessary, but he shall not change the judgment of the replaced person on the factual issues within the scope of his authority.
referee
3.3.2. 1 allocation for each game 1 referee, 1 deputy referee.
3.3.2.2 referees should sit or stand on the side of the table, in line with the net. The assistant referee should sit on the other side of the table, facing the referee.
Referees in 3.3.2.3 shall be responsible for the following matters:
3.3.2.3.1Check the acceptability of competition equipment and conditions, and report any problems to the referee in time;
3.3.2.3.2 Take a ball at will according to clauses 3.4.2. 1. 1 and 3.4.2. 1.2;
3.3.2.3.3 Preside over the lottery to decide the serve, receive the serve and orientation;
3.3.2.3.4 Decide whether to relax some legal service regulations due to the athlete's physical disability;
3.3.2.3.5 Control the direction and order of sending and receiving, and correct the mistakes of the above parties;
3.3.2.3.6 Decide 1 point or serve again in each round;
3.3.2.3.7 Grading according to the prescribed procedures;
3.3.2.3.8 Implement the rotation serve method at an appropriate time;
3.3.2.3.9 Maintain the continuity of the game;
3.3.2.3.10 Take action against those who violate off-site instructions or behaviors.
Assistant referee 3.3.2.4 decides whether the ball in the game touches the upper edge of the nearest table.
The referee or deputy referee of 3.3.2.5 may decide:
3.3.2.5.1The player's serve is illegal;
3.3.2.5.2 Whether legal serve touches the net device when the ball crosses or bypasses the net device;
Athletes block the net;
3.3.2.5.4 The competition environment is disturbed unexpectedly, which may affect the results of this round of competition;
3.3.2.5.5 Master the practice time, competition time and rest time.
When 3.3.2.6 serves in turn, the assistant referee or another referee appointed by him can be used as a counter to count the number of batters of the players who receive the service.
According to the regulations of 3.3.2.5 and 3.3.2.6, the referee in 3.3.2.7 shall not veto the decision of the assistant referee or the counter.
complain
3.3.3. 1 The agreement reached by the athletes of both sides in a single event or the captains of both sides in a team competition cannot change the decision made by the referee on the factual issues of the competition, nor can it change the decision made by the referee on the interpretation of the rules or regulations; Nor can it change the decision made by the competition management Committee on competition or competition management issues.
3.3.3.2 may not appeal to the presiding judge on the decision made by the relevant judge on the issue of fact; The decision made by the presiding judge on the interpretation of rules or regulations shall not be appealed to the management Committee.
When 3.3.3.3 refuses to accept the judge's decision on the interpretation of rules or regulations, he can appeal to the referee, whose decision is final.
When 3.3.3.4 has different views on the decision made by the referee on issues related to competition management that are not included in the rules or regulations, it can appeal to the Competition Management Committee, and the decision made by the Committee is final.
In the individual events in 3.3.3.5, only the athletes can complain about the problems in the competition; In the team competition, only the captain of the team can complain about the problems in the competition.
If 3.3.3.6 still disagrees with the referee's decision on the interpretation of rules or regulations, or the decision of the Competition Management Committee on competition management, the athletes or team leaders who have the right to appeal can submit the issue to the ITTF Rules Committee for consideration through their association.
3.3.3.7 Rules Committee will make a ruling on this as a guide for future decision-making. The affiliated association can still raise objections to the board of directors or congress, but it does not affect any final decision made by the referee or the competition management Committee.
3.4 Competition management
3.4. 1 score
3.4. 1. 1 When the game is over, or when circumstances permit, the referee shall report the score immediately.
3.4. 1. 1. 1 When scoring, the referee should first report the score of the server in the next round, and then report the score of the opponent.
3.4. 1. 1.2 When players are exchanged in a game, the referee shall report the names of the players in the next round after reporting the scores and indicate the server with gestures.
3.4. 1. 1.3 At the end of a match, the referee should first report the names of the athletes of the winning side, and then report the scores of the winning side and the negative side.
3.4. 1.2 besides reporting exceptions, referees can also show their judgment by gestures.
3.4. 1.2. 1 When scoring, the referee may raise the hand close to the scorer to shoulder height.
3.4. 1.2.2 When a round should be judged as a heavy serve for some reason, the referee may raise his hand over his head to indicate the end of the round.
3.4. 1.3 referees should use English or any other language acceptable to both athletes and referees.
3.4. 1.4 results should be displayed by mechanical or electronic devices so that athletes and spectators can see clearly.
3.4. 1.5 When an athlete is formally warned for bad behavior, a yellow card should be placed on the scoreboard where the athlete scored.
equipment
3.4.2. 1 Athletes are not allowed to choose match balls in the competition area.
3.4.2. 1. 1 Before entering the competition area, athletes should have the opportunity to choose one or more balls for the competition, and the referee will choose one ball for the competition.
3.4.2. 1.2 If the athletes don't choose a match ball before entering the competition area, the referee will choose a match ball from a box of match balls designated by the General Assembly.
3.4.2. 1.3 If the ball is damaged in the competition, it should be replaced with another ball selected before the competition; If no ball is selected before the match, the referee will take any ball from a box of match balls designated by the General Assembly instead.
3.4.2.2: During a single match, it is not allowed to change the racket, unless the racket is seriously damaged and cannot be used. If the player damages the racket in the competition, he should immediately replace the other racket he carries with him or the racket that is progressive outside the field.
At halftime, 3.4.2.3 players should put their rackets on the table. Unless you get special permission from the referee.
3.4.3 Practice
3.4.3. 1 Two minutes before the start of the competition, athletes have the right to practice on the competition table, and they cannot practice at normal intervals. Only the referee has the right to extend the special practice time.
If the competition is interrupted in 3.4.3.2, the referee may allow the athletes to practice on any table, including the table for the competition.
3.4.3.3 athletes should have a reasonable opportunity to check and familiarize themselves with the equipment to be used. After replacing the bad ball or damaged racket, the athlete can practice for several rounds and then continue the game.
intermittence
3.4.4. 1 Any athlete has the right to demand:
3.4.4. 1. 1 bureau, the rest time shall not exceed 1 minute;
3.4.4. 1.2 In each game, after failing to score 6 points or changing positions in the deciding game, use a short time to wipe the sweat.
In 3.4.4.2, a doubles player or a team of doubles players can ask for a time-out during a match, and the time should not exceed 1 minute.
3.4.4.2.1In individual competitions, the suspension is proposed by the athlete or the designated off-site instructor; In team competitions, it should be proposed by athletes or team leaders.
3.4.4.2.2 The time-out request is only made when the ball is not in the game state, and the hands are T-shaped.
3.4.4.2.3 After one party obtains a reasonable suspension request, the referee shall suspend the game and show the white card, and then put the white card on the platform where the opposing player is requested to suspend.
3.4.4.2.4 When the athlete of the side who proposed the time-out is ready to continue the game or the time-out time of 1 minute has expired, the white card shall be withdrawn and the game shall be resumed immediately according to the short time calculation.
When 3.4.4.3 athletes temporarily lose their competition ability due to an accident, if the referee thinks that the interruption of the competition will not bring disadvantages to their opponents, they can allow the interruption of the competition, but the time should be as short as possible, and in any case it should not exceed 10 minute.
If 3.4.4.4's loss of competition ability has existed for a long time, or it can be reasonably predicted before the start of the competition, or it is caused by the normal tension of the competition, it is not allowed to interrupt the competition. If the reason for losing the ability to compete is the athlete's physical condition at that time or the way of competition, which leads to cramping or excessive fatigue, these cannot be the reasons for interrupting the competition. Only when you lose your ability to play because of an accident (such as a fall) can you allow an emergency interruption of the game.
3.4.4.5, if someone is injured and bleeds in the competition area, he should immediately stop the competition until he receives medical assistance and wipes all the blood from the competition area before resuming the competition.
In 3.4.4.6, unless the referee allows, athletes win a game and stay in or near the competition area. During the statutory break between games, athletes should stay within 3 meters around the competition venue under the supervision of the referee.
3.5 discipline
3.5. 1 Remote guidance
3.5. 1. 1 In team competitions, athletes can receive off-site guidance from anyone.
3.5. 1.2 In a single event, athletes can only receive off-site guidance from one person, and the identity of this instructor should be in front of the competition.
The referee's explanation; If a pair of doubles players come from different associations, they can authorize one instructor respectively; Such as an unauthorized person.
As a guide, the referee should show a red card to keep him away from the competition area.
Is that clear enough?