Did ancient wizards really predict accurately? Seek an answer

In some novels, it is often mentioned that ancient wizards can pinch and calculate and recite spells. Is that really the case? Let's look at how it was predicted in ancient history. In ancient times, prophecy was actually divination. How to calculate? There are two ways to predict: in ancient times, people used the shoulder blades or tortoise shells of cattle to drill into the sky, and then looked at the direction of cracks after barbecue to predict good or bad luck. This is called divination, which means divination. From the Oracle Bone Inscriptions discovered in Xiaotun, Anyang, it is found that this divination method was popular in Shang Dynasty in China. After divination, divination was born. Judging from the writing of divination, the word "bamboo" above represents vegetation, and the word "witch" below shows that divination uses vegetation and the like to predict good or bad luck. The ninth chapter of the Book of Changes records the divination methods in the Book of Changes transmitted by Confucius, which contains a large number of numerical calculations. The characteristic of divination is numbers, that is, judging the good or bad luck through the calculation of numbers. After a long time, eight diagrams and sixty-four hexagrams appeared, characterized by painting. There was "divination" before "divination" in history. After the appearance of "divination", "divination" did not disappear, but once existed at the same time. Divination, divination and divination are all used to distinguish good from bad. The process and content of divination are completely mysterious. Divination consists of two parts, one is rational numerical calculation, and the other is mysterious religious prophecy. Experts engaged in divination are called "witches". Witches are the earliest intellectuals in ancient China. They often serve as advisers to the monarch and have great authority and status. Later, their authority gradually narrowed. In order to win people's trust, witches gradually reduced the mysterious elements of divination and divination, and added some common sense content. After accumulation from generation to generation, divination and divination have a religious mystery, but they also contain more rational factors. Everything people come into contact with at first is tangible, and divination mainly uses tangible "images" to predict and judge luck, which is closely related to the judge's special perception. They use tangible and special things to infer all the information. This method is more convenient and simple, and it can predict the development of things without complicated procedures. That is to say, divination can omit many complicated intermediate processes and directly perceive "external" things. However, it becomes much more complicated when encountering embarrassment, and it is necessary to use numbers to judge good or bad luck, which shows that people's abstract thinking ability has been improved. Later, the Book of Changes, with philosophical significance, originated from people's divination activities, and it is also the birthplace of China's philosophy. Therefore, it can be said that philosophy originated from people's primitive religious or superstitious activities, that is, from people's daily life. Some numerical calculations of divination are undoubtedly beneficial to the progress of science, and divination is closer to religious, philosophical and literary activities. Zhouyi may have sorted out the achievements of divination and divination, and it may be related to this that Zhouyi can become the research object of many disciplines. Then, we can use many disciplines to study Zhouyi, use many disciplines to verify the conclusions in Zhouyi, and also use Zhouyi to study and verify many disciplines. The different prediction functions of divination and divination themselves contain "image" (painting) and "number" (concept), but people need to distinguish and grasp them. "Divination" is directed at "things themselves", so it is closer to "things themselves", and divination is an abstraction of things to a certain extent. The improvement of abstract thinking ability has two consequences: first, it is conducive to the development of science and culture; second, it makes people's thinking separate from "things themselves", thus being separated or taken out of context. At the beginning of mankind, it was intimate with nature itself, almost to the point of "integration" This intimate relationship between man and nature makes people know more about nature, so people can see the details and infer the whole and the whole according to the "image" of small changes in things-this is the "physiognomy" of nature. Divination has the meaning of calculation, which is the predecessor of mathematical reasoning, and mathematical reasoning may deviate from the truth. The function of "divination" seems to be more direct and powerful, but it is not accepted by people. Divination is more credible to people, and "divination" gradually loses its meaning of existence. It is necessary and inevitable that "divination" develops into divination. Divination is the progress and retrogression of divination. Compared with "divination", divination has progressive significance, that is, it promotes the ability of mental activities such as abstraction, reasoning and calculus that are divorced from actual things; Compared with "divination", divination also has retrogressive significance, that is, it is divorced from "practice" and things themselves, and only pays attention to the deduction of mental labor to judge facts and practical things. The development process from "divination" to "divination" is a process in which physical strength and brain power, man and nature are separated from each other. Brain power and physical strength are integrated and chaotic, and man and nature are integrated. The members of this "family" and "unity" are familiar with each other and can understand and perceive each other, so it is not surprising that man and nature can "inform" each other and man can predict things. From the beginning, human beings personified nature and regarded nature as an aura-like existence. The reason why people can predict is the result of conforming to nature, consulting nature and commanding nature. The whole process is the process of interaction between man and nature. The discussion between man and nature shows that there is equal exchange between man and nature. At the same time, we must pay something and give up some of our rights, so that human beings have the right to control nature. This is a "heart-to-heart" communication between people and things. Just like if you want to command and control a computer and talk and communicate with it, you must learn computer programs. How do wizards make predictions? At the beginning, the relationship between man and nature was not just equal communication, but the most important relationship was attachment. They think that they are a part of nature and that people are not superior to other natural objects. People obey nature, but also know nature very well and can obey its orders. Since man is a part of nature, regardless of you and me, then "man" is nature, and man and nature are integrated. Of course, "people" at that time did not realize this, but unconsciously merged with nature, because people and nature are one. Of course, on the other hand, nature is a part of human beings, "human beings" are thinking, and people are thinking about themselves and nature. Then, if there is something wrong with a certain part of nature (orientation), "human" can feel it at once. This is the most basic truth that "divination" can predict. For modern people, it is incredible and unattainable. Some ancient wizards still retain this "ability", that is to say, they still have that primitive wisdom. They are still close to nature (including "people" and nature and society other than "people"), and they still have some "extraordinary" sensitivity to nature. This is a natural thing for wizards. Sometimes they will tell everyone that they are outside (for him, the reason why later wizards are hated is related to their own special perception, because for most people, many things are incredible. If the wizard continues to maintain his powerful predictive ability, he will be rejected, envied and attacked, so he will fall into a dilemma that many people don't understand. At this time, the wizard can perceive the meaning of everyone, and everyone is also a part of nature for him. Therefore, he should also act according to the orders of nature and stop showing his predictive ability too much. On the other hand, he will gradually converge and even lose his original perception. Under the attack of everyone, some wizards will gradually weaken some functions left on themselves. After man loses contact with nature, the wizard's "special" behavior and ability will be punished, cursed and even sentenced. They lost their former glory. Therefore, wizards can only exert their special abilities of perception and prediction under certain circumstances. Without certain procedures and mysterious atmosphere, they can't enter their previous roles. Only through incredible "mysterious" movements or "spells" can they continue to keep in touch and dialogue with nature, which is also a necessary means to eliminate people's doubts. They must convincingly express their predictions and opinions. Their closeness to nature must also be carried out in a way that nature "likes", otherwise, nature will not be allowed to enter their "heaven". Predictive function of the Book of Changes Let's take a look at the Book of Changes developed on the basis of divination. The original Book of Changes was composed of a set of symbols, namely hexagrams. Divination comes from observing objective things. People distinguish yin and yang from chaotic things. These two kinds of things coexist, but they are opposite in nature, and are represented by two symbols: "-"(that is, Yang) and "-"(Yin) respectively. When human beings know things, as a whole, they know Yang, and then they know Yin, which is before the separation of Yin and Yang. After separating Yin and Yang, it is found that everything contains Yin and Yang. Distinguishing between things is to distinguish how much yin and yang things contain, that is, to separate numbers from the image of things. According to the number of yin and yang contained in things, the symbols of yin and yang are superimposed three times to form eight diagrams, that is, eight diagrams. Gossip represents eight different things, eight different things. Combine gossip into 64 hexagrams and 384 hexagrams, which represent everything. The development from divination to Yijing shows that people's grasp of the world has changed from a direct way to an indirect way, that is, from experience to symbols. Since each hexagram represents a kind of thing, as long as we understand the relationship between hexagrams, it means that we understand the relationship between things and infer things accordingly. The appearance of hexagram painting is also a symbolic process for people to know the world. However, the painting of six hexagrams is not written, so it is necessary to add words as the name of six hexagrams and explain it. After a long period of accumulation, in addition to the painting of hexagrams, the Book of Changes also contains the literal explanations of the names and words of hexagrams, which have become the "classics" of the Book of Changes, and the "classics" contain profound philosophy. The Book of Changes eventually evolved from a perceptual image system to a rich philosophical and cultural system. The culture we are talking about today is also a set of symbol systems separated from the experience world, and the human cultural system has formed an incomparably powerful world. Supplementing the hexagrams in the Book of Changes shows that the hexagrams are rich in truth, and it also shows that the hexagrams' generalization of the world is reasonable. When people used divination to judge good or bad luck, the Book of Changes appeared. In essence, The Book of Changes is also a book of divination. After the book of changes had its word, philosophy became its mainstream. According to legend, Confucius made a biography of the Book of Changes, that is, the Book of Changes, which explained the profound thoughts hidden behind divination in the philosophical language that was easy to understand at that time. The combination of "Classics" and "Biography" formed the famous philosophical work Zhouyi in the history of China. Philosophy originated from people's divination activities, and it must contain profound insight and wisdom of prediction, although it is not as direct as divination's prediction of things. Divination was easily accepted in a certain period, and fortune tellers were also very authoritative at that time. On the one hand, the powerful ability of fortune tellers is easy to be doubted, because their insight and prediction ability are too direct; On the other hand, authority makes people superstitious. Superstition is not only fascination with people or things that cannot be trusted, but also fascination with all authorities and phenomena. At this time, the influence of divination becomes negative, and the fortune teller has to hide under people's suspicion and his own bad influence. How modern people retreat from the science of divination is conducive to the development of religion, philosophy, art and literature, and it is necessary for human beings to have this knowledge and wisdom. Religion and philosophy have become "authorities" in different periods or regions of human history. If they are superstitious, they will also cause people's panic, suspicion and attack. When a cultural form develops to a certain period, it is bound to be hidden like the historical fate of divination, and any kind of wisdom can only appear in the territory where they play a role. But human wisdom will never stop showing and performing, which shows that people have unlimited potential and show different forms under certain conditions and scope. The powerful functions of human beings are gradually externalized and made into a series of tool systems to keep in touch and "talk" with nature. This is the result of rational thinking replacing perceptual thinking and the expression of scientific progress. Modern people's scientific knowledge and skills are close to the original "special" perception ability. Some people still retain the functions of ancient wizards, but they can only keep silent and will not reveal the "secrets" of nature. First, because everyone is puzzled, first, because they are "family" with nature, they don't want to expose too many secrets of nature, because it is also hurting themselves. They believe that human beings, as a member or part of nature, deviate from the original "agreement" and treat human beings with great forgiveness, while people ignore the original agreement. When human beings are unscrupulous, they will naturally get angry. In today's era, complex mathematical reasoning can be used to predict a complex thing, which expands the function of science in real life, so that people can easily form operations on a thing, and all the deduction processes can be completed by computers. Some intelligent computers can even "perceive" the future like wizards, which greatly saves people's "perception" activities and reduces people's "perception" ability. At present, the world dominated by scientific and technological rationality, on the one hand, suppresses people's perceptual ability, and people's sensibility is greatly weakened. Only with the help of tools other than ourselves can we "know" and "understand" the outside world; On the other hand, scientific and technological rationality has done harm to the natural environment, broken the harmonious relationship between man and nature, and the ecology is deteriorating day by day. When scientific rationality becomes the object of authority, superstition and doubt, mankind will have to choose another form of wisdom. So human beings are trying to return, which is the return after a long journey. With a series of advanced technologies and means, human beings will return to the same intimate state with nature as before.