Not to mention the painstaking efforts of Cao Xueqin's "ten-year annotation, five additions and deletions", the amazing foreshadowing metaphor, the love swan song that makes people cry and the flower-like woman that makes people lament, people have to admit that this is a masterpiece.
There is Shakespeare in the west and Cao Xueqin in China. A Dream of Red Mansions has attracted countless "literati" to bend over, China.
A dream of red mansions began to appear in the early years of Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty, and has been developing to the present, becoming more and more powerful. The study of A Dream of Red Mansions mainly includes Cao research, edition research, lost articles research, fat research and so on, which can be attributed to the research and textual research on the text and author of A Dream of Red Mansions. Over the past 200 years, Dream of Red Mansions has produced many schools, including criticism school, topic chanting school, research school, dream interpretation school and falsification school. In the history of China and even the whole world, there has never been such a huge research school on a book and an author. Famous writers who are fascinated by A Dream of Red Mansions include Hu Shi, Zhou, Zhang Ailing, Wang Guowei and Liu. , showing the artistic charm of a dream of red mansions, especially the series of programs "Revealing a Dream of Red Mansions" launched by the lecture hall a few years ago.
, but also pushed a dream of red mansions to a peak of hot discussion among the whole people.
Why does a broken book have such great vitality and charm after all, attracting so many literati from ancient times to the present?
Drunk in it, and why, so many authoritative literary studies in China have not been thoroughly analyzed and understood for many years?
There are three main points.
First of all,
A Dream of Red Mansions has an ideological height unmatched by classical novels in previous dynasties. As we all know,
A Dream of Red Mansions is one of the four classical novels in ancient China. Generally speaking, A Dream of Red Mansions reflects the social situation in the late Qing Dynasty, which is highly ideological and artistic. Cao Xueqin has a preliminary democratic thought.
He profoundly criticized the darkness of real society, court and officialdom, the decay of feudal aristocratic class and their families, and the feudal imperial examination, marriage, handmaiden, hierarchy and social ruling thought.
And put forward vague ideals and ideas with the nature of preliminary democracy. In terms of story content, A Dream of Red Mansions takes the daily life of the government as the center, the love and marriage tragedies of Baoyu, Daiyu and Baochai as the main line, and the history of Jia, Shi, Wang and Xue, the four famous families in Jinling as the dark line, which shows the inevitable trend that the feudal society will eventually perish. With its tortuous and obscure expression, desolate and deep emotional style and strong and lofty ideological connotation, it has irreplaceable research value in China's ancient folk customs, feudal system, social landscape, architectural inscriptions and other fields, reaching the peak of China's classical novels.
Known as the "encyclopedia of feudal society in China".
The ideological height of A Dream of Red Mansions is the peak of classical novels in past dynasties, which has inspired people's democratic thoughts to some extent.
Awaken. This is not just a novel, it has risen to the political level and institutional level, and its ideas and essence are no longer carried by just a few hundred pages of thin paper. Many great men have praised A Dream of Red Mansions. Mao Zedong once said that I have read A Dream of Red Mansions at least three times? I read it as history. A dream of red mansions was written by four families, and the class struggle was fierce. There are hundreds of people in his book, including 300 to 400 people, among whom only 33 people are the ruling class, accounting for about one tenth, and the rest are oppressed, all slaves, more than 300, Yuanyang, Siqi, You Erjie and You Sanjie.
Wait? It's meaningless to talk about history without taking the viewpoint of class struggle. A Dream of Red Mansions respects women. "
Needless to say, the ideological level of A Dream of Red Mansions is the second important reason for its enduring popularity in China's literary world is its artistic level. For example, its incisive and vivid language, rich and tortuous stories, vivid characters, exquisite metaphors and so on. It is like a multi-faceted diamond, and each side can reflect the flashing light.
Lu Xun commented: "Confucian scholars saw the Book of Changes, Taoists saw lewdness, gifted scholars saw lingering, and revolutionaries saw fullness.
Gossip saw Gong Wei's secret? Before my eyes, Baoyu saw that he saw many deaths; Prove to be many relatives
It is a great distress, because there are many unfortunate people in the world. "(Episode Collection Supplement, Introduction to the Flower Master in the Crimson Cave)"
"Written in the book, although nothing more than feelings of sadness and joy, traces of gathering and scattering, character accidents, get rid of the old stereotypes, which is quite different from previous human novels? Guy's narrative is true, and it is because of realism that it is transformed into freshness. ("A Brief History of Chinese Novels") Zhou Zeng commented:
"A Dream of Red Mansions is a unique' cultural novel' of the Chinese nation through the ages. Judging from all the important novels of China in Ming and Qing Dynasties, no one has such amazing, extensive and profound cultural connotation as A Dream of Red Mansions? This book is full of the essence of China traditional culture? Reading A Dream of Red Mansions is better than reading ancient classics. In Cao Xueqin's works, it is more cordial, vivid and vivid, which makes people feel as if they are in the article.
Experience this situation and understand its meaning. Wang Meng believes that "the most touching story is the story of the stone". Liu on the writing of A Dream of Red Mansions.
Yes: "The grass snake grey line, the pulse is thousands of miles away."
Different people have different opinions, but the artistry of A Dream of Red Mansions is beyond doubt.
There is even a poem that says: What about China culture? Siku thousands of books is hard to know. Confucius and Mencius are not as wonderful as Cao Zi, and the lotus has tears. China culture contains this. Laugh and grieve. If you can get Lin Tong's last words, you should be ashamed of your clumsy tongue in the Spring and Autumn Period.
"Everything is clear and knowledgeable, and the cultivation of human feelings is an article." This is a couplet in Ning Guofu's book. Book description
Painting all kinds of people can be described as "the world" and "human feelings". Nothing can move us more than Jia Baoyu and Da.
Look at those beautifully dressed women in the garden. Jia Baoyu is a freak. He believes that "the beauty of mountains, rivers, the sun and the moon is only
Yu Zhong's daughter, a man with a man's beard, is just scum. "Baoyu" hangs around at home all day, loving and pitying girls. This shocking thought and behavior can be regarded as "heterogeneous" in feudal society. And "Twelve Women in Jinling", these twelve gorgeous women with distinctive personalities and myriad auras, wrote the beauty of women in the world. Their talent, wisdom and tolerance even make contemporary men feel ashamed. In the Grand View Garden, this elephant
In the tooth tower, they bloom brilliantly, as Tagore said, "Life is as gorgeous as summer flowers". But their ending is again
How tragic and heartbreaking! Petals withered, beautiful jade sank into the mud, leaving Xiao in the Grand View Garden.
The rope is desolate.
A dream of red mansions is the hall of explorers. This is the third reason why A Dream of Red Mansions will remain immortal. Generally speaking, just
But it has too many mysteries. A Dream of Red Mansions is an incomplete book, and Cao Xueqin wrote the first eighty chapters. Although he has a lot of hints and foreshadowing for everyone's ending, people have never stopped speculating and exploring the last forty chapters, and there is no recognized authoritative statement so far.
Zhang Ailing once said: "Some people say that the' three major hates' are' one hates prickly shad and the other hates tasteless begonia'.
The third thing I don't remember, maybe it's because I subconsciously think it should be' three hates a dream of red mansions unfinished'.
On the other hand, imperfection is also a kind of beauty, and it is precisely because of the lack of these forty times that a dream of red mansions adds a little mystery and attracts countless people's pursuit and exploration. About the last forty chapters, some people say that during the Republic of China, the last complete book was sold by an old scholar to a waste collector, and the world no longer exists. It is also said that the complete works of Cao Xueqin are now in the hands of a Japanese. Another university professor said that when he was in middle school, he read the whole book in the middle school library. The credibility of this rumor cannot be guaranteed, but the enthusiasm and fun of pursuing secrets is almost a miracle in the history of literature. Of course, it can also be regarded as China people's praise of A Dream of Red Mansions.
And Qian Qian Wan Wan's "The Mystery of a Dream of Red Mansions", as a talk after dinner, three cups and two glasses of wine are true or false. When drinking a little wine with friends, everything is a joke!