Scientific literacy test
A. Scientific viewpoint (judging right or wrong)
1, the geocentric temperature is very high.
The earth goes around the sun.
The oxygen we breathe comes from plants.
The father's genes determine the sex of the child.
Laser is produced by convergent sound waves.
6. Electrons are smaller than atoms
7. Antibiotics can kill bacteria and viruses.
8. The universe originated from the Big Bang.
For millions of years, the continent we live in has been drifting slowly and will continue to drift.
10. As far as we know, human beings evolved from early animals.
1 1. Smoking can cause lung cancer.
12, the earliest humans and dinosaurs lived in the same era.
13, milk containing radioactive substances is harmless to human body after boiling.
14, the speed of light is faster than the speed of sound
15, all radioactive phenomena are man-made.
16. It takes one day for the earth to go around the sun.
In China, about 8.9% of the public can correctly answer the scientific viewpoint of 10, 5.0% of the scientific viewpoint of 12, 2.3% of the scientific viewpoint of 14, and only 0.4% of all scientific viewpoints.
B. Scientific method (selection)
1, "scientific research" refers to which of the following?
① Observation, reasoning and experiment.
② Introduce, popularize and use new technologies.
③ Observe, explain and summarize.
Scientists want to know whether a new drug for treating hypertension is effective. Which of the following methods do you think is the most correct? (Test your knowledge of "comparative experiment")
① Take this medicine to 1000 hypertensive patients, and then observe how many people's blood pressure has dropped.
② 500 hypertensive patients took this medicine, and the other 500 hypertensive patients did not take this medicine. Then, the blood pressure of the two groups was observed.
③ 500 patients with hypertension were given this medicine, and another 500 patients with hypertension were given an ineffective and harmless placebo with the same shape, and then their blood pressure was observed.
(4) unclear.
3. After the physical examination of a young man and woman who are about to get married, the doctor told them that if they get married and have children, the possibility of their children suffering from genetic diseases is 1/4. What do you think the doctor's words mean (test your knowledge of probability)
If their first three children are healthy, then the fourth child must have a genetic disease.
(2) If their first child has a genetic disease, then the next three children will not get a genetic disease.
All the children they give birth to may have genetic diseases.
If they only have three children, none of them will get genetic diseases.
⑤ Not clear.
C. the relationship between science and society
1. Do you believe in fortune telling, physiognomy, horoscope prediction, disc fairy or ask the spirits, and Duke Zhou?
Believe very much
(2) Some people believe.
(3) Don't believe it
I don't know
2. What would you do if any of the above forecasting methods told you that you would have a catastrophe in the near future?
neglect
(2) query books or ask relatives and friends.
(3) Avoid disasters according to the methods provided by forecasters.
I don't know
What do you think of science and technology?
The development of science and technology will provide more development opportunities for our future generations.
(2) Science and technology can enable China to catch up with western developed countries in recent years.
(3) Science and technology can't solve any problems facing mankind.
Even without science and technology, people can live a simple life and live well.
The development of technology may alienate people more and more.
The development of science and technology will make more and more people unemployed.
With science and technology, we can solve all the problems we face.
Scientists have knowledge, and their ability to change the world makes them terrible.
Pet-name ruby technology brings us both advantages and disadvantages, and the advantages outweigh the disadvantages.
Attending the continuous application of technology will eventually destroy the earth on which we live.
⑾ We rely too much on science and ignore faith.
The application of new scientific and technological achievements will make the work easier and more enjoyable.
Generally speaking, the work of scientists will make our lives better.
Although some scientific research can't bring us immediate results, it is necessary and the government should support it.
The relationship between science and society and the answers to its investigation and evaluation;
Most countries believe that the public's understanding of pseudoscience and superstition is also an important content to measure scientific literacy. The European Union, the United States and Japan take astrology and pseudoscience of lucky numbers as test questions in their surveys. China has various forms of superstition. According to the national conditions, a set of test questions is designed, which are "seeking for a sign, reading faces, constellation prediction, disc fairy or ask the spirits, Duke of Zhou". 20.5% people believe in "asking for a sign", 26.6% people believe in "physiognomy", and the proportion of people who believe in "constellation prediction, disc fairy or ask the spirits, Duke Zhou" decreases in turn.
In C "1",all five items are selected as "don't believe" or "don't know", which is initially confirmed as unbelief in superstition; Only when you choose to ignore in C "2" and ""at the same time can you prove that you are not superstitious.
C "3" is to understand the public's attitude towards the development of science and technology in China (positive, conservative, contradictory or overly optimistic), the views of urban and rural public on new scientific and technological products, and the attitude towards nature.
Additional topic of public survey: How much do you know about science in life?
Moonlight is the light from the moon itself.
Because the earth is far from the sun, it is very cold in winter and very hot in summer.
C. the working principle of thermometer is that it expands with heat and contracts with cold.
D. AIDS can be spread through the air
E. what color flowers plants bloom is determined by genes.
F. All bacteria are harmful to people.
G. the working principle of electronic computer is based on binary.
H. phosphate fertilizer can make crops full and early.
Scientific point of view answer:
1, right; 2. Right; 3. Right; 4. Right; 5. no; 6. Right; 7. no; 8. Right; 9. Right; 10, right; 1 1, right; 12, wrong; 13, wrong; 14, right; 15, wrong; 16, wrong.
Scientific method answer:
1、①; 2、③; 3、③。
Answers to questions attached to public surveys
Answer: A. (Wrong); B. (wrong); C. (right); D. (wrong); E. (right); F. (wrong); G. (right); H. (right)
Seven tops.