When the pebbles of Tian Huangshi were found in Shoushan Creek, there must be a high mountain vein at its source. At the beginning of Qing Dynasty, pebbles were found in Li's creek in Changle County, so he spent money to buy Yueyang Mountain, and told future generations that Yueyang Mountain sold skins instead of bones. He concluded that there must be a large number of Shoushan stone mines in the rocks of Yueyang Mountain. Later, people really mined "hibiscus stone" in Yueyang Mountain.
(2) looking for boulders in the mountains
The subvolcanic rocks were exposed to each other through wind and rain erosion, then cracked and broken, and the Shoushan stone sandwiched in the rock also collapsed and rolled down the hillside. Therefore, the discovery of this kind of stone shows that there are veins of Shoushan stone in the nearby mountains.
(3) Using waterline to find ore vein
There is a jargon among stone farmers in Shoushan village: there is no stone without water. Shoushan stone is condensed after magma fills the cracks in the rock. Although the cracks in the rock are filled, there are still cracks, through which both surface water and groundwater leak and trickle out of the surface. In Shoushan, where there is water, there are veins; Without water, there would be no veins.
(4) Looking for veins directly from rocks.
It is found that there is a filled Shoushan stone vein in the rock crevice, which can be excavated along the vein. This is the most accurate prospecting method. It is said that this is how the monk cave was dug.
Question 2: How did the ancients explore and mine gold? Various gold mining methods in ancient times (1) Types of gold deposits. Gold resources are mainly divided into two categories: one is vein gold deposits, which are mostly distributed in mountainous areas and formed by internal geological processes (mainly volcanism, magmatism and metamorphism), and vein gold deposits are also called mountain gold deposits and endogenetic gold deposits; The other is placer gold, which is exposed from mountain gold mines, broken into gold particles, gold flakes and gold powder after long-term weathering and denudation, and then gathered under the separation of running water through the carrying action of wind and running water, and deposited on rivers, lakes and coasts, forming alluvial, diluvial or coastal placer gold deposits. After weathering and denudation of some mountain gold deposits, debris products accumulate in situ to form residual placer gold deposits; If piled up along the slope, alluvial placer gold deposits will be formed. Placer gold deposits, also known as exogenous gold deposits, can be formed in Paleozoic, Mesozoic, Tertiary, Quaternary or modern times. In addition, there is an associated gold mine with low gold content, which is often recovered and comprehensively utilized in the processing of non-ferrous metal mines. In ancient China, there were mountain gold and placer gold. However, the meaning of mountain gold not only refers to vein gold deposits, but also includes eluvial and slope placer gold deposits, that is, gold produced in mountains. Ancient placer gold deposits can be divided into water gold (placer gold washed from water and sand) and placer gold mined peacefully. In placer gold mines, large-grained gold, which is obviously different from most gold grains, is called nugget, commonly known as nugget. The discovery of gold nuggets is usually considered as a major event in the history of gold mining. "Tiangong Wu Kai?" "Hardware" said: Among thousands of people, one person got a gold nugget named Mama Jin. Most gold nuggets occur in alluvial placer gold deposits, and some occur in secondary enrichment zones near the surface. Through comparative analysis, Mr. Lu Benshan and others found a new understanding of vein gold deposits in Ming Dynasty: First, traces of vein gold deposits in historical materials. The existing inscription on the eastern steep wall of Xiaoqinling Gold Mine at the junction of Shaanxi and Henan reads: "From June 20th, the second year of Jingtai (14 15), 300 caves were opened. It can be seen that the mining scale is large. Xiaoqinling gold ore field is steep, with an altitude of 650-2400 meters. The ore body consists of gold veins and ore-bearing altered mylonite, accompanied by copper, lead, silver, tungsten and a large number of pyrite. "Tiangong Wu Kai? Hardware: Duojin is in the southwest, and the cave is more than ten feet. This record refers to the mining of vein gold deposits. Modern geological exploration shows that vein gold deposits are dominant in southwest China, such as Sichuan. The placer gold mined in ancient Yunnan also came from the Zhongshan gold mine in Jinsha River (ancient Lishui) basin, and it was still mined here in the late Qing Dynasty. The gold deposits in * * * area have Himalayan metallogenic belt, and the richness of * * * gold has been very famous in the era of abandoning the Sect and praising it. Forty-eight pieces of gold in Fang Yizhi's Tong Ya in Ming Dynasty were horseshoe gold. Qing Gu Yingtai's "Introduction to Natural History" Volume III Linyi Cave stone horseshoe gold bars, chiseled to take them, shaped like horseshoes. Also called horseshoe gold, it is also a kind of raw gold. The mountain gold mentioned here may refer to vein gold deposits. Second, the relationship between associated gold and vein gold deposits. There are many records about the description of associated stones in the literature. Compendium of Materia Medica (Volume 83 1) quotes Notes on Materia Medica: (Chen) The Tibetan wares say: Shu Ren takes gold and digs deep, all the stones are black and burnt, and there is gold under the stones. Why is it a powder stone? Qu Dajun's Guangdong Newspeak Volume 15 quoted Shi Hangji: After digging, a stone of thunder was found, which was brown in color and black at one end. It is a stone with gold, and there must be a horseshoe with gold. Next to Gaidansha is a crystal bed, and next to gold is a powder stone. It can be seen that silty stone is associated with stone. Yi Yan of Materia Medica, written by Song Kouzong, Volume 5: Gold nuggets, that is, caves or hundreds of feet long, see associated stones, which are brown in stone and black in fire at one end, so gold is inevitable, and its gold is deep red and yellow. "Tiangong Ming Wu Kai? Hardware: Southwest China is rich in gold. Expand the cave to more than ten feet. When you see associated stones, you can see gold. Its stone is brown, and its head is like a black fire. However, in the caves in Yi Li, Lingnan, gold first appeared like a black iron waterfall, and was dug up under a few feet of black charred stones. From the above, it can be seen that goldsmiths have regarded associated stones as prospecting criteria for gold deposits. As long as you find the companion stone, you will surely see the gold mine. Third, the primary silver-gold deposit belongs to vein gold deposit. & gt
Question 3: What should I do if I find a gold mine on my mountain? Can you dig? Do you want to give it to the country? You didn't even know it was mine. Can you determine whether it is gold or other metal ore? . .
Question 4: How to tell whether there is gold ore 1 on the mountain? First, understand the local mineral resources and whether there are mining relics.
2. Check whether there is mineralized ore at the site.
3. Commissioned sampling for testing.
Question 5: How did the ancients explore gold deposits? The mining process and method had nothing to do with geomantic omen. The ancient gold rush was inherited by several generations. According to the timely vein direction, gold panning is simply re-selected, put in a wooden trough, washed with water and dustpan.
Question 6: There are all gold mines here, and some people have mined in the mountains, and the ore line is not particularly good. How can I find a good ore line? Metal deposits are composed of metal minerals, generally composed of a series of related minerals. Usually, the types of iron ore are relatively simple, generally consisting of hematite, magnetite and other major minerals; Copper ore is composed of mineral assemblage, including chalcopyrite, chalcocite, bornite, malachite, sky blue and so on. Gold deposits are composed of different mineral assemblages, including pyrite, arsenopyrite and timely assemblage. Different metallogenic temperatures form different mineral assemblages, thus forming different minerals.
Question 7: What kind of mountains can form the gold treasure in the gold field? They mainly exist in the form of rock gold and placer gold, and there are also associated gold, such as celestial movement, the formation of the earth, the eruption of ancient orogeny, magmatic eruption, and the inclusion of gold in the core. Gold-rich mountain ranges form placer gold deposits in sunshine weathering, lightning, storms, landslides, mud stones, floods and precipitation in stable areas of rivers.
According to scientific determination and inference, about 2.6 billion years ago, in Archean, volcanic eruption brought a large amount of gold from the core to the mantle and crust along cracks, and then formed the original gold source through marine deposition and regional metamorphism. About 1 100 million years ago, due to the strong force, the crust was deformed and folded out of the sea, and the gold material was activated and migrated to form a gold field, which is what we call rock gold.
In rock gold-rich areas, a large amount of natural gold is often left after rock oxidation. After tens of millions of years of weathering and denudation, the shallow rock gold on the surface has turned into sand. Because of its stable nature, it dissociates into monomers, which are deposited in the stable water of the river due to its heavy specific gravity during river transportation, thus forming placer gold deposits. At the same time, due to the affinity of placer gold, it rolls from small to large in the process of river transportation, forming granular gold of different sizes.
Gold deposits formed in the process of natural change can be roughly divided into three categories: rock gold deposits, placer gold deposits and associated gold deposits. The reserve ratio of rock gold, associated gold and placer gold in the world is about 70: 15: 15. Among them, rock gold deposits can be divided into several genetic types: magmatic hydrothermal type, metamorphic hydrothermal type, volcanic hydrothermal type, sedimentary metamorphic type, hot water leaching type and metamorphic conglomerate type.
The proportion of all kinds of gold deposits in the world's total reserves is: metamorphic conglomerate type 56.2%, metamorphic hydrothermal type 12.4%, associated gold 9.5%, placer gold 8.9%, magmatic hydrothermal type and volcanic hydrothermal type 7.0%, hot water leaching type 0.9%.
From a global perspective, according to the structural units of gold deposits, they can be divided into four types: shield metallogenic areas, platform and edge metallogenic areas, geosyncline folded belt metallogenic areas and Pacific Rim metallogenic areas. Among them, the gold reserves produced in the shield account for 25.6-27.8% of the world's total reserves; Paleozoic platform caprock was partially activated in Mesozoic, accounting for 1. 1- 1.3%, and excellent geosyncline accounted for 12.9- 15.6%. Underground trough area, accounting for1.1-1.2%; However, the structural area of paleoplatform caprock accounts for 47. 1-47.7%.
Gold deposits formed in the process of natural change can be roughly divided into three categories: rock gold deposits, placer gold deposits and associated gold deposits. The reserve ratio of rock gold, associated gold and placer gold in the world is about 70: 15: 15. Among them, rock gold deposits can be divided into several genetic types: magmatic hydrothermal type, metamorphic hydrothermal type, volcanic hydrothermal type, sedimentary metamorphic type, hot water leaching type and metamorphic conglomerate type.
Generally, gold deposits are originally gold-rich rocks, which are enriched again by magmatic hydrothermal solution or metamorphism, thus forming a high-grade ore that can be mined! Gold is generally related to the time-dependent pulse rich in pyrite.
In the distant universe, there are stars bigger than the solar system. When they burn, a fusion reaction will take place, from hydrogen to helium, and then from helium to heavier metals. Finally, when they fuse into gold, the stars will explode, ejecting a large number of gold atoms into the universe. After that, a big substance made up of atoms,
4.5 billion years ago, when the earth was formed, many small celestial bodies in the universe carried some gold, which was melted when it hit the earth. Because of the high density of gold, gold sank to the center of the earth, so now gold mining is underground.
So, maybe there is a lot of gold near the center of the earth. The formation of gold deposits is a precious legacy of the earth's formation, and all these substances are called gold by human beings. During the formation of the earth, due to the supernova explosion, many heavy metal elements, including gold, were produced, and the fragments aggregated into terrestrial planets, while Jupiter and Saturn did not have such remnants.
Forming factors of placer gold
The formation of placer gold mainly depends on three factors: placer gold supply source, hydrodynamic conditions and landform characteristics. This paper focuses on the comprehensive analysis of the distribution characteristics of placer gold in China from these three aspects.
Distribution conditions of placer gold
1. The distribution of placer gold is strictly controlled by gold-bearing bodies.
"Gold-bearing body" is the material basis for the formation of placer gold and directly affects its distribution. The so-called "gold-bearing bodies" mainly include rock gold mineralization bodies, associated gold deposits (spots) and gold-bearing abundance. & gt
Question 8: A small gold mine was found at the top of the mountain. Is it worth developing? A 20-cent gold mine is certainly worth developing.
Process: after discovering the gold mine, keep quiet, wait for the daughter-in-law to fall asleep in the middle of the night, and dig with tools such as iron bridge.
Question 9: Whether primary gold ore is found in rivers or mountains and seas, the mining cost is greater than the value of gold.
Question 10: Is the gold ore at the top of the mountain or at the foot of the mountain? The solar altitude angle is referred to as the solar altitude angle (in fact, it is an angle! For a certain place on the earth, the height of the sun refers to the angle between the incident direction of sunlight and the ground plane. The height of the sun is the most important factor to determine how much solar heat energy the earth's surface gets. We use h to represent this angle, which is numerically equal to the sun sitting horizontally in the celestial sphere.
Noon \ Zichang
Solar Altitude Angle Solar Altitude Angle is referred to as solar Altitude Angle (actually, it is an angle! For a certain place on the earth, the height of the sun refers to the angle between the incident direction of sunlight and the ground plane. The height of the sun is the most important factor to determine how much solar heat energy the earth's surface gets. We use h to represent this angle, which is numerically equal to the sun sitting horizontally in the celestial sphere.