The discovery of the Black Water City unveiled the mystery of a dynasty without official records.
Words were lost, people were destroyed, and the imperial tomb was stolen.
Only other kings in history have left us only a few words.
The Black Water City in "Ghost Blows Lights in the Dragon Tomb Cave" contains the treasure of the Black General and the dust beads that have been lost for thousands of years, attracting the covet of countless explorers and grave robbers.
Touched the captain's partridge whistle and broke his arm here.
Dust beads are fictional; Black Water City and its treasures are really real.
The Black Water City is now called Ejina, at the junction of Inner Mongolia, Outer Mongolia and Gansu.
It is said that General mongolia black (Harry Bater) was stationed here, was besieged by the enemy and threw all the treasures in the city into the well.
Russian explorer potanin is convinced of the existence of the treasure of Black Water City;
I looked for it many times, but it was all in vain.
Russian kozlov bribed Mongolian monarch Baden Zasack to find the Black Water City.
There are not rich treasures in the city, but there are "priceless treasures" that shocked the world.
More than 30 pagodas and towers have been dug up in kozlov.
More than 8,000 kinds of documents written in Chinese, Tibetan, Uygur, Mongolian, Persian and other languages were stolen.
Buddha statues, coin ornaments, pottery and ironware, fabric sculptures, filled with 10 boxes, were shipped to St. Petersburg, Russia.
There are a huge number of cultural relics, which took nearly a century from 1909 in kozlov to 1996 in St. Petersburg, where the preliminary arrangement was basically completed.
Today's black water city, broken walls, is like an old man living.
Masonry tiles, ceramic fragments, rusty iron, broken stupas, weathered bones, broken stone mills. ...
It is faintly visible that the prosperity of the frontier fortress black water city 900 years ago.
1938, 30 years after the discovery of Black Water City, German pilot Caster saw a magical scene in Yinchuan.
Nine huge white mounds are arranged on the vast Ningxia Plain:
Termite pile? Pyramid? Or the remains of prehistoric civilization?
Custer's heart is full of questions.
Maybe some tombs in ancient China?
Caster didn't associate it with Xixia.
There are very few historical materials, and even the academic circles know little about Xixia.
Some archaeologists even think that this is a tomb of the Tang Dynasty.
It was not until 197 1 that the white mound discovered in castel was finally confirmed as the Xixia Mausoleum.
Xixia mausoleum is located on the east side of the south section of the middle section of Helan Mountain. The designer of the mausoleum is said to be from the Central Plains and is very familiar with Feng Shui.
Xixia Mausoleum imitates the mausoleum system of the Central Plains, absorbs the national characteristics of the Tangut, and is arranged like Beidou nine planets.
(The Big Dipper, auxiliary star and Bi Xing are collectively called the nine planets of the Big Dipper. Auxiliary stars and binary stars gradually disappear, and the nine planets of Beidou are "seven now and two hidden". )
The rubbings unearthed from No.7 Mausoleum of Xixia confirmed that the tomb belonged to Li Renxiao, the fifth emperor of Xixia.
Other tombs have been seriously damaged by theft, and the identity of the tomb owner has not been confirmed so far.
Who are the owners of these graves? Why was the mausoleum destroyed here?
Let's go back a thousand years.
Migration from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to Loess Plateau
Help Tang Ping book Huang Chao.
Occupy xiping county and become the king of Xia Dynasty.
According to Liao and Song Dynasties, governing the country by writing.
Great white people and the establishment of highland countries
……
Tuoba Sigong, Li and Li Deming are spiritual leaders and national heroes of the Tangut people.
Leading Xixia to develop from a weak tribe on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau into a Xixia empire that Liao and Song could not underestimate.
Zhou Xia, Lingzhou (Xiping Prefecture), Dijinze, Xingzhou, Xingqing Prefecture and Zhongxing Prefecture.
The expanding territory witnessed the growing strength of Xixia.
Li was in Wuanbang, but when he went to Tubo, he was killed.
If you don't succeed in your career, give up halfway.
His son Li Deming succeeded to the throne.
The blood of the Tangut is rooted in martial arts and blood.
At the same time of the western expedition to Tibet and Uighur, the sphere of influence extended to Yumenguan and the whole Hexi Corridor.
On the one hand, it "attached to Liao and Song", and at the same time became a vassal of Liao and Song, and accepted the titles of the two countries to paralyze Song and Liao.
Vigorously develop the politics, economy and culture of Xixia in China, and respect Confucianism to govern the country moderately.
Great cause will become, Li Deming died suddenly.
The succession of his son Li Yuanhao made the Song Dynasty miserable.
Li Yuanhao as a teenager;
Cao Wei, a general of the Song Dynasty stationed on the Shaanxi border, heard of Li Yuanhao's bravery and sent someone to secretly paint Li Yuanhao.
Seeing his appearance, I can't help but marvel: "What a hero!"
A word became a prophecy.
Li Yuanhao became a threat to the Song Dynasty.
Sanchuankou Campaign, Haoshuichuan Campaign, Linfufeng Campaign, Dingchuan Village Campaign.
The iron kite army of Xixia was unable to fight back in the Song Dynasty.
1038, Li Yuanhao proclaimed himself emperor, established Xixia, and made its capital Xingqing House.
Abandon Li's surname and change it to "surname"
Create Xixia language and issue a bald order.
Chasing ancestors and building palaces.
With literary ambition and martial arts, Li Yuanhao created a three-legged world pattern of Song, Liao and Xixia.
Xixia kingdom, with a population of less than one million, is almost Enemy at the Gates.
Xixia women who went to war were called Ma Kui or Zhai Fu, and they did not lose the heroine Mulan and Yangmen women.
When women in Song Dynasty became subordinate to men, Xixia women had a great voice in politics and military affairs.
In the Xixia regime of 190, women held power for nearly 100 years.
In the vast land of northwest China, the rise of a tribe has made the countries of Eurasia fearful.
The fighters of the Mongolian army captured Western Liao, Xixia, Huala, Jin Dynasty, Southern Song Dynasty, Dali and other countries.
The Yuan Dynasty ruled the Sea of Japan in the east, the South China Sea in the south, Tianshan Mountain in the west and Lake Baikal in the north.
Xixia is a hard bone for Mongolia to conquer Eurasia.
When Mongolian fighters set foot on the territory of Xixia, the blood in the hearts of Tangut people was aroused.
Stubborn resistance is the last insistence of the Tangut.
Brave and unyielding, it is engraved in the flesh and blood of soldiers, soldiers and even everyone.
The Mongols stormed Luohai City, and their forces were very different. Gao Yi, deputy commander-in-chief of Xixia, was captured and would rather die than surrender.
The Mongolian army flooded the city, and the people in the city suffered numerous casualties, preferring death to surrender.
The Mongolian army besieged Xingqing House for half a year, running out of ammunition and food, and would rather die than surrender.
Integrity, dignity, blood, there is no surrender in the Tangut gene, only death in the battlefield.
Maybe it's really fate, maybe Xixia is really going to die.
The sudden earthquake in Zhongxing Prefecture became the last straw to overwhelm the Tangut.
If someone kills me, I can fight back. If the sky kills me, what do I want?
Natural disasters broke the last line of defense in the hearts of the Tangut people.
Six months after Mongolia besieged Zhongxing House, Li Gang, the last monarch of Xixia, personally presented the surrender.
Xixia, which ruled for 190 years, was destroyed by Mongolian fighters.
Then, it was a disaster.
The Mongolian army inherited Genghis Khan's legacy and kept it a secret. After the capture of Zhongxing House, they slaughtered the city to vent their anger.
Li Gang was killed, Zhongxing House was slaughtered, and the whereabouts of Xixia royal family were unknown.
Zhongxing mansion is shrouded in a layer of blood fog.
After Mongolia established the Yuan regime, it created history for Liao, Jin and Song Dynasties, except Xixia.
At this point, Xixia really disappeared from history.
We can only spy on the remains of Xixia from the corner of the official history of Yuan, Jin and Song.
1804, cutie, a historian of the Qing Dynasty, found a long-term closed stone tablet in Qingying Temple:
After opening the brick seal, "the words engraved on it are square." At first glance, they all seem to be recognizable, but when you look closely, you can't recognize a word.
On the other hand, it is engraved in Chinese, including the year when the monument was built:' God bless the people, five years in Jia 'an, fifteen years in Jia 'an, and five sons built it'. "
"God bless the people" is the title of Xixia, and the traditional Chinese characters on the tablet are Xixia language that has been lost for 900 years.
Unfortunately, no one can identify, distinguish and interpret it, and Xixia became extinct language.
Today, there are still a large number of Xixia characters that have not been deciphered.
The Buddhist statues, scriptures and other cultural relics unearthed in Heishui City reflect the glory and prosperity of Xixia culture in the past.
The fault of writing and culture caused Xixia to disappear in the historical torrent of nearly a thousand years.
Once our lives are buried, we can only piece together the revival road of Xixia from the fragments of official history.
Generations of Tangut people have worked hard and paved a road to a strong country with sweat and sweat.
900 years ago, there were only a few piles of broken loess left in the once splendid Xixia.
There is no written inheritance, no official history, and even the identity of the tomb owner is unknown.
Xixia has become a scenic spot, and an endless stream of tourists come full of hope and leave full of disappointment and complaints:
"Is it not a few mounds? There is nothing to see, and the ticket is lost. "
Unintentional complaints made the staff of Xixia mausoleum feel deep sorrow.
Standing in front of the mausoleum tower, I shed tears inexplicably.
What a magnificent culture, what a powerful nation, gorgeous rise and tragic death.
In the end, it only became a pile of loess piles that tourists called "lost tickets".
How sad and desolate.
The ancient tomb under Helan Mountain is very thick.
Clouds used to be kings and princes.
They are not mounds, but the final destination of a glorious dynasty.
900 years ago, Li Gang surrendered and was killed, and Xixia perished.
For 900 years, at the foot of Helan Mountain, the ancestors of Xixia silently looked down on the Zhongxing Mansion, which created countless legends, in another way.
The Tangut people have withdrawn from the historical stage, and their blood continues.
Most of the villagers in Nanchangtan Village are surnamed Tuo. According to textual research, they are descendants of Tangut nobles in Xixia and have a complete genealogy.
Sichuan Muya people advocate white, and it is said that they are descendants of Tangut nobles, and they still retain Xixia-style architecture.
There are a group of herdsmen who call themselves Tangut people on the grassland in Inner Mongolia, and their ancestors are also Tangut people.
Lacking nearly a thousand years of history, 900 years of Xixia characters became extinct language.
But the Tangut remained anonymous and passed down from generation to generation.
Site of Heishui City and Xixia Mausoleum, collection of Russian Hermit Museum, establishment of Xixia Studies.
Yesterday's glory, yesterday's forgetfulness, today's revival.
Xixia will re-enter the historical stage with a new look.
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