A brief introduction to Zou, a famous geographer in Qing Dynasty. Where are the descendants of Zou?

Zou devoted his whole life to geographical research, paid attention to the innovative development of making the past serve the present, made up for the shortcomings of the past through on-the-spot investigation, and advocated "making the past serve the present and making the present based on the past". Based on the theory and method of latitude and longitude mapping, he put forward the basic principles of mapping in the book Graph Theory of Baoqing River: 1, clearing rate (proportion); 2, aiming (azimuth); 3. Centering Palace (coordinates); 4. Measure the amount of the sun, that is, draw a grid with latitude and longitude, and each grid is proportional to several miles. He also creatively followed all kinds of graphic signs drawn by predecessors and constantly improved them to make them perfect, such as "overlapping people" as mountains; Water "double line"; Roads use "overlapping points" and so on. His erudition was praised by Shilin as "Jia Zheng in ancient times and Dai Jiang today". His Geography, A Brief History of Wei Yuan, which was famous in Kyoto at that time, and He Ji Shao's calligraphy were called "three outstanding figures in Hunan". The rural proverb praised: "If you can't remember completely, ask Wei Yuan;" If you can't remember clearly, ask Han Xun. " It can be seen that it was famous at that time. Zou is young, smart and studious. "There are few books in the country, so we should learn to borrow books from the county, record them by hand and recite them by hand, so as to push forward in astronomy. We will never study the evolution of square, six books and nine numbers. " Li: A brief history of national dynasties. 15, 16 years old, Zuo's eldest brother Han Ji wrote a painting in the Spring and Autumn Period. 16, 17 years old, Zuo's eldest brother wrote various scriptures. At the age of eighteen or nineteen, he began to write the Spring and Autumn Annals of the Six Kingdoms. After I was 20 years old, I devoted myself to studying Chinese studies. "When I was in the Mid-levels, my life was relatively poor and I made a series of books every day. I have no contact with the secular world, and I have few friends to preach the benefits of exams and review. I have no problem with my mind, chasing the ancient times alone. " Left: The Preface to Zou Shuzi's Suicide Letter eventually became a 36-volume Reading Accidental Knowledge, which was later incorporated into the sequel of the Qin Ding Qing Jing Shi. Han Xun is well-read, well-versed in classics and close to a hundred schools. But he is very good at geography. He said that learning from the past can serve the present. Today, it is not connected with the ancients, and there are official names, clans, laws and regulations, and Sichuan county names, but the place is particularly complicated and difficult to find, so the assessment is detailed. In the 19th year of Daoguang (1839), at the request of Deng Xianhe, a senior fellow villager, the school published the suicide note of Chuanshan, with a total volume of 5 1 volume and more than 300 volumes, which is famous all over the world. Later, he applied for the compilation of Baoqing Fu Zhi in Hunan, which became a famous local chronicle in China. He also went to Guizhou and compiled the Annals of Guiyang, Dading, Xingyi and Anshun, which was written in 236 volumes in five years. "On the Current Situation in Xinning" and "Biography of Guiyang Officials" were written in the future.

In the first year of Xianfeng, < 185 1 >, the imperial examination of 1911. The following spring, I went to the Ministry of Rites to catch the exam, reported by bus, traveled all over Jiangsu and visited Wei Yuan, a famous kindred spirit. When Wei Yuan learned about Gaoyou, Jiangsu Province, he co-wrote a volume of Yao Dian Shi Tian with Wei * *, and drew Tang Yu Tianxiang, Inside and Outside Xuan Ji, and Three Swords of Yuheng for the book. Xianfeng returned to Changsha from Gaoyou in the early summer of three years. Because his brother Zou was trapped in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province with Jiang Zhongyuan, the general of Xiang Army, he joined the army and went to solve the siege of Nanchang with Jiang Zhongshu, the younger brother of Zhong Yuan. He was known in Jiang Zhongyuan and stayed as a military adviser. In that year1February 16 (0854 1854 141October), the Taiping Army captured Anhui Luzhou (now Hefei). The next day, Han Xun and Jiang Zhongyuan, the satrap of Luzhou, were both killed in Ximen, and their bones were not collected. Zeng Guofan, Zuo and Zuo were buried in Shouwangshan, Xinhua. Zeng guofan wan ling yue:

As soon as I heard that my uncle's achievements were not born, the situation changed color.

Die with Min Qiao, and the sun and the moon will win glory.

Achievements Zou Yisheng wrote about great wealth and talked about Hunan scholars. After Chuanshan's Wang Fuzhi, he pushed Zou Wei's Genji, which was romantic and literary, and was touched at the moment. "His geography and geography works are particularly important in the world. He himself is proud of this, saying that he wants to "let the world know that my motherland and Chu have made great achievements again, and people who talk about land are in the grass." In geography, he comprehensively summed up the previous experience of drawing maps with latitude and longitude, and constantly enriched the theory and method of "drawing six bodies" by Pei Xiu in the Western Jin Dynasty. He believes that any place has its extremely high skewness, that is, latitude and longitude, and the position of each prefecture can be determined on the map by using the extremely high skewness, which is consistent with the basic principle of measuring latitude and longitude today. Han Xun's younger brother, Han Chi, and his nephew, Shi Zhi (Zi Ziyi), were hired by Hu Linyi, the governor of Hubei Province, and used the above principles when compiling the Unified Map of the Qing Dynasty. The completion of the map is called trial, which is superior to the map of the inner hall in Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty. And his grandchildren fishermen gave full play to this principle and adopted western learning, making Zou geography the most important in the world. " "

Zou Yisheng's works are rich, including more than 30 kinds, * * * more than 460 volumes, such as Five Equivalence Theory, Occasionally Reading and Notes on Water Classics, most of which were destroyed by war. Later generations published seven kinds of comments on Zou Shuzi's suicide.

Zou's former residence is located under the official tree in Longhui County. It was built by Zou's father Su during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty. The former residence faces south, with a total width of 7 1.85m and a depth of 84.7m It covers a total area of more than 6,085 square meters, and the existing building area is about 1.400 square meters.

During the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty (1796- 1820), Wu Shanhu, the wife of Su, a famous Confucian, inherited her father's knowledge and was familiar with the evolution of ancient and modern geography. Wu and his six sons, Han Ji, Han Jia, Han Chi, all devoted themselves to the study of land, and were called "the seven sons of Zou family". His descendants, Zou, Zou Yongxuan, Zou Xinyi, etc. , are famous geographers in modern China, among which Zou is particularly prominent, and is known as the founder of modern China and geoscience. His erudition was praised by Shilin as "Jia Zheng in ancient times and Dai Jiang today". His philosophy and geography, together with Wei Yuanshi and He Calligraphy, which were famous in Kyoto at that time, were called "three outstanding figures in Hunan". Praise of rural proverbs: If you can't remember all, ask Wei Yuan; I can't remember clearly. Ask Han Xun. "Visible its popularity at that time.

The layout of the former residence The former residence is backed by green mountains and faces the open fields. Xichun River in front of the hospital is like a silver chain winding in the fields, with beautiful scenery and rich charm of Jiangnan water town. The ecological environment around the former residence is "harmony between man and nature" and has a unique terrain. It is this land of geomantic omen that gave birth to a generation of elites in modern China and geosciences. Zou's former residence used to be a four-in-one wooden compound with two vertical and five horizontal structures, but now it is a two vertical and three horizontal structure. There is a wooden door in front of the hospital, which is 7 meters wide and 4.6 meters deep. There is a half-moon pond in front of the trough, and there is a bluestone road from the pond to the trough. There used to be six rooms on both sides of the slot door, which were made of brick and wood, but now they have all been destroyed. The first main room of the hospital is the middle hall, and the second is the back hall. The two principal rooms are one-story bungalows, with a width of 27.3 meters and a depth of 12, which are symmetrical left and right. There are horizontal houses on the east and west sides, and three rows of horizontal houses on the west. A horizontal house is a bungalow with a width of 29 meters and a depth of 10 meter. The second horizontal house is a two-story barn, and the three horizontal houses have cornerstones. There are two rows of horizontal houses in the east, one of which is a bungalow with a width of18m and a depth of 8m. The second row has been converted into a brick house. There is an empty flat in front of the main house, which is 20.8 meters long and 27.3 meters wide. The whole yard was originally surrounded by a bluestone fence. The roofs are hung from the top of the mountain with single eaves and covered with small blue tiles. They are typical folk houses in Qing Dynasty, and they are of great value in the history of China folk architecture.

Cultural Relics Protection In July 2002, Zou's former residence was announced as a county-level cultural relics protection unit by Longhui County, and was announced as a provincial-level cultural relics protection unit in Hunan Province in June 2006. At present, the cultural relics department of Longhui County is committed to the implementation of the "four haves" and the improvement of the surrounding environment, and is actively preparing for the maintenance of the former residence and the declaration of national key cultural relics protection units.