Structure, function and types of bridges

Structural type: Bridges are divided into five basic types according to their mechanical characteristics: beam bridge, arch bridge, rigid frame bridge, suspension bridge and composite system bridge (cable-stayed bridge).

1, beam bridge

Beam bridges are generally built in long-span and shallow water areas, which are composed of bridge columns and bridge slabs, and the weight of objects is transferred from the bridge slabs to the bridge columns.

2. Arch bridge

Generally, it is built on the water surface with small span, and the bridge is arched. There are usually several bridge holes, which have the function of flood discharge. The weight in the middle of the bridge is transferred to both ends of the bridge, and both ends are transferred to the middle.

3. Rigid frame bridge

Rigid frame bridge is a kind of structural system between beam and arch, which is an integral structure composed of curved upper beam (or slab) structure and bearing lower column (or pier).

4. suspension bridge

Suspension bridge is the most practical bridge today. Bridges can be built in places with large span and deep water. It consists of bridge columns, iron cables and bridge decks. Early suspension bridges can withstand wind and rain and will not break. When the storm comes, the suspension bridge can basically stand.

5. Cable stayed bridge

Cable-stayed bridge, also known as inclined Zhang Qiao, is a kind of bridge with many cables and the main girder directly pulled on the tower. It is a structural system composed of pressure-bearing tower, cables and curved beams.