Question 2: What is the Torch Festival? There is a legend about the Torch Festival. Locusts used to plague the people, but later our ancestors drove them away with torches. Later, in order to commemorate that day, they took it as a holiday commemoration.
Question 3: What is the Torch Festival? Torch Festival, also known as Chinese Valentine's Day, is a traditional festival of Yi, Bai, Gelao, Naxi, Hani, Lahu and other ethnic groups in southwest China. It is famous at home and abroad for its enthusiasm and solemnity. The holiday time in different countries and regions is slightly different. Most of them are held from June 24 in the summer calendar, and the festival lasts for at least three days. Some last seven days or even half a month. During the festival, every family kills chickens and sheep to eat "Tuotuo meat" and taste new buckwheat, as well as bullfighting, sheep fighting, wrestling, horse racing, singing and dancing and other entertainment activities. In the evening, every household lights a pre-made Song and Ming torch and leaves one on the gatehouse. Then, men, women and children take the torch to the mountains and fields, illuminate the fields with fire and dance with it. In an instant, all the "fire dragons" on the Panshan Mountain jumped up and down, and the stars splashed. The poet Wen of the Yuan Dynasty once gave a unique description of this scene: "Clouds cover the red sun and mountains cover the flames." Ten thousand lotus flowers open the sea market, and there are stars in the world one day. "This shows that the momentum is spectacular. The most interesting activity in playing with fire is "throwing fire": people hold a bunch of burning torches in their left hands, and their right hands grab handfuls of "fragrant pine noodles" mixed with rosin from their satchels and throw them at each other's torches, only to hear a bang, and a dazzling Venus flame rises, which is really beautiful, and its meaning is similar to that of the Dai people's "splashing water" for blessing. Then, people gathered in the wide area of the village, singing and dancing all night around the burning bonfire. ...
How did the joyful and unique Torch Festival come about? There are many sayings in folklore.
According to the legend of Yi people in Yunnan, there was once a Hercules named Attila Ba, who had the power to pull out mountains. Because in the contest, the Hercules Sjelabi in the sky was killed and the Buddha was angered. In order to punish him, the Buddha sent a large number of locusts and moths to eat crops on the ground. Attila cut down many pine trees on the night of June 24th and led many people to burn insects. Since then, people have designated this day as the Torch Festival.
According to the legend of the Bai people in Yunnan, in the Tang Dynasty, Piluge, the king of Nanzhao, wanted to annex five other imperial edicts, ordered people to build a flammable Song Ming Building, and then invited the other five imperial edicts to dinner. Before Huang Deng wrote to his master, his wife, Mrs. Charity, tried to dissuade him, so she wore an iron bracelet on his wrist. The five imperial edicts who attended the meeting were indeed killed. When Miss Charity arrived, there was only a pile of ruins left in Songming Building. People came from all directions, lit torches, helped the charity lady find her husband in the dark, and finally found a burnt bone with an iron bracelet. Mrs Charity jumped into Erhai Lake with her husband's bones in her arms. This day is June 25th. Since then, people have lit the torch every day to express their admiration and nostalgia for this charity lady.
According to the legend of Lahu nationality in Yunnan, there was once a wicked man who ate people's eyes. When a kind-hearted man knows this, he finds a snail to eat for him every day, so that he won't eat people's eyes again. On June 24, the good man didn't find the snail, so he bought a sheep, fitted it with a pair of horns made of beeswax, lit it, and sent it to the mountains to feed the wicked. Sheep are running on the mountain, and two wax horns illuminate the mountain. The wicked thought there was fire everywhere, so they hid in a cave and blocked the hole with slate. After a long time, the wicked man couldn't remove the slate, and finally he was drowned by the water flowing out of the cave. Since then, on June 24th every year, people hold high torches to celebrate.
There are also various records about the origin of Torch Festival in Yunnan historical books and local chronicles in Ming and Qing Dynasties. The descriptions of Bai Torch Festival in Notes on Ancient Yunnan and A Brief History of Yunnan are mostly attributed to the story of Pirog framing five imperial edicts in the 18th year of Tang Kaiyuan (730), which is basically consistent with the aforementioned folklore. Wanli Yunan Tongzhi said that during the Yuanfeng period of the Western Han Dynasty (BC 1 10- BC 105), Guo Shizhong was taken by the Han Dynasty to occupy Oman, the wife of the chief of Dali, and Mananu was killed. Oman made a false promise to Guo Shizhong, asking Guo Shizhong to allow her to pay homage to her dead husband, burn the clothes given to her by her ex-husband and put on the clothes given by Guo Shizhong. On the second day after Guo promised, Oman cut himself with a knife and threw himself into the fire. That was June 25th. Dali people mourn it, and every year they light a fire and gather together to mourn Oman. "Yunnan? Zaizai said, "Torch Festival is in Chinese Valentine's Day. On June 25th, farmers hold torches to shine on the fields and pray for the New Year", and said that the origin of this festival was related to Zhuge Liang's expedition to the south, so he captured Meng Huo that day and entered the city at night. The elders in the city set up a court to meet the enemy.
Modern scholars also have various opinions on the origin and cultural nature of Torch Festival.
The first view is that the explanation of the origin of Torch Festival in Yi legends should be the oldest among all kinds of legends, which shows the close relationship between Torch Festival and agricultural production. Its central intention is to protect crops from natural disasters and pests and pray for a bumper harvest. Therefore, Torch Festival should be regarded as the most popular festival in southwest China ...
Question 4: What is the Torch Festival? The origin of Torch Festival ◆ There is such a magical and touching legend about Torch Festival. In ancient times, there was a castle on a high mountain. There lived a scholar in the castle. He has a pair of mouse eyes, a broom eyebrow, a silver carp mouth, a pointed chin, and a thin face covered with black pockmarks. People gave him a nickname, called the black devil. This black devil is evil, and his men have raised a large group of servants and thugs to brutally rule and oppress the Yi people. He invented all kinds of excuses, exorbitant taxes and levies, paying per capita tax for giving birth to children, paying high mountain rent for hunting in the mountains, and collecting taxes for fishing in the rivers ... All kinds of exorbitant taxes and levies really made the people breathless. In order to resist the cruel rule of the evil god, he held many uprisings, but it was difficult to capture the strong castle of Tusi, and many people were arrested and starved to death. There was a clever and capable shepherd, his name was Zaka, and he came up with a way to outwit the toast castle. He secretly contacted the poor in Jiujiuzhai and decided to put all the sheep in the stable from June 17, and only fed water every day, without forage, and starved for seven days and seven nights. In the evening, the insurgents rushed to make shuttle marks, cut down bamboo sticks, ground machetes and axes, and tied torches to the horns of each goat. Everyone agreed to rebel on the evening of June 24th. That night, before the moon appeared, there was a gentle breeze in the mountains, and only one horn sounded, with the first torch as the number. At this time, all the insurgents immediately opened the door of the sheepfold, lit thousands of torches tied to the horns, and drove the sheep to attack the castle of Tusi. Countless sheep were so hungry that they rushed to the mountain to eat leaves and grass by the fire. Zaka led the uprising people to fight bravely. As we approached the castle, drums and shouts shook the earth. The dark Lord hurried to the castle and saw the mountains and plains turned into a sea of fire. People surrounding the castle from all directions have begun to attack the city gate. The dark Lord ordered his servants and thugs to guard the gate, but he crept into the cave and prepared to escape. At this time, all the uprising troops have breached the castle and swarmed in. I looked everywhere, but I didn't see any toast. Later, Zaka arrested the housekeeper for questioning. Fearing death, the big housekeeper knelt on the ground and begged for mercy, and immediately led Zaka and them to the hole where the toast was hiding. Zaka told the butler to go down to the cave first and told the dark one to come out and surrender. This big housekeeper, usually Smith, was scared out of her wits, but she was afraid to go down to the cave. Suddenly he collapsed to the ground and couldn't get up. Everyone was looking around. Suddenly, a dagger flew out of the hole and a cold light shot it to the ground. It turns out that Zaka was prepared. He predicted that the dark Lord would not surrender easily and that he would die. So when the dagger in the local cave flew out, Zaka was agile and shot it down with a machete! When Zaka and others saw that the Dark Lord could not die, they decided to burn him with torches. So at one command, thousands of torches immediately piled up into a hill around the mouth of the cave, only to see the raging fire burning more and more brightly. In a short time, the earth was also burned red, and the evil toast, the black devil, was buried in the torches. To commemorate the victory in the struggle against tyranny, June 24th was designated as Torch Festival. Torch Festival is a traditional festival of Yi, Bai, Wa, Bulang, Naxi, Lahu and Pumi nationalities in southwest China. Festivals vary from place to place. The Bai and Yi nationalities in Yunnan are usually around June 24th every year. Most of the Yi people in Guizhou are in early June. There are different legends about the origin of festivals. According to the legend of the Bai nationality, Guo Shizhong, deputy commander of the Han Dynasty, killed the chief Manana in Dali, and found that the chief's wife, Henan, was beautiful and wanted to marry her. Henan pretended to agree, but put forward three conditions for ancestor worship and late husband. However, when he paid homage to her husband, Henan set fire to the mourning hall and jumped into the blazing fire to commit suicide. The loyalty and courage of Henan people have won people's admiration and admiration. Since then, every year on the day he committed suicide in Henan, Bai compatriots will light torches and travel around villages to commemorate him. When Wang Pi Logue of Nanzhao invited the five imperial edicts leaders to a party, Deng Dan, the wife of the five imperial edicts leaders, advised her husband not to go. She didn't listen, so she put iron on her husband's arm, and Pirog set fire to the Songming Pagoda. All the five imperial edicts leaders were burned to death, so charity found iron and fed her husband's body back. Pilog heard about its advantages and wanted a wife. After burying her husband in a charity ceremony, she closed the city and committed suicide, so the people of Yunnan burned fires every day ... >>
Question 5: What is the Torch Festival? Torch Festival of Yi nationality is a traditional festival in Yi nationality area, which is popular in Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan and other Yi nationality areas. Bai, Naxi, Jinuo and Lahu also celebrate this festival. Torch Festival is usually held on June 24th or 25th of the lunar calendar for three days. On June 24th of the lunar calendar, the Big Dipper in bucket handle pointed out that all ethnic groups in Yi language branch should celebrate Torch Festival. [1] 2014 July 18 to July 27, Yunnan Ethnic Village will hold a ten-day carnival of the original ecological torch festival with the theme of "World Torch Festival-the best ethnic village", so that citizens can feel the original ethnic customs of the Yi people without travelling long distances and participate in colorful and authentic ethnic festivals.
Although there are different opinions about the origin of Torch Festival, its origin is most directly related to the worship of fire. Its purpose is to use fire to repel insects and protect crops. Torch Festival is called Du Ze in Liangshan Yi language, which means offering sacrifices to fire. In the two sacrificial songs "Sacrificing Vulcan" and "Sacrificing Pots and Sacrificing Stones", there are descriptions of the miracle of Vulcan Ayidiegu. The original form of Torch Festival, in short, is the ancient fire worship. Fire is a symbol of the Yi people's pursuit of light.
Select personnel
One of the important programs of the Yi Torch Festival is to choose handsome men and beautiful women. Yi people have their own unique aesthetics, and the judges are composed of respected old people, and the selection results are absolutely fair. Handsome conditions depend not only on looks, but also on words and deeds. For example, the conditions of beauty are: thick black hair, thick eyebrows, big eyes, high nose, long neck, delicate and ruddy skin, well-proportioned figure (not too thin), decent behavior, good personality, diligence and many other conditions. Handsome men have different conditions: brave and good at fighting, handsome and strong. Elegant in speech and manners, wearing a hero's knot, a hero's belt and sword, a black wool cloak and a fine horse. Today, this is the annual Torch Festival competition in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province.
revel
Torch Festival generally lasts for three days and nights. The first day is Torch Festival, which means to welcome fire. On this day, every village will slaughter cattle, sheep and pigs, greet Vulcan with wine and meat, and worship ancestors. Women can also make buckwheat buns and make noodles, and people outside go home to have a reunion dinner and get together.
Yi people's traditional Chinese painting works-by Di Ying Shao
Drinking homemade wine in the fireplace, eating pieces of meat, sharing joy and happiness. When night falls, people near the village will set up an altar at the location chosen by the old man, tap flint to light the flame in the traditional way, and Bimo (the priest) will read scriptures to offer sacrifices to the fire. Then, in every household, the family elders took out the torches made of Artemisia sticks from the fire pit, and let the descendants take the torches from the elders, first illuminating every corner of the house, then coming to the fields and corners to drive away diseases and disasters with fire. Finally, they gathered on the hillside, played with torches, sang and danced, and played various games.
The second day of Torch Festival is Du Ge, which means to praise fire and is a symbol of Torch Festival. At dawn, men, women and children put on holiday costumes, bring cooked meat and buckwheat buns, and gather under the sacred fire of the altar to participate in various traditional festival activities. Thousands of people get together to organize horse racing, wrestling, singing, beauty contests, pole climbing, shooting, bullfighting, sheep beating, chicken fighting and other activities. The girls wore beautiful clothes and danced with Doloho. On this day, the most important activity is the beauty contest of Yi family. Older people should choose beautiful men according to the legendary hard-working, brave and handsome Laba image. Choose a beautiful woman who is kind, smart, beautiful and generous like Zhang Ni A Zhi. When night comes, thousands of torches form a series of fire dragons, which flock to the same place from all directions, and finally form countless bonfires, burning the sky red. People sang and danced around the bonfire until late at night, and the scene was grand and jubilant, so they enjoyed the reputation of Oriental Carnival. When the bonfire was about to go out, couples of young men and women quietly walked into the hillside, into the trees, and under the yellow oil umbrella, they played Qin Yue and played the strings, telling each other about the suffering of lovesickness. Therefore, some people call the Yi Torch Festival the Valentine's Day in the East.
On the third day of Torch Festival, the Yi language is called Doha or Tussaud, which means to send fire. The whole Yi Torch Festival ends here. As night falls, after dinner, all households light torches and hold torches, and get together at the appointed place, set up a fire altar, hold a ceremony to deliver the fire, chant Buddhist scriptures and pray for the peace and happiness of their ancestors and bodhisattvas for their children and grandchildren ... >>
Question 6: What is the Torch Festival? Torch Festival is an ancient traditional festival of Yi, Bai, Naxi, Jinuo and Lahu nationalities. With profound folk culture connotation, it is called "Oriental Carnival". Different ethnic groups hold Torch Festivals at different times, mostly on June 24th of the lunar calendar. The main activities are bullfighting, goat shooting, cockfighting, horse racing, wrestling, song and dance performances, beauty contests and so on. In the new era, the Torch Festival has been endowed with new folk functions and produced new forms.
The torch festival legends of various ethnic groups in Yunnan have their own characteristics. In fact, the legend of Torch Festival of Yi people is the sublation of the original cultural form by the new cultural form after the nomadism changed to farming. This legend retains the original information of the origin of the Torch Festival to the greatest extent, and is also the legend closest to the source of the Torch Festival. The proverbs of Naxi people about the legend of Torch Festival preserve important information about the origin of Torch Festival, which, together with the records in Yuxi Annals, Luquan Annals and Tunxi Annals, provide important clues for exploring the origin of Torch Festival. Although the legends about the Torch Festival in Dali and Kunming hide the origin of the Torch Festival, their "Chinese Valentine's Day" also reveals the origin of the Torch Festival and its profound culture.
Question 7: What is the Torch Festival? This is a historical legend.
Question 8: What is the Torch Festival? Mintong street corner
Question 9: What is the Torch Festival? There is a legend about the Torch Festival. Locusts used to plague the people, but later our ancestors drove them away with torches. Later, in order to commemorate that day, they took it as a holiday commemoration.
Question 10: What is the Torch Festival? Torch Festival, also known as Chinese Valentine's Day, is a traditional festival of Yi, Bai, Gelao, Naxi, Hani, Lahu and other ethnic groups in southwest China. It is famous at home and abroad for its warm and grand ceremony. The holiday time in different countries and regions is slightly different. Most of them are held from June 24 in the summer calendar, and the festival lasts for at least three days. Some last seven days or even half a month. During the festival, families kill chickens and sheep to eat "Tuotuo meat" and taste new buckwheat, as well as bullfighting, sheep shooting, wrestling, horse racing, singing and dancing and other entertainment activities. In the evening, every household lights a pre-made Song and Ming torch and leaves one on the gatehouse. Then, men, women and children take the torch to the mountains and fields, illuminate the fields with fire and dance with it. In an instant, all the "fire dragons" on the Panshan Mountain jumped up and down, and the stars splashed. The poet Wen of the Yuan Dynasty once gave a unique description of this scene: "Clouds cover the red sun and mountains cover the flames." Ten thousand lotus flowers open the sea market, and there are stars in the world one day. "This shows that the momentum is spectacular. The most interesting activity in playing with fire is "throwing fire": people hold a bunch of burning torches in their left hands, and their right hands grab handfuls of "fragrant pine noodles" mixed with rosin from their satchels and throw them at each other's torches, only to hear a bang, and a dazzling Venus flame rises, which is really beautiful, and its meaning is similar to that of the Dai people's "splashing water" for blessing. Then, people gathered in the wide area of the village, singing and dancing all night around the burning bonfire. ...
How did the joyful and unique Torch Festival come about? There are many sayings in folklore.
According to the legend of Yi people in Yunnan, there was once a Hercules named Attila Ba, who had the power to pull out mountains. Because in the contest, the Hercules Sjelabi in the sky was killed and the Buddha was angered. In order to punish him, the Buddha sent a large number of locusts and moths to eat crops on the ground. Attila cut down many pine trees on the night of June 24th and led many people to burn insects. Since then, people have designated this day as the Torch Festival.
According to the legend of the Bai people in Yunnan, in the Tang Dynasty, Piluge, the king of Nanzhao, wanted to annex five other imperial edicts, ordered people to build a flammable Song Ming Building, and then invited the other five imperial edicts to dinner. Before Huang Deng wrote to his master, his wife, Mrs. Charity, tried to dissuade him, so she wore an iron bracelet on his wrist. The five imperial edicts who attended the meeting were indeed killed. When Miss Charity arrived, there was only a pile of ruins left in Songming Building. People came from all directions, lit torches, helped the charity lady find her husband in the dark, and finally found a burnt bone with an iron bracelet. Mrs Charity jumped into Erhai Lake with her husband's bones in her arms. This day is June 25th. Since then, people have lit the torch every day to express their admiration and nostalgia for this charity lady.
According to the legend of Lahu nationality in Yunnan, there was once a wicked man who ate people's eyes. When a kind-hearted man knows this, he finds a snail to eat for him every day, so that he won't eat people's eyes again. On June 24, the good man didn't find the snail, so he bought a sheep, fitted it with a pair of horns made of beeswax, lit it, and sent it to the mountains to feed the wicked. Sheep are running on the mountain, and two wax horns illuminate the mountain. The wicked thought there was fire everywhere, so they hid in a cave and blocked the hole with slate. After a long time, the wicked man couldn't remove the slate, and finally he was drowned by the water flowing out of the cave. Since then, on June 24th every year, people hold high torches to celebrate.
About the origin of Torch Festival, there are also various records in Yunnan history books and local chronicles in Ming and Qing Dynasties. The descriptions of Bai Torch Festival in Notes on Ancient Yunnan and A Brief History of Yunnan are mostly attributed to the story of Pirog framing five imperial edicts in the 18th year of Tang Kaiyuan (730), which is basically consistent with the aforementioned folklore. Wanli Yunan Tongzhi said that during the Yuanfeng period of the Western Han Dynasty (BC 1 10- BC 105), Guo Shizhong was taken by the Han Dynasty to occupy Oman, the wife of the chief of Dali, and Mananu was killed. Oman made a false promise to Guo Shizhong, asking Guo Shizhong to allow her to pay homage to her dead husband, burn the clothes given to her by her ex-husband and put on the clothes given by Guo Shizhong. On the second day of Guo's promise, Oman cut himself with a knife and threw himself into the fire. That was June 25th. Dali people mourn it, and every year they light a fire and gather together to mourn Oman. "Yunnan? Zaizai said, "Torch Festival is in Chinese Valentine's Day. On June 25th, farmers hold torches to shine on the fields and pray for the New Year", and said that the origin of this festival was related to Zhuge Liang's expedition to the south, so he captured Meng Huo that day and entered the city at night. The elders in the city set up a court to meet the enemy.
Modern scholars also have various opinions on the origin and cultural nature of Torch Festival.
The first view is that the explanation of the origin of Torch Festival in Yi legends should be the oldest among all kinds of legends, which shows the close relationship between Torch Festival and agricultural production. Its central intention is to protect crops from natural disasters and pests and pray for a bumper harvest. Therefore, Torch Festival should be regarded as the most popular festival in southwest China ...