Planting techniques of osmanthus trees
Thyme osmanthus planting technology group can be divided into single-stem osmanthus planting technology, modeling osmanthus planting technology and other osmanthus planting technologies.
The main steps of planting technology of single-stem osmanthus tree include: propagation and seedling raising, shaping and pruning, seedling transplantation, scientific fertilization and so on. One-stem osmanthus tree is the most widely used osmanthus tree in gardens. The main planting techniques of shaped osmanthus trees are divided into the production method of flower wall modeling, the maintenance and management of flower wall modeling osmanthus trees, and the configuration and application of shaped osmanthus trees in modern gardens. Other planting techniques of osmanthus trees include: the cultivation of osmanthus hedge and the cultivation of spherical osmanthus.
Planting techniques of osmanthus fragrans with single stem
Osmanthus fragrans, as a greening tree and a street tree, requires high growth, wide coverage and beautiful appearance. Considering that branches are not easy to climb and pick, pedestrians and vehicles can pass unimpeded. Generally, osmanthus fragrans varieties with strong tree nature are selected, highlighting their dry characteristics and cultivating them from an early age.
(1) Propagation and seedling raising
Seeding and seedling raising is the main breeding method for cultivating single-dried osmanthus fragrans. Osmanthus fragrans seedlings have vigorous growth, developed roots, strong vitality and long life, especially the trunk is developed, which is suitable for street trees or shade trees. This method is often used to cultivate single-dried osmanthus seedlings in osmanthus producing areas. In this way, Osmanthus fragrans grows fast and the trees develop well, which can achieve the goal of fast growth and high yield. For specific methods, see the related contents of sowing, propagation and seedling raising in the first section of Chapter IV.
(2) plastic trimming
Pruning is an important measure to cultivate single-stem osmanthus trees. Through pruning, the nutrients of trees are redistributed in a planned way, so that the excessively dispersed nutrients are concentrated and mainly supplied to the growth center. To cultivate single-stem osmanthus trees, timely and reasonable pruning should be carried out to make the tree structure reasonable and form a single trunk, so that branches and leaves with strong assimilation ability can be planted in the favorable position of the trunk, and a large amount of nutrients can be promoted for the growth of the trunk to thicken, and the contradictions between the trunk and crown growth, flowering and vegetative growth, growth and aging and renewal can be regulated to make it grow into the required tree shape and reach the ideal height. It can also reduce pests and diseases, make sweet-scented osmanthus grow fast, the trunk is straight and the tree shape is beautiful, meet people's ornamental requirements and achieve the effect of beautifying the environment.
Different pruning methods can be used in different growth stages, such as seedling stage, young tree stage and adult tree stage. Because dried osmanthus fragrans has been in the nursery for a long time and needs to be transplanted many times, plastic pruning can be combined with transplanting pruning.
Osmanthus fragrans seedling stage is mainly to cultivate trunk. For one or two-year-old seedlings, let them grow freely, leaving upright branches as the trunk and branches and side branches as auxiliary branches. For 3-year-old seedlings, all the branches and side branches in the middle and lower part of the trunk are cut off. Branches and lateral branches on the upper part of the trunk can be selected according to the height of the trunk. In the first few years, thick branches will not be left on the trunk, but thin branches can be left. When the height of the trunk is suitable, choose 3 ~ 4 main branches on it. All selected branches should be lightly cut, destroying their original consumption centers, improving the transportation direction of nutrient solution, providing nutrients for the growth center at the top of the trunk, promoting the high growth of the trunk, and orienting the trees according to the cultivation purpose. On each branch, other branches may not be pruned, except that competitors appearing with the selected extended branch need to be controlled and pruned. If there are sprouts at the base of the trunk, they should be cut off as soon as possible, so as not to affect the growth of the trunk, concentrate water and nutrition, promote the development of the upper branches, and form an ideal ten-tree shape.
The plastic management of young trees is mainly to cultivate the trunk and expand the crown. In order to ensure the growth of the main branch and expand the crown rapidly, all the competing branches that hinder the growth of the main branch must be controlled and thinned in time. The main branch of the main branch and the main side branch should be selected with strong branches and strong buds, so as to straighten it and reduce bending to ensure its growth advantage. Long branches and competitive branches that disturb the tree body or protrude from the periphery of the crown should be retracted or thinned in time. Cross branches, overlapping branches, inner branches, dead branches and insect branches in the crown should also be removed in time to facilitate ventilation. In this way, the branches stayed. Uniform distribution and high density. Young osmanthus trees have the habit of shooting many times a year, so we should make rational use of them. Spring bamboo shoots germinated in that year were mainly used for flower production; Summer shoots are used for crown expansion. Most of them should be kept. Autumn shoots are vulnerable to freezing injury and should be cut off in time.
Entering the flower season, the plastic surgery is basically completed. After that, we can combine seedling transplantation to deal with the relationship between growth and flowering and continue to improve the tree shape. When pruning, the peripheral branches that are too dense should be thinned; Take back the long branches; For overlapping branches, cross branches and thin branches, they should be retracted or thinned; Dry branches and branches with pests and diseases should be cut off. This can form a canopy structure with good ventilation and light transmission and beautiful tree posture, and achieve the effect of three-dimensional flowering.