Chinese name: Bukkoji mbth: Bukkoji Location: Foguang Village, Doucun Town, Wutai County, Xinzhou City covers an area of 34,000 square meters Opening hours: 8:00- 18:30 Ticket price: 15 yuan Famous scenic spots: ancient Chinese pine country: China city: Shanxi. Xinzhou City, the province's reputation: the first building of Asian Buddha Light: 47 1-499, required reading before departure, scenic spot trends, scenic spot introduction, key information, beautiful pictures of scenic spots, general situation, historical evolution, main scenic spots, East Hall, Manjusri Hall, Tang House, tomb tower, honors won, temple location, adjacent scenic spots, general situation of China Tang Buddhist Temple. Located in Foguang Mountain, 30 kilometers northeast of Wutai County, Xinzhou City, Shanxi Province. The temple is surrounded by mountains on three sides. The temple is built because of the terrain, with high and low floors, sitting east to west. The wooden halls, painted sculptures, murals, Mo Bao, Manjusri Hall in Jin Jian, tomb towers in Wei and Jin Dynasties and classic buildings in Tang Dynasty are all precious cultural relics with high historical and artistic value. 196 1 year, People's Republic of China (PRC) * * * and the State Council were declared as national key cultural relics protection units. Beixing was founded in the period of Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty (47 1 ~ 499). During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, it was already a famous temple in Wutai Mountain, and the names of temples were often seen in biographies. Bukoji occupies a prominent position in the map of Wutai Mountain in the middle of Tang Dynasty drawn on Dunhuang murals. In the fifth year of Huichang in Tang Wuzong (845), temples were destroyed except for a few tomb towers. Xuanzong restored the law. In the 11th year of Dazhong (857), Ning, a female disciple of Kyoto, and a monk were willing to preside over the reconstruction. The existing East Hall and its painted murals are the remains after this reconstruction. In the Jin Dynasty, Manjusri Bodhisattva and Puxian were built on both sides of the front yard of the temple. In the Yuan Dynasty, the roof of the temple was restored and ridged beasts were added. Rebuild the Heavenly King Hall, Jialan Hall, Xiangyu Building, Guandi Hall and Wanshan Hall in the Ming and Qing Dynasties; Fukenji was burned in the late Qing Dynasty; In the early years of the Republic of China, there were caves and north and south wing rooms, which became today's scale. Historical Evolution According to records, Beixing was founded in the period of Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty (AD 47 1-499). In the Tang Dynasty, Zen master Faxing built a 32-meter-high Maitreya Buddha Pavilion in the temple, which is famous for its many monks and nuns. In the fifth year of Huichang in Tang Wuzong (AD 845), the giant Buddha was destroyed on a large scale, so the northern layman was destroyed, leaving only one ancestral tower. In 847, Li Chen, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, succeeded to the throne, Buddhism was revived and Beixing was rebuilt. Later, Beixing was repaired by the Song, Jin, Ming and Qing Dynasties. From June 6 to September 37, 2004, Liang Sicheng, a famous contemporary architect in China, and his wife Lin visited and inspected the Beidou Temple in Wutai County. After 1949, * * * and the people deliberately protected Beixing. Nowadays, surrounded by green hills outside the North Temple, the ancient trees in the temple are towering and the hall is magnificent. It is not only a holy place for Buddhists to worship, but also a tourist attraction. Bukkoji was built on a hillside. The east, south and north are surrounded by mountains, and the west is low and open. The temple was built according to the situation, facing east and west. The whole temple has three courtyards, which are built on the stepped temple foundation. There are more than 120 temples, halls, buildings and pavilions in the temple. Among them, there are seven east halls, which are buildings of the Tang Dynasty; Seven Manjushrines were built in the Jin Dynasty, and the rest were built in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The East Temple, the main attraction, is the main hall of Bei Gong Temple, occupying the highest position in the last courtyard of the whole temple. The temple was built in the 11th year of Tang Dynasty (AD 857). On the original site of Maitreya Buddha Pavilion, it was presided over by female disciple Ning Shizi and monk Cheng Cheng. The East Hall is seven rooms wide and four rooms deep. In the words of Mr. Liang Sicheng, this temple is a typical Tang Dynasty building, which is "a big arch and a far eaves". According to the measurement, the cross section of the bucket arch is 2 10X300 cm, which is ten times that of the bucket arch in the late Qing Dynasty. The eaves of the temple reached 3.96 meters, which was not found in the wooden structure buildings after the Song Dynasty. At the same time, the top of the main hall frame adopts a triangular herringbone frame. The service time of this beam-frame structure ranks first among the existing wood structures in China. In the early 1980s, people found the news about people visiting Beidou Temple in the Tang Dynasty behind the door of the main hall. It can be seen that this gate should be a relic of the Tang Dynasty. It can be inferred that this door panel with a history of over 100 years is the oldest wooden door in China. In addition, the roof of the main hall is relatively flat, with blue tiles 50 cm long, 30 cm wide and 2 cm thick. The roof of the temple is made of yellow-green glass, which is vivid in shape and bright in color. There are five Buddhist altars in the East Hall. There are thirty-five colorful sculptures of the Tang Dynasty on the altar. Among them, there are 33 statues of Sakyamuni Buddha, Maitreya Buddha, Amitabha Buddha, Samantabhadra Bodhisattva, Manjusri Bodhisattva, Dangerous Bodhisattva and King Kong, with heights ranging from1.95m to 5.3m.. There are also two statues, one of which was received by Ning Gong, the benefactor of the temple, and the other was a monk whose host was willing to be honest. Although these two statues are smaller than the thirty-three statues, their shapes are very vivid. In addition, there are 296 arhats in the west and back of the main hall in the Ming Dynasty. These arhats were originally 500 statues. 1954 was partially crushed by the collapsed back wall due to rain erosion. On the wall of the East Hall, there are 10 square meters of Tang Dynasty murals, all of which are Buddhist stories. Thousands of figures, together with their decorations and clothing patterns, are painted very exquisitely. Solemn Buddha statues, charitable bodhisattvas, mighty kings, colorful, devout believers and providers are all vividly painted. The belt is fluttering and the sleeves are chic, which embodies the charm of Tang paintings. There are many inscriptions left by Tang people under the left and right four pillars of the colorful Buddha hall of Beiju. "Zheng, the minister of the Ministry of Industry and an ancient consultant", "The king of the right army, retired after success", "Ning female disciple, sent to a Buddhist temple" and so on. With very clear handwriting, it is a precious Mo Bao in the Tang Dynasty. Manjusri Hall, located on the inner north side of the Temple Gate, was built in the 15th year of Jintianhui (AD 1 137) and rebuilt in the 11th year of Yuan Dynasty (AD 135 1). It was fixed at 1953. The beam frame of this temple is made of thick wood, and the two beams are supported by inclined wood, forming a "herringbone frame" similar to today, which increases the span, reduces the number of columns and increases the space in the temple. There are seven statues on the Buddhist altar in the temple, including Manjusri riding a green lion and mighty bodhisattvas on both sides. On the east and west walls and the north wall, there are only 245 paintings of the original 500 arhats. These statues and murals were redrawn during the Hongzhi period of the Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1488- 1505). On the east side of the south side of the East Hall of Beigao Temple, there is a hexagonal brick tower. The lower layer is hollow and opens to the west; The upper floor is solid with fake doors. This is what monks call the early ancestor Zen master tower, that is, the ancestor teacher tower. Built in the Northern Wei Dynasty, it is the only building left when Huichang and Beixing were destroyed in the fifth year of Tang Dynasty. This is one of the only two ancient pagodas in the Northern Wei Dynasty in China, and it is even more precious. In Beixing Temple, there are two stone buildings in the Tang Dynasty. One is in front of the Dongda Hall, which is 3.24 meters high and octagonal, standing in the eleventh year of Tang Dazhong; One is in front of Manjusri Hall, 4.9 meters high and octagonal. It was built in the fourth year of Tang Ganfu (AD 877). Outside the temple, there is a monk pagoda in the Tang Dynasty. On the Dongshan slope behind the temple, there are Tang Dade's Convenient Monk Pagoda and Clean Light Pagoda. 500 meters northwest of the temple, there are the liberation monk pagoda of master Hua Yanzong in Tang Dynasty and the high arch monk pagoda in Jin Dynasty. These towers, hexagonal or square, are all made of bricks. White Jade Buddha, Hanwang, Lux, Ye Jia, Ananda and Little Bodhisattva have been unearthed in the spotless light tower, all of which are relics of the Tang Dynasty and displayed in the main hall. There are two stone buildings in Beigao Temple in Tang Dynasty, one of which was carved in the 11th year of Dazhong in front of Dongda Hall (857), with a beautiful outline and exquisite carving. The total height of the building is 3.2 meters, with a hexagonal base with a waist seal, and the back is engraved with lion and beast pot doors and lotus petals. The top of the building is engraved with the Dalagni Sutra, and the end is engraved with the name of "female disciple of Buddhist temple meets Ning Gong", which can be confirmed by the ink inscription in the East Hall and is the basis for building the temple. The other building is in the courtyard of the mountain gate. Be careful, it was built in the fourth year of Tang Ganfu (877), with a total height of 4.9 meters. Waist-girding pedestal carved with lotus petals and pot door musicians. The building is also engraved with the Dalagni Classic, which is engraved with a treasure cover, a short column, an eave and a treasure bead. Compared with the two buildings, the former has the best modeling technology. There are seven tomb pagodas inside and outside the Tomb Pagoda Hall, and there is a 1 hexagonal brick pagoda on the left side of the East Hall, which is a famous ancestor pagoda. They are the tombs of Zen masters when they were founded. The tower has two floors and the total height is over12m. Tower shape is rare in China. The ground floor is hollow and has a built-in hexagonal room. Lotus petals and flame-shaped coupons are made outside the doorway, and the tower eaves are stacked. The upper tower is equipped with fake ticket hole doors and broken lattice windows. Tower brake is equipped with upturned lotus seat, bowl cover and orb. Its shape and structure are very similar to the ancient pagoda in Wei Qi on Dunhuang frescoes, and it is the relic of the temple when it was founded. There are three tomb towers on the Dongshan slope outside the temple, all of which are single-storey. One is the Dade Convenient Monk Pagoda, which is hexagonal in plan and was built in 795 in the 11th year of Tang Zhenyuan. One is Zhiyuan Zen Master Tower, with octagonal waist seat and bowl-shaped tower body, which was built in the fourth year of Tang Huichang (844) and has been discontinued; The first is a clean and tidy tower, which is octagonal in plan. It was built in the 11th year of Tianbao (752). Now only the pedestal is left, and several white marble statues were found under the tower, which were made when the tower was built. In the northwest of the temple, there are three tomb pagodas. One is the Liberation Zen Master Pagoda, which is square and was built in the fourth year of Tang Changqing (824). The other is a hexagon with the same carving style. The first one has an inscription, which was made by Kim Tae-ho for five years (1205). The above pagodas are unique in shape, superb in construction skills and accurate in age, and are truly valuable ancient pagoda relics. The main hall of Beige Temple is not high and looks ordinary, but it is called "the first national treasure of China" by Liang Sicheng, a famous architect in China, because it breaks the Japanese scholar's conclusion that there were no wooden buildings in China before and after the Tang Dynasty. It is now the second oldest wooden structure in China (second only to Nan Zengji, who is also in Wutai County). Bugu Temple Location Bugu Temple is located on the mountainside of Foguang Mountain, 32 kilometers northeast of Wutai County. It was built during the reign of Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty, and was later destroyed because Tang Wuzong banned Buddhism. In the 11th year of Emperor Taizong (857), it was rebuilt because Xuanzong advocated Buddhism. Up to now, it has a history of 1000 years and is listed as one of the top ten famous Buddhist temples. The mountainside hall built in the Tang Dynasty is the main hall, which sits east to west and is called the East Hall. The East Hall is commanding, magnificent, simple and magnificent. It is one of the largest Buddhist temples in Wutai Mountain. It reflects the characteristics of wooden buildings in the Tang Dynasty in structural practices and modeling proportions, and occupies an important position in the architectural history of China and even the world. The East Hall is a flexible structure system, close to modern frame structure, with beam-column wood structure as the frame, columns bearing loads, and nodes fixed with camphor trees. The eaves protrude nearly four meters from the roof of the temple, with a gentle slope and smooth extension. The arch between the temple and the roof is huge, so the sense of scale and weight of the whole facade is particularly prominent, which has good structural function and decorative effect. The column inclines inward, and the inclination increases from inside to outside in turn, which plays a role in stabilizing the hall. There is a Buddha statue in the center of the hall. In order to set off the height of the Buddha statue, the builder intends to extend the Buddha statue out of the column, and keep the backlight on the back consistent with the projection of the bucket arch of the rear column and the inclination of the ceiling, thus realizing the close combination of the Buddha statue and the building space. In addition, the dense ceiling on the upper part of the inner and outer tanks is in sharp contrast with the simple and lively beams, arches and exquisite backlight, which fully embodies the characteristics of architectural art in Tang Dynasty in dealing with spatial position. The Manjusri Hall in the North Temple is second only to the East Hall in age and scale. It was built in the 15th year of Jintianhui (1 137). In order to save wood and expand space, the common architectural treatment method in Jin and Yuan Dynasties-column dropping method was adopted. Beixing's architecture is a treasure, and Beixing's Tang sculptures, murals and ink paintings are also famous for a long time. Together with architecture, they are called the four wonders of temples. There are five main statues, 24 threatening statues and 500 arhats (the second half is damaged) on the Buddhist altar in the Hall of the Great Hero alone. These statues have reasonable layout, different postures, plump and round faces, vivid and lifelike, and natural and smooth lines. There are more than ten square meters of Tang Dynasty murals in the main hall, depicting Buddhist stories. Among them, the banner on the forehead of the right inner column is extremely exquisite, full of Tang characteristics, while the rule of face painting partly retains the style of Han painting. There are inscriptions written by the Tang people under the left and right beams of the main hall. These ink marks are clear and thick, which is really rare. Nanzenji is located in the west of Li Jiazhuang, 22km southwest of Wutai County. The date of its initial construction is unknown, but the inscription of Mo Bao preserved under the flat beam of the main hall can prove that it was rebuilt in the Tang Dynasty for three years. North THE TEMPLE OF JIALAN Temple is adjacent to nanzenji (the earliest existing wooden structure in China). Guan Hai Temple Songzheng Temple Jingu Temple Yuanzhao Temple Cui Yifeng Prajna Spring Puhua Temple Secret Temple Zhenhai Temple Guanyin Cave Guayuefeng Buddha Cave Exhibition Hall Guangji Temple