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Format of pre-loan investigation report
The writing format of pre-loan investigation report can be divided into two categories. One is tabular format, that is, fill in the content item by item according to the printed form. . The tabular format is relatively simple and easy to write. Generally speaking, this format is used for businesses that apply for a small loan amount and simple content. The other type is the production type, which is to produce complete written materials. This form is mainly suitable for situations where the amount of loan application is large, the content involved is complex, or it is related to certain political issues.
The pre-loan report mainly consists of a title, body, and tail.
(1) The title should generally indicate the name of the applicant unit, loan project and language. In terms of writing, the title of the official document is usually used, that is, it starts with "About...", such as "Investigation on the application of ×× factory to brew Hans beer". The title should be brief, concise, clear and concise, so that people can grasp the object of the investigation at a glance.
(2) This part of the text mainly describes the content of the investigation and is the key part of the report. It should mainly reflect four contents:
1. Explain the reasons and background of the investigation.
It should be specified when the subject of the investigation submitted which application, how many applications were made, what the specific requirements were, and the circumstances under which the investigation was conducted. For example: "XX Factory, a subsidiary of Shanghai Wool and Linen Textile Company, applied to the Ministry of Textiles for 3,000 tons of raw material hemp in early December 1980, of which 15,000 were required to be Henan hemp and 1,500 to be imported hemp. The Ministry of Textiles called back and informed the factory of a unified allocation Provide 3,000 tons of Shandong hemp and confirm the origin. In order to strengthen production services and improve capital utilization efficiency, we conducted an investigation on the raw material hemp required by the factory. ”
2. State the name of the unit under investigation. Condition.
The investigation situation is the basis for deciding whether to obtain a bank loan. The specific writing method should be determined according to the different objects of the investigation. If it is a loan to expand the reproduction of manufacturers, generally speaking, the scale of the loan application agency, the number of employees, technical strength, factory equipment conditions, the amount of fixed assets, the amount of working capital, the supply and demand situation of the product market and the ability to repay the loan, etc. should be stated. If it is a loan to develop a new product, the investigation should focus on the technical capabilities, product performance, quality, development scale, cost, market demand prospect analysis, sales channels, possible economic benefits, etc. of the new product; for example; For commercial loans, the size, financial strength, name and quantity of goods ordered, source of supply and market demand of the unit applying for the loan should be stated in order to confirm whether it has the ability to repay debts. The purpose of the investigation is mainly to provide a basis for the loan or non-loan at the end. Therefore, it is only necessary to display the results of the investigation.
3. Analysis of the specific content of the survey.
(1) The survey content must be specific and detailed. As mentioned above, the content of the investigation is to provide a basis for the conclusion of whether a loan can be granted. Therefore, the written reflection must be specific and informative. Not only should the relevant content of the loan application be ignored, but the reasons for its establishment should also be clearly stated. The basis is that if the investigation content is written in detail and clearly, the investigation conclusion will inevitably have sufficient theoretical basis. Otherwise, the authenticity and reliability of the investigation content will be greatly weakened, making the investigation conclusion weak. The following paragraph makes this mistake. "... After appraisal by relevant experts, the product has good performance and is in short supply in the current market. If it is developed and produced exclusively, it will surely enter the international market and obtain objective economic benefits." Although this passage shows the results of the investigation, it The content stated is very general and lacks reliable basis. First of all, it is not stated in what form the appraisal takes place, whether it is to hold an expert appraisal meeting or to apply to the relevant departments for approval of the appraisal, who the appraiser is, and what his professional title is. Secondly, just saying "the product performs well" is rather empty. It would be more convincing if the results of the initial testing of the new product could be detailed or compared with other similar products.
Thirdly, "it is a product that is in short supply in the current market" should also indicate the source of the identification, such as what consumer information, economic reference information or someone's investigation of market demand is based on, etc. Because these important details are not spelled out in detail, reading this can lead to disbelief about the feasibility of developing this product.
(2) The analysis must be objective and sufficient. Since the pre-loan investigation report is submitted to the relevant business departments or leaders at the superior level for approval, it is not enough to just list the basic situation of the investigation in the investigation content. On this basis, it is also necessary to determine whether the loan can be granted, whether the loan is too much or the loan is too small. Carry out objective analysis to show the correctness, substantiveness, reliability and authenticity of the analysis, so that the conclusion can be tenable and approved by the approval department. For example: "This factory is a professional factory that produces sacks, linen cloth, and hemp rope. In 1981, it planned to produce 3.51 million sacks, 3.38 million meters of linen cloth, and 200,000 kilograms of twine, with an equivalent output value of 9.046 million yuan, an increase of 10% from the plan issued by the Ministry of Textiles. According to this plan, 4,200 tons of raw materials are required. The basic road test of this line of raw materials: 2,875 tons are allocated in 1981, and the balance is expected to be 1,840 tons at the end of the year. In addition, 1,050 tons of imported hemp will arrive. In 1981, you have implemented the raw material hemp plan. 5,765 tons. On the premise of ensuring production, it will not hinder the preparation of production materials for the next year..."
In this investigation, the author first used the data demonstration method to analyze the application. Comparing the loan unit's planned requirements with the actual implementation, it shows that the raw materials are sufficient. At the same time, it also talks about the difficulties caused by the demolition of the factory to complete the production tasks. This leads to the conclusion that "the total consumption of raw material hemp is expected to be certain next year." Lower than planned consumption" conclusion. Then based on the current situation, he talked about "if we continue to import 3,000 tons of raw material hemp..." and named the possible serious consequences of excessive reserves and capital backlog. Since the above analysis is based on an objective basis, it is rich and strong. The persuasiveness of the article will make the conclusion of the article "banks cannot provide loan support" reasonable and easy to accept.
(3) Clear views and plain language. The conclusion opinion is the loan officer's specific opinion on whether to lend or not, and whether to lend more or less based on the investigation content. It is also the reference basis for approval by the relevant business departments and leaders. When written, it should be straightforward, with a clear attitude, and cannot be ambiguous. More We cannot avoid reality, evade, hand over contradictions, and leave the conclusion blank. Because it is an upward document for reporting, the language should be gentle, pertinent, and factual, and avoid harsh words and blunt language.
(4) State the conclusion. This content is mainly based on the investigation, providing specific opinions on whether to lend or not, and whether to lend more or less, so as to facilitate the approval of the relevant business authorities or superior leaders.
(3) Two main contents should be written at the end: first, the title of the book by the investigator, and second, the year, month, and day of production.
3. Several requirements for writing pre-loan investigation reports
Writing pre-loan investigation reports is an indispensable link for credit officers in the process of handling loan business. A pre-loan investigation report that is clear, logical, thorough in analysis, accurate in judgment, and concise is usually helpful for loan review and approval personnel to quickly and comprehensively understand the overview of the loan. How to write a good pre-loan investigation report? I think we should pay attention to the following aspects:
(1) Seek truth from facts and do not exaggerate
Based on facts and truthfully stating the investigation situation are the rules that credit officers must follow. After the borrowing unit submits the loan application and relevant information, the credit officer shall conduct an in-depth investigation of key issues such as the borrower's operating status, financial status, and guarantee strength in accordance with regulations, and write a pre-loan application based on the first-hand information of the borrower. Investigative Report. Investigators must be realistic and respect the facts, truthfully reflect the information learned during the investigation in the investigation report, and must not exaggerate the facts. The investigator should be responsible for the authenticity of the investigation content and try not to use statements that are inconsistent with the facts in the report, let alone copy the original statements in the loan application without verification.
It should be noted that in order for borrowers to successfully obtain loans, the content of their loan applications often contains certain moisture. For example, the location of a development project in an ordinary location is described as a "golden Feng Shui treasure land", while its asset size is generally described as "financial strength". "Strong", "among the best", "unlimited prospects", etc. As a loan investigator, when writing an investigation report, you should not just follow what others say. Instead, you should go deep into the borrowing company to conduct an in-depth and detailed investigation and understanding, verify the borrower's various situations, and make realistic statements to avoid potential loan risks caused by inaccurate investigations.
(2) Clear and uncluttered
Writing a pre-loan investigation report, although the layout requirements cannot be compared with writing a paper, it should also be clear and organized. . When writing, be sure to follow the order and content specified in the "Reporting Requirements" in the "Loan File". The following are the requirements for stating the main issues when writing a pre-loan investigation report:
1. Description of the purpose of the loan Why do you need to apply for a loan from our company, its own funds and gaps, how to raise subsequent funds, and the amount and period of the loan applied for. When it comes to the purpose of the loan, special attention should be paid to the compliance, legality, and rationality of its purpose (whether its business scale matches the amount of the loan applied for.
2. The feasibility of the project and the overall operating situation of the enterprise
When some loan officers write a pre-loan investigation report, they begin by copying all the contents and code certificate numbers, tax registration certificates and loan card numbers listed on the "Business License" provided by the borrower. In fact, these basic information reviewers can immediately see when reviewing the loan information that the investigators do not need to list them one by one in the investigation report. What is important is the feasibility of the project. To make an analysis, it is necessary to analyze the market development prospects of the project, profit forecast, whether there is sufficient cash flow support, and the risk level after our company's loan is invested in the project. If it is a real estate development loan, it should be stated whether the project has been completed. Completeness, total investment by the developer and proportion of funds invested, payment of land transfer fees, funding gaps and solutions, sources, etc.
It must be based on the recent monthly and recent three-year information provided by the borrowing enterprise. Annual financial statements, analyze whether the company's asset structure is reasonable, the reasons for its asset changes (especially abnormal changes), its equity investment status, the company's short-term and long-term solvency, that is, whether the first source of repayment is sufficient, and judge the company's assets
3. Analyze the adequacy of the second source of repayment
Analysis of the second source of repayment, including analysis of the mortgage guarantee subject matter or the guarantee strength of the guarantor. When introducing the status of the mortgage, pay attention to analyzing whether the assessed value of the mortgage is reasonable and how easy it is to realize. When analyzing, you can refer to the rental and sales prices of similar properties in the area where the mortgage is located. The analysis of strength should focus on analyzing its asset size, asset-liability ratio, contingent liabilities, etc., to determine whether it has sufficient guarantee capacity for the loan.
4. Analyze the main risks and corresponding risks. Countermeasures
5. Explanation of other situations or related benefits brought to the company
The relevant benefits brought by the project to the company refer to the deposits, The increase in settlement volume, the development of additional business or intermediary business, etc., bring benefits to the company, rather than the interest income generated by the loan. In previous pre-loan investigation reports, we often see "after the loan is issued." Statements such as "can bring ×× yuan of interest income to our company" are inconsistent with the original intention of the "pre-loan investigation report writing requirements" set by superiors.
If the company There are many other situations that need to be explained. If necessary, they can be stated as a separate issue.
6. Summarize the comprehensive opinion
The comprehensive opinion is a simple summary of the feasibility of the loan. A comprehensive judgment that expresses the loan investigator’s opinions (opinions on loan amount, term, interest rate and specific operating steps).
(3) Thorough and unambiguous analysis
Some loan officers simply list the various data provided by the company or state the superficial situation of the company in the pre-loan investigation report , without conducting in-depth analysis, some investigation reports contain thousands of words, but after reading them, people feel that they are missing the point. The main reasons are that the analysis is not thorough, the views are not clear, and there is a lack of strong argumentation.
(4) A little literary talent but no bad language
Writing a pre-loan investigation report can add some literary talent on the premise of seeking truth from facts, but it should not be rhetorical, and be careful to use as few special sentence patterns as possible , strive to achieve content that is coherent, structure is coherent, and sentences are smooth and speechless. Common language errors in articles include: lack of subject, omission of object, improper word matching, or inaccurate wording, etc. Most of my colleagues have participated in the official document writing training courses organized by the Associated Press, and they must have benefited a lot, so I won’t go into details here.
In short, in the process of handling loan business, loan officers should take safeguarding the rights and interests of credit unions and preventing loan risks as the starting point, do a good job in pre-loan investigation in a pragmatic and realistic manner, and continue to learn and improve their writing skills. They will definitely be able to write Produce high-quality pre-loan investigation reports.