1982, the State Council announced Badaling Scenic Area as one of the 44 key scenic spots in China. 199 1 year, the Ming Tombs were identified as one of the "Top 40 Tourist Attractions in China" by the National Tourism Administration. 1992, the Ming Tombs were rated as "the tombs with the largest number of emperors preserved and buried in the world" by the Best Selection Committee of Beijing Tourism World. In 2003, the Ming Tombs were listed on the World Heritage List.
The Ming Tombs are located in Tianshou Mountain at the foot of Yanshan Mountain in Changping District, northwest suburb of Beijing, about 50 kilometers away from Beijing, with a total area of 65,438 0.20 square kilometers. The Ming Tombs are located in a small basin surrounded by mountains. The mausoleum area is surrounded by mountains, with a plain in the middle. There is a winding river in front of the mausoleum, with beautiful scenery and pleasant scenery. There are thirteen imperial tombs on the mountain, which are built at the foothills of the east, west and north respectively, forming a group of tombs with complete system, grand scale and magnificent momentum. Magicians in the Ming Dynasty thought it was "Feng Shui" and a perfect "auspicious place". Therefore, it was chosen as the "longevity area" for the construction of imperial tombs in the Ming Dynasty. It is the largest number of royal tombs in China and even in the world.
Gu Zeng, a famous scholar in the late Ming Dynasty, once wrote a poem describing the beautiful scenery here: "The mountains come from the south and are as powerful as dragons;" Dongpo's foot is Lu Long, Xiling is too fast; Sitting in the yellow flowers, facing Shen Jing; There is an old house called Kangjiazhuang. It can accommodate millions of people and suddenly open. " This beautiful natural landscape was regarded as a treasure by feudal rulers. Under the guidance of China's traditional geomantic theory, from site selection to planning and design, the Ming Tombs paid attention to the harmony and unity of mausoleum architecture and natural landscape vegetation, pursued the perfect realm of "nature", and embodied the philosophical view of "harmony between man and nature".
As an outstanding representative of China's ancient imperial tombs, the Ming Tombs show the rich connotation of China's traditional culture. According to the assessment of the World Heritage Committee and the theory of geomantic omen, the Ming and Qing emperors' tombs were carefully selected, and a large number of buildings were cleverly placed underground. It is the product of human's transformation of nature, which embodies the traditional architectural and decorative ideas, and interprets the world outlook and power view of feudal China that lasted for more than 500 years.
The Ming Tombs began in Changling in May of the seventh year of Yongle, and the last emperor of the Ming Dynasty, Chongzhen, was buried in Siling. Over the past 230 years, 13 tombs of emperors, 7 tombs of concubines and 1 tombs of eunuchs have been built successively. 13 emperors, 23 queens, two princes, more than 30 concubines and a eunuch were buried. The 13 emperors buried here are:
1. Changling: Wen Zhu in Yongle period;
2. Immortal Emperor: Zhao Renzong lived in Hongxi, Zhu Gaochi from 1424 to 1425;
3. Jingling: Xuanzong Zhu Zhanji, Xuande years;
4. Yuling: Reddy was born in Zhu Qizhen during the years of Zheng Tong and Tianshun. He was in power from 1435 to 1449 and from 1457 to1464;
5. Maoling: In the first year of Chenghua, the Qing emperor Zhu Jianshen was in office;
6. Tailing: dutiful son Zhu Youtang, reigned from 1487 to 1505.
7. Kangling: Emperor Zhu Houzhao, named Zheng De, reigned 1505- 152 1 year;
8. Yongling: During the Jiajing period, 152 1- 1566 Su Shizong Zhu Hou _ reigned;
9. Zhaoling: 1566 to 1572, Zhu reigned;
10. Dingling: Zhu Wanli, reigned from 1572 to 1620;
1 1. Qingling: Emperor Guangzong of Zhu Changluo, who reigned for many years,1620;
12. Linde: How many years have passed since the emperor was born in Zhu Youxiao?
There are sixteen emperors in Daming Mountain history. How can there be thirteen tombs? Where are the other emperors buried? Zhu Yuanzhang was born in Fengyang, Anhui. He worked as a monk and a beggar, participated in the peasant uprising, and finally built Nanjing by the Daming River. He also died in Nanjing and was buried in the sunshine of Zhongshan in Nanjing, namely the "Ming Tombs".
Originally named Gao, Zhu Yuanzhang was in office from 1368 to 1398. The second emperor of the Ming Dynasty was the grandson of Zhu Yuanzhang, because Zhu Biao, Zhu Yuanzhang's eldest son, died first, and his great-grandson Zhu Jun _ succeeded to the throne after Zhu Yuanzhang's death. Because his uncle Judy sent troops to Nanjing in the name of "Nanjing", his whereabouts are unknown and there is no tomb to be found.
Zhu Qiyu, the seventh emperor of the Ming Dynasty, was captured by Vala because of his younger brother Yingzong. Under the will of the queen mother and ministers, he became a kind person. After Yingzong was put back, under the planning of his confidant, there was a "change of seizing the door", and Yingzong was restored and proclaimed emperor again; Zhu Qiyu was killed, but Yingzong denied that he was the emperor and destroyed the mausoleum he built in Tianshou Mountain. Buried in Yuquan Mountain in the western suburbs of Beijing, he is the "king" of Jingling. Historically, it was called Dai Di and its country name was Jingtai. He ruled from 1449 to 1457. The famous "cloisonne" came into being from this period and was named after it.
In addition, after Zhu Yuanzhang proclaimed himself emperor, in the nineteenth year of Hongwu, his great-grandfather Zhu was the emperor's ancestor, and his great-grandfather Zhu and his grandfather Zhu Chuyi were the Yuzu, building the ancestral tomb; His father, Zhu Shizhen, was named Chun Renzu, and his cemetery was called "Imperial Tomb". After Emperor Sejong Zhu Hou _ unexpectedly proclaimed himself emperor, he respected his father Zhu Youyuan as emperor and was buried under a fairy).