About the details of Shi Naian, we will introduce you from the following aspects:
First, Shi Naian's poems
Dead Hua Lian, news from another mountain.
Second, textual research on native place.
Suzhou said: In the ancestral temple Xianfeng four years (1854), it was recorded in the genealogy written by Chen Guangde and the Preface of Shi's Genealogy: "I promoted the clan, and the Soviet Union moved more. Born in the early Ming Dynasty, Mr. Baijuchang moved from Su to Xinghua, and then from Xinghua to Baijuchang. Epitaph of Mr. Yang Yihe, the second emperor of Chu Shi. After Shijiaqiao moved to the Soviet Union, that is, the field of Tianlu was renamed Shijiaqiao? On the second day after the Jiayin Department in the fourth year of Qing Xianfeng, he was given a Jinshi, and Chen Guangde, the head of the doctor's household department, was added first class. " In the fifth year of Xianfeng, the fourteenth grandson also wrote in the Notes on the Establishment of the Shishi Ancestral Hall: "My ancestor was an Angong, who moved from Su to Xing in the early Ming Dynasty and then moved to Bai Juchang. A book has been divided into factions for more than 500 years. "These two paragraphs make it very clear that during the Hongwu period in the early Ming Dynasty, Shi Naian moved from Suzhou to Xinghua, and then moved to Baijuchang. The Chronicle of Shi Naian compiled by Zhao Boying and Qi Lin said: "1296 (Bing Shen in the second year of Zhenguan, Zongyuan, Chengyuan) was born in Shijiaxiang outside Suzhou at the age of one. His name is Yan Duan and Zi Anhe. Naian. My father's name is Shi Yuan De, and the word evergreen, and my mother's name is Bian Shi. Shi is a descendant of Shi Zhichang, a disciple of Confucius. A.D. 1308 (13th year of Yuan Chengzong Dade) was thirteen years old and studied at Jishi Family School in Hushu outside Suzhou. 13 1 1 year-old (from Yuan Wuzong to senior year), fifteen years old, continuing to study in Jijia. After studying at Ji's home for a long time, Mr. Ji's daughter married him. A.D. 13 14 (the first year of Yanyou) Nineteen years old, a scholar, married into a family? "According to the above statement, Shi Naian is not only a native of Suzhou, but also a native of Suzhou and has a wife in Suzhou, so he is a native of Suzhou.
Xinghua said: Ming Dynasty documents can prove that in recent years, the issue of Shi Naian's ancestral home in Suzhou has been questioned by academic circles. In 2003, Suzhou magazine published an article on Huang Cheng's "Discrimination of his ancestral home", which questioned his ancestral home in Suzhou. Huang _ Cheng quoted the Epitaph of Shi Lang, the son of Shi Naian, written by Yang Xin in Huainan in the fourth year of Jingtai in Ming Dynasty (1455): "Chu Shi is a public servant, and his words are modest. The initiator was Yang Xinghua, and later moved to the famous white horse house in Hailing. The first man resisted the temple, and the yuan was not a scholar, but expensive and not an official. At the beginning of the country, when the book was collected, it was a long story. Live in seclusion in water margin. Accumulate virtue and be tired, and neighbors call virtue. Natural modesty, little ambition. ? Jingtai is four years old. In February, Mao Yi can walk upright for five days. Written by Yang Xin, a road flyover of a crane in Huainan, the people inside read books and Chen Jingzhe usurped them. Huang Cheng believes that this is the earliest and most direct document about Shi Zuji. It is reported that this epitaph of Shigong is contained in an early version of Shijia genealogy. Genealogy was found in 1952, but it was destroyed in the later political movement. 1June, 962, a cultural relic about the origin of stone was discovered. Zhao, deputy director of the Propaganda Department of Xinghua County Committee, found words on the square brick at the bottom of the reed of Chen Daxiang, a farmer in Shijiaqiao. It was identified as the "Land Lord" (an old superstition that after death, family members set up the "Land Lord" to buy land from the Land Lord, which was usually carved on bricks or stones and buried with the coffin of the deceased). This brick was obtained during the period of 1958 when farmers in this village dug grave bricks to build pigsty. Later, according to the excavation and textual research of the cultural relics department, the concession on this "land photo" was Shi Naian's second son. Twenty years later, another cultural relic that caused a sensation at home and abroad was unearthed near Shi Lang's tomb, which is the epitaph brick of Tinzo, Chu Shi. According to textual research, the owner of the tomb is great-grandson Shi, who was buried in Jiajing of Ming Dynasty for three years (1524). What is particularly commendable is that the epitaph mentions that Shi's great-grandfather is called Shi Yuan De, and his great-grandfather Yan Duan (that is, the second season) "set out from Huiyuan to Zhejiang, (hence) home. He Shiping, a native of Xinghua, Huai's former residence, and Bai Juyi, was born in Qianzu. ? "The name, landmark and age of Shi's great-grandfather are consistent with the historical materials and cultural relics discovered twice before. This epitaph brick, together with the epitaph and ground photos, clearly provides the genealogy of the stone family in the Five Dynasties, and reveals for the first time that Shi Yuan De, his father, once lived in Xinghua. Huang Cheng believes that this lineage and "Xinghua, the former residence of Huai" are the most powerful evidence and the clearest annotation of "Xinghua, the originator of the world". "
Xing Wu said: The director of the memorial hall discriminated against Dou Yingyuan, director of the Shi Naian Memorial Hall, saying that Shi Naian's ancestral home was neither Xinghua nor Suzhou, but Zhejiang. There used to be a couplet in the ancestral temple in Shi Jia: Wu Xingmian Shize, and Yan Ming was sealed when he came out of the water. Dou Yingyuan said that Xing Wu is today's Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, and Shi Naian's father, Shi Yuande, was engaged in water transportation and was called a "boatman" in relevant historical materials. Later, Shi Yuan De settled in Xinghua, and Shi Naian was born in Baijuchang. Dou Yingyuan thinks that Shi Naian's birthplace, imperial examination, year of birth and death, etc. It has always been foggy, and many statements need further clarification. "For example, there is a saying that in the second year of the Yuan Dynasty (133 1), the Jinshi was admitted to the examination," but according to the official data of the Yuan Dynasty, among the Jinshi who graduated in the second year, the name could not be found. "Shi Naian is a monkey. At the age of 35, he became famous as a scholar and lived to be 75 years old. There is no doubt about this. However, if he was a scholar in the examination in the second year of Yuan Dynasty, he was born in 1296 and died in 1370. However, according to the unearthed cultural relics, Shi Naian's son Shi Lang was born in 1373. Did Shi Naian give birth to a son three years after his death? " So, how did Shi Naian gain the reputation as a scholar? Dou Yingyuan believes that Shi Naian's Jinshi was not obtained through the imperial examination in the Yuan Dynasty, but was sealed by Zhang Shicheng. "In the 14th year of Yuan Dynasty (1354), Zhang Shicheng established political power in Gaoyou, and the title of Zhou sealed a number of scholars' fame, including. In this way, it can be calculated that Shi Naian was born in 1320, and this year happens to be the Year of the Monkey, which coincides with his zodiac sign, and also solves the paradox of "having children three years after death". "Dou Yingyuan said that many activities in Shi Naian are closely related to Zhang Shicheng. When studying Shi Naian, we should "bind" it with Zhang Shicheng, so that many mysteries can be solved. Shi Naian and Suzhou have an indissoluble bond. Where is Shi Naian's ancestral home? However, it is undeniable that Shi Naian and Suzhou have deep roots. In all kinds of statements about Shi Naian's native place, he mentioned a place-Baijuchang. To be sure, he once lived here for a long time. So, where is the white pony farm? Bai Juchang, one of the ancient salt fields in Huaihe River, was the hometown of Zhang Shicheng in the 13th year of Yuan Dynasty (1353). In Bai Juyi area, Zhang Shicheng led the "eighteen poles" to establish an anti-Yuan uprising. According to records, after Zhang Shicheng started his army, he appreciated Wen Tao's military strategy in Shi Naian and invited him to serve as a military curtain for many times. Shi Naian readily accepted the idea of "saving the world" and provided many strategies for Zhang Shicheng to attack the city and seize the land. Later, he followed Zhang Shicheng to Pingjiang (Suzhou), where he kept close contact with Bian. Later, Zhang Shicheng took credit for himself, acted arbitrarily, trusted courtiers, alienated Zhongliang, and Shi Naian remonstrated several times. Zhang Shicheng refused to accept, angrily left Pingjiang and bid farewell to Qiu Jiang to Liu Yuan, Liu Liang and others. Since then, I have been wandering in the Jianghu, helping people solve problems. According to these historical facts, some scholars put forward a compromise view: Shi Naian was originally from Xinghua, and then came to Suzhou with Zhang Shicheng, and stayed in Suzhou for a period of time. After the fall of Zhang Shicheng, the Ming government investigated his staff everywhere, and Shi Naian returned to his hometown in Jiangbei to avoid disaster. Some scholars believe that the theme of Shi Naian's immortal masterpiece "The Water Margin" is related to the surging peasant uprising at the end of Yuan Dynasty, and the 108 heroes in Liangshan, Shui Bo are actually the shadows of the rebel generals at the end of Yuan Dynasty. More than ten miles to the east, there is a Shi Naian Memorial Hall in Baiju Town, Dafeng City (Baiju originally belonged to Hailing County, Taizhou, and was assigned to Xinghua in the Ming Dynasty and later to Dafeng County). The old flower shop here is said to be the place where Shi Naian wrote books. Surrounded by clear water, the harbor rustles, sand birds fly low, fishing boats sing slowly, reeds are dense and have a strong water margin flavor. Visitors who come here will doubt that they really came to Liangshan, Shui Bo.
Third, the origin of the name
Shi Naian is writing a book while giving lectures. One day, in the Water Margin, he wrote a passage about Shi Xiu killing Pei Ruhai and a monk knocking on a wooden fish. Suddenly thought of Torinji's wooden mallet, a mystery. He asked Xu Qi: Why do you keep the wooden mallet in this temple like a treasure? Xu Qi said: There lived an old monk in this buddhist nun. He is sincere in chanting and worshipping Buddha, knocking on wooden fish while chanting Buddha. Then he pointed to Muyuwa and said, Look, if you want them to know, read and study, you must concentrate. Hearing this, Shi Naian nodded again and again: When writing a book, we should also have that kind of perseverance! Afterwards, he wrote down the word "Nai 'an" and posted it on the lintel. Italy warned itself to overcome all difficulties and write the Water Margin well. Outsiders don't know what it means, so they call him "Mr. Naian". After a long time, he also thought the name was good, so he changed it to Shi Naian.
Fourth, the cemetery.
Shi Naian Memorial Hall (now Shijiaqiao Village, Xinduo Township, xinghua city) is more than ten miles west of Shi Naian Cemetery. A brick three-door archway stands in front of the tomb, and a stone carving of "Nai 'an Gongfang" hangs on the middle beam. The mausoleum is hidden among pines and cypresses, and the stone tablet inscribed by Zhao Puchu "Rebuilding Shi Naian's Tomb" stands in front of the tomb. There is also a green island nearby, and a small river flows around it. People look down from a height, but they are like hydrangeas on a lion's plate, so they are commonly called "land of geomantic omen". Zhang Huiren, an associate researcher at the Institute of Literature of Beijing Academy of Social Sciences, said:
On the other side, the white pony is misty, and the lion with the ball is bathed in the morning sunshine.
Nai Anchun lies down calmly and comments are judged by people.