In ancient times, there were officials who managed and understood geography, belonging to the management of the Ministry of Industry in the six departments. Part of the ancient people's understanding of the terrain came from the war, especially the understanding of the terrain in the cold weapon era was very important in the war, and the ancients were very superstitious about Feng Shui, so both the imperial court and the people needed to know the general terrain of each region.
ancient landform, also known as ancient landform. It has two meanings: first, it refers to the topographical conditions in the geological history period, for example, in Pliocene, some areas in North China were characterized by soothing wide valleys and shallow hills; First, it refers to some landform types formed and remained in geological history, such as Pleistocene ancient glacier landform preserved in some mountainous areas of China, and the glaciers that shaped these landforms have long since disappeared. The topography in the geological history period can no longer be directly observed. Through the analysis of lithofacies palaeogeography of strata in different periods and regions, it can be understood indirectly and approximately.