After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the state, collectives and individuals built a large number of houses and updated urban infrastructure in the county. Especially since 1984, under the guidance of the county’s master plan, it entered the peak period of building construction, and the land use became more Reasonable and more scientific layout. As the county's economy and society continue to develop at a rapid pace, the comprehensive strength continues to increase, the infrastructure is improving day by day, the urban and rural appearance has been greatly improved, and the people have received more benefits. Lianjiang's external connections have been increased to five, stepping into the "high-speed rail era" and becoming an integral part of Fuzhou City's planned metropolitan area. The county's built-up area expanded from 5.8 square kilometers in 2000 to 13 square kilometers in 2010, the planned area has reached 27 square kilometers, and the county park area expanded from 5,000 square meters in 2000 to 120,000 square meters in 2010.
During the 11th Five-Year Plan, efforts will be made to build a liveable city that is dynamic, ecological, and characterized by riverside landscapes. Adhere to the urban development strategy of "developing eastward and southward along the river", further strengthen urban planning, construction and management, and improve the city's county service center function. The image of the central city has been significantly improved, the urban structure has been effectively expanded, and the urban functions have been further improved, completing the A new round of urban master plan revision. People's Square, Jiangbin Park, Yuquanshan Park, the "Five Centers", Lianjiang Railway Station and the station square were put into use, and the road network in the new district such as Matsu Road, Wenbi East Road, and Jin'an Road was basically completed. Improve and improve municipal facilities and facilities, such as garden landscapes, water pipe networks, and bright green projects, expand the urban framework with the continuous extension of the road network, improve public service levels, and continuously improve and enhance the taste of the city.
During the 12th Five-Year Plan period, the construction of county central urban areas will be further accelerated. In line with Fuzhou's urban master plan, we will strengthen the planning of the county's central urban area, scientifically integrate the resources of Fengcheng, Aojiang, and Jiangnan, advance the expansion to Pukou and Dongdai in an orderly manner, improve various development plans such as urban development, infrastructure, and industrial layout, and enhance the city's The industrial level, population carrying capacity and radiation capacity will enhance the driving role in regional economic and social development. Strengthen the management of central urban areas, promote the development of urban areas east to south along the river, and accelerate the construction of a number of cities in accordance with the ideas of "development of new areas, improvement of old cities, and overall advancement" and the principles of "unified planning, rational layout, adaptation to local conditions, comprehensive development, and supporting construction" Main road network, solidly promote Danfeng East and West Road, Wenbi Road, Beijiangbin East and West Road, South Aojiang Road, Zhaohui Road, Nanjiangbin Road, Aojiang Road Phase 4, Lianjiang Railway Station, Guantou Jiangbin Avenue, etc. Road network construction, do a good job in the preliminary work of the transit road reconstruction project of National Highway 104, and expand the urban development framework. Improve municipal facilities, garden landscapes, bright green projects and other supporting facilities to enhance the quality of the city. The customs and people in Lianjiang are honest, simple and unique. Inherited civilized festival customs, rich regional living customs, time-honored production customs, unique life customs and communication customs that integrate humanistic heritage, all together constitute the basic content of Lianjiang's customs and humanities.
Staple food
The county’s staple food is mainly rice and sweet potatoes, mixed with wheat and beans. In coastal areas, sweet potato is the main food, mixed with rice, wheat, and beans. Most people eat porridge for breakfast and dry rice for lunch and dinner. During the busy farming season, three meals are dry rice, with snacks in the morning and afternoon. Coastal fishermen like to eat glutinous rice or rice and sweet potato porridge and drink homemade wine during the fishing season. The main non-staple foods are: various vegetables, soy products, meat, eggs and seafood. Condiments include peanut oil, tea oil, vegetable oil, lard, soy sauce, fish sauce (shrimp oil), sugar, vinegar, wine, salt, etc. Before the founding of the People's Republic of China, ordinary residents were satisfied with three meals a day of coarse rice and mussels. During festivals or celebrations, they would only kill chickens and ducks to make a few dishes. After the founding of New China, as living standards continued to improve, the staple food was mainly rice, mixed with flour and replicas. After the reform and opening up, the income of urban and rural residents has increased day by day, and the dietary structure has undergone great changes. Meat, eggs, aquatic products, and dairy products have gradually increased, while grain consumption has gradually decreased. Wealthy families began to pay attention to the nutritional matching of three meals.
Snacks
Lianjiang County has rich and colorful snacks. Mainly include fish balls, flat meat (wontons), meat swallows, meat noodles, mixed noodles, beef offal, braised meat, fried cakes, sesame eggs (sesame balls), oyster cakes, pot side paste, fried taro paste, spring rolls, fried buns, etc. Hundreds of species. Lianjiang fish balls and fish noodles have always been famous at home and abroad. Fish balls are made of minced fresh fish mixed with potato starch as the shell, and filled with lean meat, etc., and are shaped into ping pong ball-sized balls. They are elastic, crispy and delicious, and are popular in Fuzhou and other counties. After the 1980s, it became a hot commodity in Shanghai and became popular on the Bund.
Fish noodles are handmade by mincing fresh fish and mixing them with potato starch. They are soft and crispy and are a common delicacy at banquets. After the 1980s, medicated snacks became popular. Poultry, meat or fish were stewed with supplements such as wolfberry, angelica and longan, or traditional Chinese medicine.
Hobbies
People in Lianjiang County have always liked drinking tea. The local green tea is especially popular with "Qingming tea" and "Mingqian tea" picked before Qingming and Qingming. In the early 1970s, he began to drink cola, juice and other drinks. After the 1980s, coffee became a premium beverage for entertaining guests, and mineral water became fashionable. However, tea is still the main beverage, and middle-aged and elderly people especially like to drink tea.
People in the county like to drink home-made wine, mainly orange rice wine. In summer along the coast, they often drink white wine made from sweet potatoes. Since the 1980s, beer consumption has been increasing year by year, and drinking habits have changed.
Style of Clothing
In the Qing and pre-Qing dynasties, Han men’s clothing mostly consisted of double-breasted clothing and twisted crotch trousers; women’s clothing consisted of side-breasted clothing and twisted trousers; rich merchants of the Yin Dynasty Only gentry and teachers wear long gowns and mandarin jackets. The fabrics of clothes and pants are mostly hand-woven cotton and ramie, with single colors, mainly blue and black; a few people sew them with silk, silk, satin, etc. The clothing of the She ethnic group is unique, and the men's clothing is basically similar to that of the Han ethnic group. Only the placket and cuffs are decorated with trim; the woman wears a phoenix costume, the placket and sleeves are trimmed with five-color floral threads, a red and blue silk ribbon with fringes is tied around the waist, and an apron is wrapped around the belly with embroidered trim in all directions; He wears shorts on his lower body and his legs are wrapped in red cloth strips.
During the Republic of China, Chinese tunic suits, student uniforms and women’s cheongsam became popular in cities and towns. Fabrics include khaki, twill, poplin, fragrant yarn, indanthrene, factory cloth, woolen, and squeak; a few people began to knit clothes and pants with wool thread.
From 1949 to the early 1960s, in addition to traditional styles, new styles were added: Lenin suits, work clothes, Czech shirts, cotton-padded clothes, etc. During the "Cultural Revolution", military-style casual clothes and military coats in grass green, yellow, and gray were popular among young men and women. Since the 1980s, people have paid attention to the material, color, style and brand name of clothing. Men's and women's clothing has been constantly changing, with bright and diverse colors, including suits, sportswear, leather jackets, windbreakers, jackets, bat shirts, denim jackets, and cardigans. , rabbit sweaters, jackets, woolen coats and new cheongsams, etc. Pants styles include: bell-bottom pants, straight-leg pants, trousers, bodybuilding pants, etc. Skirt styles include; pleated skirts, triangle skirts, suspender skirts, vest skirts, denim skirts, miniskirts, etc. Dresses were popular in the mid-1980s. Various clothing materials include: acrylic, wool, artificial silk, artificial leather, real silk, leather, etc.
Shoe style
In the late Qing Dynasty, men wore cloth shoes with round mouths, and clogs were commonly worn in rural areas. The sound of walking on summer nights was crisp and clear. Women wear embroidered shoes with round mouths, old women wear embroidered shoes with small toes, and peasant women usually wear straw sandals. In the early Republic of China, women's foot binding was abolished, and young women no longer wore embroidered shoes. Men began to wear lace-up sneakers and rain boots, and a few wealthy men wore leather shoes. After the founding of New China, footwear styles gradually changed with the improvement of living standards, including sneakers, rain boots, liberation shoes, elastic shoes, leather shoes, plastic sandals, various imitation leather shoes, etc. Traveling shoes and hiking shoes became popular in the 1980s, but the most common ones are leather shoes and plastic sandals. Farmers began to wear wellies when working in the fields.
Hairstyle
In the Qing Dynasty, Han men shaved their foreheads, had long braids on the back of their heads, tied their heads in buns, and wore bowl hats. Unmarried women wear their eyebrows in a single long braid; married women wear their hair in a bun. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, revolutionaries in the territory had already cut their braids, and by the time of the Republic of China, it was common for men to cut their braids. Men's hairstyles are mostly "navy" and they wear fedora hats. Hairstyles include waist-length double braids and horn braids. She women have unique hairstyles: unmarried women wear braids, married women wear phoenix crowns (spiral-shaped dragon buns), and their hair is tied with wool threads (blue threads for the elderly and red threads for the young). At the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, young and middle-aged Han men started to get haircuts such as "one piece down" and "37" haircuts. It is popular to wear liberation hats or engineering hats, and the elderly have flat-top haircuts. Wear hoods, monkey hats, and cotton hats. Elderly women all wear buns and black velvet hats. Children wear hoods. In the 1980s, men tended to have parted hair and a buzz cut, while most young and middle-aged women had short hair, some with perms. A few young men and women were particular about Hong Kong-style and Cantonese-style hair styles.
Jewelry
Before the founding of the People’s Republic of China, it was fashionable for women to wear silver hairpins, silver hairpins, silver flowers, and white earrings in their buns, silver bracelets and rings on their hands, and silver earrings on their ears. Wealthy women wear gold hoops, gold rings, and jewelry such as pearls, agate jade bracelets, and jadeite. She women like to wear silver hairpins and needles. Unmarried women wear earrings and married women wear earrings. From the 1950s to the 1970s, it was no longer fashionable for Han women to wear jewelry. After the 1980s. It became common for women to wear jewelry again, and some men also wore jewelry.
Travel
Before the Qing Dynasty, the waterway transportation in Lianjiang County was mainly wooden sailing boats and sampans. During the Republic of China, there were motorized ships on the Minjiang and Aojiang rivers. The land route is on foot. A few people sit in sedan chairs or bamboo poles. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, with the development of transportation, short-distance travel still relied on walking, while medium- and long-distance travel was mostly carried out by bicycles, cars, motor boats, and ships. 1970s. Bicycles are very popular, and both urban and rural men and women ride bicycles when commuting to and from work, working in the fields, delivering fertilizers and snacks, etc. In the mid-1980s, motorcycles became increasingly popular as a means of transportation. In the later period, human-powered tricycles filled the county town, carrying people and delivering goods right to their homes. When traveling far away, it is very convenient to take a bus to Fuzhou or Mawei, and then take a bus, train, ship or plane to various places. The ancestors of Lianjiang migrated from other places to the fertile soil of Lianjiang and thrived for generations. They choose the fertile land on both sides of the rivers in the Aojiang River Basin and Danyang, Liaoyan, Dongdai, Tuubao and other places to live in groups. During that period, humans had entered a matrilineal or patrilineal clan society and began to grind stone tools, make stone arrowheads, make bows and arrows, and bake rough pottery vessels.
According to the general survey of cultural sites in the county, stone knives, stone axes, stone adzes (cultivation tools made by grinding stone flakes by ancient people) and stone arrowheads (used by ancient people) have been found. More than 380 pieces of arrowheads made from ground stone flakes (i.e. the front part of the arrow), stone rings, pottery and fossil specimens printed with checkered, mat, geometric and basket patterns were classified and appraised by experts from the Fujian Provincial Cultural Relics Department. , confirmed to be cultural sites from the Late Neolithic and Bronze Age. These cultural sites are mainly distributed in the barren mountains and ridges of 30 villages along the river and on both sides of the stream in six towns including Aojiang, Danyang, Liaoyan, Pandu, Dongdai and Toubao. Among them, the Yunjushan Cultural Site in Dongdai Town has the largest area, with a distribution area of ??about 100,000 square meters. It is the settlement area with the largest number of Lianjiang ancestors.
Ancient kiln site
Kiln site is a production site for making pottery and porcelain vessels. Lianjiang began to develop ceramic production as early as the Southern Dynasty to the Song Dynasty. It has a history of more than 1,600 years. It was well-known at home and abroad during the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, and was one of the four major kiln systems in Fujian Province. Ceramics produced in Lianjiang are exported to more than a dozen countries in Southeast Asia. The National Museum of Australia also collects exquisite celadon, white porcelain and black glaze produced by Lianjiang Pukou Long Kiln.
The more famous ones in the county include Kuiqi and Jigu kiln sites in Jiangnan Township, Tangli kiln site in Guanban, Zhenru kiln site in Changlong Town, Guandu Kiln site in Toubao Town and The Pukou kiln site in Pukou Town. The larger one is the Nanshan kiln site in Kuiqi Village, which is spread over five hills and covers an area of ??more than 4,000 square meters. The ceramic site accumulation layer is up to 3 meters thick. The porcelain collected from this kiln site includes daily utensils such as bowls, plates, lamps, bottles, and jars, as well as kiln furniture such as support rings, saggers, and pedestals. Ceramic patterns include printed patterns, concave string patterns, striped patterns, curly grass flowers and other shapes. The glaze colors are blue-yellow and green-green, and it has been identified as a kiln site from the Southern Song Dynasty to the Yuan Dynasty.
The Pukou kiln site is named after Long kiln (Long kiln: a brick kiln with a kiln length ranging from 3050 meters), with a stove mouth at the head and a chimney at the end. There are 36 kilns in total, known as the Thirty-Six Dragon Kilns, distributed in more than a dozen hills on both sides of the road in Pukou Town and where the current middle school is located, covering an area of ??more than 1 square kilometers. It is the kiln site with the largest number, largest scale, and most diverse designs and varieties of ancient porcelain in Lianjiang. The ceramics produced include black glaze, gray white, blue and white, etc., as well as colored porcelain. The craftsmanship and style are unique, the colors and varieties are constantly updated, and the forms of utensils are diversified. In addition to bowls, cups, saucers, and lamps, the production process requires high requirements. There are dozens of vase products such as long-necked vases, round-lip vases, and bulging-belly vases, each of which has its own unique style. It has been identified as an ancient kiln site from the Southern Song Dynasty to the Ming Dynasty. Pukou kiln site and Kuiqi kiln site are both listed as county-level cultural relics protection units.
Chinese and Australian experts jointly conducted underwater archeology in Dinghai Bay and unearthed thousands of ceramics. Australian experts also inspected the Pukou Dragon Kiln. After analysis and research, it was confirmed that most of them were produced by the Pukou Dragon Kiln. .
Ancient Shipwreck Site
The area from the mouth of the Minjiang River to Huangqi Bay was called Gantang Port in ancient times. It was the main channel for boat navigation at home and abroad in ancient and modern times. However, because there were no navigation marks in ancient times, and The waters here are densely covered with reefs, and ships sailing at night often hit rocks and sink.
According to inspections by the cultural relics management department, 11 ancient shipwreck sites were discovered in the sea 1,200 meters southwest of Changsha Village in Huangqi Town, 3,500 meters southeast of Hasha Village in Xiaocheng Town, and 250 meters in Dinghai Village.
More than 3,000 underwater cultural relics including ceramic bowls, pots, bowls, cups, jars, inkstones, iron cannons, and copper guns were excavated from the shipwreck site. They were identified as shipwreck sites from the Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties.
In March 1990, Collide Clark, researcher at the Southeast Asian Ceramics Research Center of the University of Adelaide, Australia, Jimmy Green, director of the Archeology Department of the Western Australian Maritime Museum, and technician Robert Richard, together with Chinese history Museum director Yu Weichao, researcher Zhang Wei and archaeologists from the Cultural Relics Division of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, with the cooperation of the Fujian Provincial Museum, Fuzhou Municipal Museum and the Lianjiang County Cultural Bureau, led 11 students from China's first generation of underwater archeology class to station in the In Dinghai Village, Xiaocheng County, a three-month underwater archaeological survey of the surrounding 300-meter sea area was conducted, and 9 ancient shipwreck sites were unearthed in the sea area. More than 2,000 pieces of ceramic vessels and other cultural relics were excavated from the seabed, as well as the remains of many sunken ships. The remains of the shipwrecks were collected, and videos of the distribution locations of the sunken ships and cultural relics on the seabed were taken, the topographic map of the shipwreck sites and cultural relics distribution was mapped, the location of the shipwrecks was calibrated and fixed, and the underwater archaeological task of Dinghai was successfully completed. China and Australia jointly wrote an academic paper on underwater archeology in Dinghai, Lianjiang County, which was published in the Journal of World Archeology in November of that year.
In 1975, a canoe was also unearthed from the Aojiang Palace and is now collected in the Fujian Provincial Museum. Lianjiang is rich in cultural relics. Collection and excavation of some cultural relics began in the 1950s and 1960s. Organized collection and excavation work began in the 1970s. By 2005, the Lianjiang Museum collected more than 4,000 cultural relics, including more than 2,000 national second- and third-level cultural relics, ranking first among the five districts and eight counties of Fuzhou City.
Cultural items include stoneware, pottery, porcelain, metalware, jade, wood carvings, stone carvings, stationery, currency, cloth, bricks, genealogy, rubbings and other categories. Most of the cultural relics are collected or excavated from folk, temples, ancient tombs, construction sites, underwater shipwreck sites, etc.
In March 1993, an ancient tomb from the Song Dynasty was excavated in Yushan, Fengcheng Town, and 97 cultural relics such as iron oxen, stone inkstones, and stone figurines were unearthed. In June 1997, the county cultural relics department cooperated with Feng Mingsheng, an expert on ancient ceramics from the Palace Museum in Beijing, to inspect and identify the ancient ceramic kiln site of the Song Dynasty in Pukou, and collected more than 100 ancient ceramic specimens. In May 1981, when people were digging foundations for building houses at the north gate of Fengcheng, they discovered two iron cannons cast in Lianjiang in the 20th year of Daoguang reign of the Qing Dynasty (1840). In August of the same year, Dongtang Village in Donghu Town unearthed a jar of ancient coins weighing 150 kilograms in the long-abandoned garden of the surname He. Among them were more than 30 ancient coins from the Song Dynasty, which are precious cultural relics. In 1987, the Young Pioneers of Dinghai Primary School donated more than 800 pieces of ceramic cultural relics from the Song to Qing dynasties. The school set up a cultural relics exhibition room as a patriotism education base for students. In 1988, the County Cultural Center cooperated with the Fuzhou Cultural Management Committee to excavate three ancient tombs from the Jin Dynasty in Dachengkou Village, Xiaocheng Town, and collected 21 unearthed cultural relics. Among them, the ceramic chicken head pot is a rare cultural treasure.
In 1990, the "Guo Surname Fu" was collected in Dinghai Village (that is, the emperor of the Ming Dynasty gave Zheng Chenggong the surname Zhu, so Zheng Chenggong used the "Guo Surname" as his symbol, such as "Guo Surname Fu", "Guo Surname Chuan" , "Guo Xing Hu", etc.) 1 piece of copper gun, identified as a small artillery piece used by the navy of the national hero Zheng Chenggong. It is collected in the Lianjiang County Museum and its replica is on display at the Zheng Chenggong Memorial Hall in Xiamen. The ancient pagoda and ancient bridge are the landmark buildings of Lianjiang.
Ancient pagodas: The main ancient pagodas include the Ruiguang Pagoda of Tianwang Temple in the Tang Dynasty, the Puguang Pagoda of Yunju Temple in the Yuan Dynasty, and the Hanguang Pagoda of Doumen Temple in the Ming Dynasty.
Old Bridge: Lianjiang has convenient water and land transportation, and there are many rivers in the territory, with as many as 73 streams over 3 kilometers long. According to county annals, there are 149 ancient bridges in Lianjiang River. However, due to historical changes, they were either destroyed by floods, fires, wars, or replaced by modern highway bridges. Among the 46 ancient bridges that have survived, 8 were built in the Song Dynasty, 2 in the Yuan Dynasty, 6 in the Ming Dynasty, 19 in the Qing Dynasty, and 12 were dated. The more famous ones include Tongji Bridge in the county seat, Zhugong Bridge in Liaoyan and Tangbian Bridge in Guanban.