There are many legends and relics about Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, in Liuyang. Some say he was a monk at the Diamond Frost Temple, some say he cut off the dragon's veins in Dawei Mountain, and some say he was the King of Diamonds. The lake was named after the arrival of the prince (another theory is that it was the prince of Emperor Xizong of the Tang Dynasty). In short, there are different opinions, whether true or false, they all become allusions and famous places, and they can be read with a smile. However, those who recently heard about Lao Zhu's bloodbath in Liuyang suddenly realized that this matter was not big or small, and it was necessary to find out. There are different folklores
There are many versions about Zhu Yuanzhang's bloodbath in Liuyang: First, Zhu Yuanzhang ordered the bloodbath in Liuyang in order to retaliate against the people of Liuyang for supporting Chen Youliang. Second, Liu Bowen looked at the sky and said that the emperor would be born in Liuyang in three hundred years. In order to protect his empire forever, Zhu Yuanzhang launched a killing spree and annihilated the entire city; the third is that it is said that when Zhu Yuanzhang was begging in Liuyang, he was beaten up because he stole someone's sweet potatoes, and he swore to become the emperor and bloodbathed Liuyang; the fourth is that it is said that after Zhu Yuanzhang became the emperor, he was brutally beaten. , his various factions went to Nanjing to celebrate him. He was tired of coping, so he ordered all the people to enter Beijing in order. When he heard that a team of troops had arrived in Changsha, he ordered a "three days' rest", but was misrepresented as "three days of bloodbath" (another said it was "street killing" and misrepresented as "all kill")
Various rumors seem realistic, but upon careful analysis, it is not difficult to find loopholes in them. First of all, if Zhu Yuanzhang killed all the people in Liuyang because they supported Chen Youliang, then the fate of Jiangxi people seems to be even worse, because when Zhu Yuanzhang and Chen Youliang fought in Poyang Lake, Chen Youliang received strong support from the locals. In fact, after Zhu Yuanzhang became emperor, he retaliated against Jiangxi people, but the method of retaliation was not mass killings, but increased taxes, which caused Jiangxi people to flee and flock to neighboring Huguang. Not only Liuyang, but the entire Huguang A large number of Jiangxi people have settled in both cities, becoming part of the immigration history of "Jiangxi filling up Huguang". The same is true for Liuyang. According to historical records, Liuyang collected 40,000 shi of grain in a normal year. After Zhu Yuanzhang came to the throne, he doubled the amount to 80,000 shi.
Secondly, killing everyone in the city because of Feng Shui problems is even more ridiculous, and it seems that it can only be seen in dramas; as for Zhu Yuanzhang being insulted in Liuyang while begging and swearing to kill everyone in Liuyang, it seems to exaggerate Zhu Yuanzhang's Cruel and narrow-minded, I think he had been begging for many years and was humiliated more than once. What's more, it would be unbelievable to kill an entire county just because he was beaten. As for the misinformation about the decree and the killing, I am afraid that it is the "well-intentioned" speculation of later generations: it is contrary to common sense for the emperor who was in a hurry to ascend the throne to issue such an order. Even if his subordinates have no brains, they have to think about the time when Chang Yuchun killed and surrendered. consequences. Since there is not enough evidence to prove that Lao Zhu ordered the bloodbath, we can only say "intentional" instead of "unintentional".
From this point of view, the so-called pure legend not only lacks the support of reliable documentary materials, but also the legend itself has many versions and cannot withstand scrutiny.
So why is the theory of Zhu Yuanzhang’s bloodbath in Liuyang so widespread? This is probably related to the fact that people in the world are looking for the root cause of everything, not only to know what is happening, but also to know why it is happening. In other words, "Zhu Yuanzhang bloodbathed Liuyang" is just a reason people find for the established facts. This established fact is that there are very few indigenous Liuyang people left. The contemporary Liuyang people are composed of immigrants from Jiangxi, Guangdong and other places, and there are huge differences between Liuyang dialect and dialects in other parts of Hunan. These are enough to arouse people's curiosity. Is it all the fault of dialect?
Dialect is really a wonderful thing. It can not only reflect a person's character, but also help people trace their origins and distinguish between relatives.
Who in Hunan doesn’t know “Jiangxi Laobiao”? Whenever Jiangxi old people are mentioned, they bring up the past of Jiangxi filling Huguang. Liuyang people are often asked about Jiangxi issues in other places, and the reason is often Liuyang dialect.
"Why is Liuyang dialect so different from other dialects in Hunan?"
"Because Liuyang dialect is a type of Gan dialect"
"Why do Liuyang people Speak Jiangxi dialect?"
"Because many Liuyang people moved here from Jiangxi."
"Where are the original Liuyang people?"
" Got killed.
"
"When? ”
“Several times. "
"Is it because Zhu Yuanzhang and Chen Youliang were fighting for the world, and Liuyang people helped Chen Youliang, so..."
"Well, yes. "
"I heard that Liuyang suffered several massacres in history? "
"Yes, almost dead. ”
“Ah, when did it happen?” ”
“The time of Zhu Yuanzhang. ”
“I heard that Liuyang people immigrated from Jiangxi? "
"Yes, our ancestors migrated from Nanchang. Didn't Zhu Yuanzhang bloodbath Liuyang at that time? All the locals in Liuyang were like that. ”
The above is a conversation that people from Liuyang often encounter when they are out of town. Strangely enough, the story of Zhu Yuanzhang’s bloodbath in Liuyang is widely circulated outside Liuyang, but is rarely heard in the local area. The author He was born and raised in Liuyang, and it was only after he left his hometown that he learned about the story of "Zhu Yuanzhang's bloodbath in Liuyang." Although he had heard of the tragic annihilation of Liuyang people in history, no one could tell when it happened and why. There are very few clear and reliable documents and material materials, and the search for answers has been fruitless. Instead, after traveling to other places, I learned some of the above statements from other people. Among them, the rumor that Zhu Yuanzhang took revenge for helping Chen Youliang became known. The best material for Liuyang people to explain to outsiders: I couldn’t explain why at first, but since someone else had the answer, and this answer seemed to be the most reasonable among all the answers, I took it seriously. As the rumors spread more and more widely, , more and more people think they have found the long-lost answer, so they acquiesce in this statement.
This is the fact. When people in Liuyang are asked whether they believe in "Zhu Yuanzhang's bloodbath in Liuyang", most people who believe it have reasons. "There should be, otherwise how can we explain that Liuyang people moved here from Jiangxi and Guangdong?" "Liuyang's "different pronunciation for ten miles" is a clear proof.
"Why is the Liuyang dialect so different from Changzhutan dialect? This seems to reflect this formulation from one side. "Some people also attribute Meng Yuan's "deeds" of horse racing and encircling the land and bloodbath of Liuyang City to Zhu Yuanzhang's head. "Innocent culprit?
The diversity of languages ??stems from the complex origins of immigrants, and the reason for the formation of immigrant cities is based on the premise of the mass extinction of indigenous residents. Why are there so few indigenous Liuyang people left? What happened? Find out the cause of this problem, and other problems will be solved easily.
There are rumors that Zhu Yuanzhang ordered the "bloodbath of Liuyang" out of revenge, but the destruction of Liuyang people had a lot to do with Zhu Yuanzhang. As we all know, Chen Youliang was from Mianyang, Hubei (now Honghu, Hubei). When he was fighting for the world, the two sides fought for a long time in the area of ??Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan. In the troubled times, many Liuyang natives fled their hometowns to avoid the war. Death in battle, epidemics, evasion of taxes and labor, concealment of population and failure to report the population, Zhu Yuanzhang's army wiped out the remnants of the Han army, and after many twists and turns, "the territory of Liuyang was full of hunger and death, and nine houses out of ten were empty. In addition, because the people of Liuyang had helped Chen Youliang with food and salary, After Zhu Yuanzhang established the Ming Dynasty, he was angry with the people of Liuyang and doubled the land tax in Liuyang. The people were overwhelmed and moved out one after another. All of the above have prompted the indigenous Liuyang people to "flee and lose their lives, abandoning the wilderness and not knowing where they are". After the war, Hongwu had to recruit a large number of Jiangxi people to settle down in Liuyang.
As for why Liuyang people are mostly immigrants from Jiangxi, it is not difficult to explain. First, as mentioned above, Jiangxi was at the forefront of the Zhu-Chen dispute. The people could not bear the chaos of the war and fled in all directions. Some of them fled to Liuyang. According to the genealogy records of Yu in Liuyang: "The founder Yuan Chenggong died in the flood in the second year of Tongguang in the later Tang Dynasty. Waziwan, Fengcheng City, Nanchang Prefecture, traveled to Wuling of Chu (today's Changde) with his brother Yuan Xianggong. The sixth generation of the wise minister, named Xiangqin, presented it to Dr. Guanglu. At the time of the chaos of Chen Youliang in the Yuan Dynasty, residents of all provinces fled from the invaders. The Duke took his family members and moved them from Jiangxi to Liuyang." Second, after Zhu Yuanzhang ascended the throne, he found that the population of Huguang was sparse, so people from Jiangxi moved to fill it, which was the famous "Jiangxi Filling Huguang" in history. After the war, Liuyang was sparsely populated and needed immigrants to fill the gap. Since Liuyang is adjacent to Jiangxi, immigrants from Jiangxi have become the largest source.
It can be seen that there are a large number of casualties among the indigenous Liuyang people, and the majority of contemporary Liuyang people are descendants of immigrants from Jiangxi, and they are inextricably linked to Zhu Yuanzhang. However, these can only illustrate the complexity of Liuyang dialect and its origins with Gan dialect. , but it cannot be used as evidence that Zhu Yuanzhang bloodbathed Liuyang.
In summary, due to the identity of the immigrant city of Liuyang and the complexity of Liuyang dialect, people are looking for an answer. In the absence of documentary materials, folk rumors have filled this gap. This rumor spread more and more widely, and many people believed it to be true. Since the rumors are all related to the battle between Zhu Yuanzhang and Chen Youliang, and Zhu Desheng, his name represents an era, and with the spread of rumors, "Zhu Yuanzhang's time" became "Zhu Yuanzhang", so Zhu Yuanzhang was "killed" in a bloodbath ."
"I did not kill Boren, but Boren died because of me." Zhu Yuanzhang had no intention of bloodbath, but participated in the bloodbath and caused similar results. From this point of view, Zhu Yuanzhang was indeed unjustly accused of "bloodbath", but compared with the suffering he caused to the people of Liuyang, what can we say?
It’s just that the historical truth is greater than the sky. Those who should be criticized must be criticized, and those who should be rectified must still be rectified.
Regardless of anything else, let’s just say that they were exterminated twice in 800 years (according to "Liuyang County Chronicles" and "Changsha Prefecture Chronicles"), at the end of the Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, due to strong resistance, the Mongolian army came from Tanzhou ( Starting from today's Changsha), the massacre of Liuyang was enough to make people lament!