Wanyan Sankun is an active figure of Wanyan family in Luyi County. He used to be the dean of Mapu Town Health Center, and now he works in Luyi County Health School. According to his research, their ancestors migrated from Feidong, Anhui Province during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, Wan Yanpei, the descendant of Jin Taizu's four emperors, followed Zhu Yuanzhang in the southern expedition to the north, and was named "Jurchen General" for his outstanding achievements. His fief was in Wanyanpaifang Village, Feidong County, Anhui Province. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, Pei 10' s grandson had to go to Beijing from Feidong to explore flowers to catch up with the exam and settle down as an official. Wan Yan Jinyou, former deputy director of Luyi County Construction Committee, said that before the founding of New China, there was a 50-mu Wan Yan ancestral temple in Wanlou Village. The architecture of Wanyan Ancestral Hall is a traditional temple architecture style, which embodies the architectural style of Jin Dynasty and has Manchu characteristics and royal cultural connotation. In front of the ancestral hall, there is a portrait of Hong Yan's ancestors, which is called "shadow" by the local people. In Luyi County, there are 10 natural villages such as Mapu, Taiqing, Tan Jia and Yanghukou besides Wanlou Village in Wobei Town, where the villagers of Wanyanjia live.
According to statistics, at present, there are 1 1594 descendants in China, including 660 1 in Henan Province, accounting for 57% of the national total, and 5836 in Luyi County, accounting for 50.3% of the national total. In addition, there are more than 3,000 people in Wanyan Village, Jingchuan County, Gansu Province, and more than 2,000 people in Wanyan Paifang Village, Feidong County, Anhui Province.
In order to survive, the hermit changed his surname.
From Yuan Dynasty to 1987, his family was Han nationality with a single surname of "Wan". The Genealogy of Wan Yan recorded that Tianxing lasted for three years, which continued the demise of the Jin Dynasty of 1 19, and those dignitaries had to flee everywhere. In order to survive, they changed their surnames, changed the Jurchen nationality to the Han nationality, and changed their surnames to Wang. Interpretation of Jin Dynasty Language said: "At that time, the Chinese surname was Wang." This Jurchen nationality still retains the surname Wan. In the history of Jin State 100 years, Wan Yan is the most distinguished surname of the Jurchen nationality, and only the emperor and imperial clan have the surname Wan Yan. They took great risks to keep the surname "Wan" in order to remind future generations that they still have royal blood.
In the early 1980s, the government of Feidong County, Anhui Province approved the application of Wan family in Wanfang Village, and after changing the single surname "Wan" to "",they also applied to the government of Luyi County. 1987, the single surname "Wan" of Jin Wushu descendants was changed to compound surname "Wan", and the ethnic category was also changed from Han nationality to Manchu. After more than 400 years of historical changes, some ancestral teachings of Hongyan people have changed, but some folk beliefs are still deeply branded in their hearts. Now, they don't eat horse meat and dog meat.
Wanyan Sankun said that the Jurchen nationality is a nomadic people, and horses are their main fighting tools, so they have deep feelings for horses. There is an allusion about not eating dog meat. When Nurhachi was young, Li, the company commander of the Ming Dynasty, tried to kill him. Nurhachi stole a horse in a hurry and escaped from the barracks with a big green dog he had raised. On the way to escape, the horse was shot to death by an arrow, so Nurhachi had to hide in a large meadow. Li set fire to him, and his big green dog quickly ran to the river, jumped into the water, and then rolled back to Nurhachi to put out the fire. In the end, Nurhachi escaped from danger, but the Qing dog was exhausted. From then on, Manchu people respected and loved dogs, and neither killed nor ate dog meat. Today, at weddings and funerals, they still cut horses and dogs with red paper and stick them on doors and windows. Manchu people love magpies and regard them as gods and totems of their own nation. Wan Yan Sankun said that Wan Yan, a villager in Lu Yi, still uses the "fist-shaking ceremony" when communicating. When young people salute their elders, they make a fist with their right hand, hold a right fist with their left hand from the left half, and tie their thumbs in parallel. When the elders reciprocate, their gestures are just the opposite. Bow down during the Spring Festival. Kneeling posture is half kneeling, eyes straight and head straight.
In addition, in the burial, Wanyan villagers followed the custom of putting bows and arrows made of wicker, hemp rope and sorghum stalks on the coffin, and the arrows were right in front of the coffin.
Generations of Chongwen and Martial Arts talents come forth in large numbers.
In most people's eyes, Wan Yan's ancestors were fierce. During the interview, the reporter contacted many Hong Yan family members. They are generous, down-to-earth, diligent and talented. According to the statistics of religious departments in Luyi County, more than 300 of the more than 5,000 villagers in Hongyanjia, Luyi County were admitted to universities, 3 were admitted to doctors and 4 were admitted to masters. Another four people won the title of model worker in Henan Province five times, and 1 person won the title of national advanced ethnic and religious worker.
People in the Hong Yan family are straightforward, unyielding and keen. In the 1960s, many people in the Wan Yan family practiced martial arts. After nightfall, they practiced martial arts in the village open space. Now most of the young people in the village have gone out to work, and fewer people practice martial arts. Wan Yan Sanjie, 70 years old, practiced martial arts with his father since childhood. When he was young, he used knives, guns, swords, sticks and other weapons. Today, he is nearly seventy years old and in good health. In his spare time, he also teaches his grandchildren to practice martial arts. According to the records of Luyi County Records, during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, more than a dozen martial artists and embroidery talents appeared in Hong Yan, Lu Yi, and many martyrs emerged in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the War of Liberation and the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea. So far, seven Hong Yan surnames have been engraved on the tombstone of Lu Yi Martyrs Cemetery.
Change the world and let future generations marry Yue.
Wan Yan Defu, former deputy director of Luyi County Education Bureau, said that the villagers in Wan Yan Village, Lu Yi have such a family rule: they don't listen to or watch the complete story of Yue, don't sing operas about General Yue, such as The Ceremony of Grass Slope, Eight Hammer and Anti-Xuzhou, and don't watch movies about Yue Fei. They think these works contain insults to their ancestors. In addition, the same surname does not marry, and does not marry Yue. Before the founding of New China, a troupe performed "Zhuxian Town" in a neighboring village in Mapu Town. When Hong Yan's family knew about it, they gathered a group of people and rushed to the pier table in the neighboring village to overturn it. The two sides almost fought for it. Wan Yan San Kun said that when he talked with descendants of Jin Wushu in Wan Yan Village, Jingchuan County, Gansu Province, he found that they also followed the ancestral motto that "men should not marry women with Yue surname, and women should not marry men with Yue surname". Thus, Wan Yan's descendants' family rules and ancestral teachings come down in one continuous line. However, this ancestral motto of Lu Yi was changed by Wan Yan Sanyong, who ended his hometown and village in Mapu Town.
1992, Yan Hong Sanyong fell in love with a girl named Yue in the neighboring village of this town. Just when they were about to get married, they were resolutely opposed by Yan Hong's parents and some people in the village. However, Hong Yan Sanyong argued that they were interfering with their freedom of marriage. Finally, Wan Yan Sanhe, secretary of the village party branch, called the people to discuss. Sanhe and some enlightened people in the village believe that this is a new society, and the marriage law also clearly stipulates the freedom of marriage. Moreover, it is of no practical significance not to marry Yue. In the end, they used their parents' work in thousands of words, and all's well that ends well. This is the first case that the Yan Hong family married Yue. In 2006, Li of our village also married a girl named Yue.
Attending the Jinyuan Cultural Festival was well received by the organizing committee.
On June 18, 2006, Wan Yan Sankun was invited to participate in the 4th Jinyuan Cultural Festival of Shangjing International held in Acheng, Heilongjiang, and Lu Yi Wan Yan came into public view and was welcomed by the organizing committee of Jinyuan Cultural Festival. Acheng is known as "the land where Jurchen thrives and the capital of Daikin". 1 1 15 years, akuta established the Daikin empire, which was once its capital. Now, Acheng can't find anyone named Hong Yan. The Organizing Committee of Jinyuan Cultural Festival attaches great importance to the arrival of Wanyan Sankun. When offering sacrifices to Jin Taizu, incense was given to Wanyan Sankun and Dipper. These orthodox families of Wanyan bowed down and other families bowed down. He and two other people brought wine to the ceremony where the descendants of Jurchen at home and abroad offered sacrifices to the statue of Jin Taizu. After that, he also cut the ribbon for the newly completed YanYan Children's Museum. What makes Wanyan Sankun even more happy is that he met with the president of Taiwan Province Zan Clan Association and the chairman of Taiwan Province Yifeng Group. Fujian and Taiwan are descendants of Wan Yan Han Zong, the founding father of Jin State. He invited Zhan Ming to visit Lu Yi. Zhan Ming is very interested in Lu Yi and said that he would definitely visit Lu Yi if he had the chance.
On August 13, 2008, Wan Yan Sankun was invited by the organizing committee of the 5th Jinyuan Cultural Festival to attend the 5th Jinyuan Cultural Festival in Acheng. Wan Yan San Kun was unable to attend due to illness. Whenever this matter is mentioned, Wanyan Sankun feels very sorry. He said that the Jinyuan Cultural Festival will be held again in the future. Whatever the reason, he will arrive early and attend on time.
Hong Yan's history and culture can be promoted.
1994 and 10, Lu Yi held a seminar on the historical origin of Wanyan's surname. 1997, 120 representatives of Wanyan's descendants from Anhui, Gansu, Beijing, Taiwan and Hong Kong attended. In order to carry forward the history and culture of Hong Yan surnames, more than ten representatives of Hong Yan descendants, including Hong Yan Sankun, Hong Yan Jinyou and Yan Yan Fuyou, ran around, and Qi Xin worked together to do a lot of work. June 2006 65438+1October 65438+June, approved by Zhoukou Historical and Cultural Research Association, Zhoukou Hong Yan Historical and Cultural Research Association was established. In June, 5438 +065438 10, the editorial committee of Lu Yi Wan Yan, a descendant of the royal family of Daikin Kingdom, was established and decided to compile the book Lu Yi Wan Yan, a descendant of the royal family of Daikin Kingdom.
Lu Yi Wan Yan, a descendant of the royal family of Daikin Kingdom, has more than 1.6 thousand words. The editorial board collected a lot of information, and after working overtime to draft, it finally completed the first draft at the beginning of last year, then revised the third draft and finally published it in June this year. This book mainly elaborates the historical origin, national characteristics and living habits of Lu Yi Yan Hong. At the end of the interview, Wan Yan Sankun also told reporters that Jurchen also made contributions to the historical process of multi-ethnic integration of the Chinese nation. The quiet Jinghe River flows quietly through Wangcun Town, Jingchuan County. On the north bank of Jinghe River, at the foot of Jiuding Meihua Mountain, which looks like nine plum blossoms, there are more than 5,000 descendants of Jurchen Wanyanbu. The descendants of Wan Yan, a tomb keeper, abide by the traditions handed down by their ancestors. Now, it has become Hong Yan's largest colony in China. Walking into Wanyan Village is like walking into a vivid historical picture of Jurchen nationality.
Yan hong ren Jia ling shou ren
There is a Wanyan Village in Wangcun Town. This village governs Donggou and Xigou in Hong Yan and is home to all Hong Yan families. These 800-year-old grave keepers have now become the last Hong Yan tribe. Led by Zhang Huaiqun, vice chairman of Jingchuan CPPCC, the reporter visited the largest settlement of descendants of Hong Yan in China. Wanyan Village is located on the north bank of Jinghe River, next to the famous Jiuding Meihua Mountain. According to the old man in the village, the people in Wan Yan Village are the grave keepers of Wan Yan Heng, the eldest son of Jin Wushu. According to historical records, Wan fought with his father since he was a child, and he was brave and good at fighting. During the reign of Emperor Xizong of Jin Dynasty, he was named King Rui, and was later killed by Wan Yanliang, the son of Jin Wushu's eldest brother.
1 16 1 year, Wan's family moved Wan's grave to today's Jingchuan, which was mostly left by the former headquarters. At present, in Jingchuan, Wan Yanheng's tomb is called Wang Rui's tomb, and there are many place names related to Wan Yanheng, such as Rui Wangzui and Rui Wang Ping. Since Wan was later named King Koryo, the local people also called the tomb King Koryo's Tomb. Nowadays, most people in Wanyan Village are descendants of grave keepers at that time. During the 70-odd years from Wan Yanheng's reburial to Jin's death, these grave keepers took their ancestral graves as the basis for their settlement, and naturally multiplied and formed Wan Yanheng's settlement area. They learned Chinese and Han farming techniques, but they had no choice but to marry the local Han people, forming a transition from the army to the people and from the grave keeper to the ordinary people. After Kim's death, they became native people in Jingchuan. With the development of history, they were registered as Han nationality by the whole village once and for all. Wan Yanbang in the village said: "Wan Yan Racecourse from Pingquan near Zhenyuan to Xincheng; Cultivated land belonging to Wanyan Village used to be called Junping and Guandi, a considerable part of which was not used for food, and the output was used for ancestor worship. Before 1942, Wan Yan did not pay miscellaneous taxes for farming. "
Look at the secret tradition of wanyan village.
Release horses, eagles, cranes and sacrifice yellow ropes ... For 800 years, the residents of Wanyan Village have been observing these traditional customs. The old people in the village said that since they officially settled by the Jinghe River, some ancient customs of this nation have been passed down and repeated year after year, which has become the homesickness and sustenance of our ancestors in this secluded village of Wanyan. Sacrificing yellow rope is one of the most famous sacrificial ceremonies in Wanyan Village. Before the start of the sacrifice, the villagers used a yellow rope with a length of 1000 meters to connect to the vicinity of Yanyan ancestral hall at the foot of the mountain, and then put down paper horses, paper cranes and paper sculptures from the top of the mountain along the rope. Yellow rope is the homonym of "Yellow God", and it is taken as a sacrifice to the Emperor God, that is, the meaning of ancestors. This is a unique form of ancestor worship formed by the people of Wanyan village in the unknown era, and it also embodies the connotation of shamanism in Wanyan village. Nowadays, people in Wanyan Village still strictly abide by three clan rules, guarding the cultural symbols and folk beliefs of Wanyan people: First, they don't listen to or watch Yue Quanzhuan; Second, don't sing or watch operas like "The Grand Ceremony of Grass Slope" and "Eight Hammer"; Third, the same surname does not marry. People with foreign surnames are not allowed to enter the ancestral temple, and nephews are absolutely not allowed to enter the ancestral temple to worship their ancestors.
People in Wanyan Village still think of their ancestors from time to time. In the ancestral hall of Wanyan Village, there is a portrait of Song and Jin Wushu handed down from generation to generation. Although this portrait is copied from the original, it is still lifelike. 1June, 936, Zhang Dongye, then the magistrate of Jingchuan County, learned that there were portraits of Song and Jin Wushu in the clan, so he went to browse and take pictures. Today, the photo is kept in Jingchuan County Museum with a caption: "The portrait is made of Jin Dynasty cloth, decayed in Ming Dynasty, copied again, 9 feet long, bright in color and delicate in brushwork. Every New Year's Eve, the whole Hong Yan clan hangs like a secret sacrifice and hides after the sacrifice. "
The mysterious nine plum blossom mountains left a mystery for future generations.
People in Wanyan Village live by the Jinghe River according to nine Meihua Mountains. Being in Meihua Mountain in Jiuding, I can't detect any difference from other ordinary loess bags. From the hill on the south bank of Jinghe River, nine beautiful and round steamed buns are as big as each other and connected together. Therefore, it is known as Jiuding Meihua Mountain. There are nine ancient tombs in the local area, and the "Wangcun" in Wangcun Town is a slip of the tongue. There are several royal tombs scattered on Meihua Mountain in Jiuding. In the southeast of Dongping, Xiaogou and Wanyan Village, there is the tomb of Wanyanheng, which is called "Wang Rui Tomb" and "Hanwang Tomb" by local people. It is because the eldest son of Jin Wushu, who moved to the grave, was killed that today's Yan Hong tribe came into being, and local names such as "Wang Rui Tomb" and "Wang Rui Mouth" were left behind.
After the tomb of Heng, the tomb of the last emperor of Jin Dynasty was located according to the blood relationship between grandparents and grandchildren. As the great-grandson of Jin Wushu, less than a day after he proclaimed himself emperor, he was besieged and killed by the Yuan Army in today's Cai County, Henan Province. His relatives and soldiers carried coffins to Jingchuan day and night, and buried them in the dustpan bay behind Samsung Village Ridge in Taiping Township. Because Yan Yan's grave keeper has settled in the north of Jinghe River for more than 60 years, Yan Yan's family who escorted the coffin also settled in the north of Jinghe River. This secret has been kept for more than 800 years. Due to the long distance, it is inconvenient to pay homage. In February 2003, Yan Yan people moved the tomb of Yan Yan Cheng Lin back to Yan Yan Village and hid it behind Wang Rui's tomb. When I was a child, I followed my parents to Bojiwan to pay homage. He said, "Pojiwan has the tomb of Wan Yan Cheng Lin, which was handed down by my ancestors. Every New Year's Eve, the village will kill several big fat pigs. Our children ran more than 20 miles to burn paper, just to share a bite of pork. "
History always has some dramatic coincidences. In Jiuding Meihua Mountain, another Wang Han is buried. In the more than 200 years after Wan's death, Zhu Song, the 20th son of Zhu Yuanzhang in Ming Dynasty, did it, and his son Gong Wang came to Pingliang and spread it to the 20th century. After the death of the King of Han Palace, relatives took a fancy to the geomantic omen of nine Meihua Mountains and buried them in them. Two generations of Hanwang were dramatically buried in one place. Due to many excavations in the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, Wang Han's tomb in the Ming Dynasty was empty and exposed. Now there are only brick hoop tombs and a number of red painted stone gates blocked with big stones. It is precisely because of the existence of many imperial tombs that the saying that Jiuding Meihua Mountain is nine imperial tombs has been recognized by most people in the local area. In Jiuding Meihua Mountain, history has left many puzzles.
Hongyan people began to publicly worship their ancestors and seek their roots.
After hiding for more than 800 years, the descendants of the grave keeper in Wanyan Village began to publicly worship their ancestors and seek their roots. March 15, 2004 (May 3rd in Gregorian calendar) is the 800th anniversary of ancestor worship in Wanyan Village. On the same day, Wanyan Village held the first public ancestor worship activity since these grave keepers settled in Jingchuan, and it was also the largest and highest-standard ancestor worship activity in 800 years.
On June 17, 2004, Xiaoying, Chengbei, Huaixu and Jie from Wanyan Village made a special trip to Acheng, Heilongjiang Province on behalf of their fellow villagers to attend the Millennium Root-seeking Ceremony of the 3rd Jinyuan Cultural Festival. Acheng is the founding capital of the Jin Dynasty and the hometown of the Jurchen Wanyan Department of the Jin Dynasty. At the ancestor worship ceremony, several representatives of Wanyan Village said, "We are going home!" Deeply expressed their excitement of returning to their ancestral homeland after more than 800 years.