Which warrior can write an article on the theme of commemorating the 70th anniversary of the Long March and the immortal legend?

The two most famous sentences written here are fear on the beach, saying fear and sighing in the lonely ocean. This is the landscape of Gannan. After meeting at the gate of Ganzhou, the Ganjiang River flows northwards and joins Chongqing-Xiaoxiao Mountain in central Jiangxi. The Ganjiang River crosses this mountain and forms eighteen beaches of Ganjiang River on the river course. Fear beach is one of them. It used to be very dangerous to sail here. Wen Tianxiang often travels between Ganzhou and Ji 'an, knowing this place, so it is very appropriate to use this sentence to describe the national politics at that time. The country has reached a critical period, just like singing the national anthem. What role did Ganzhou play in the historical evolution of Hakka? Ganzhou plays an important role in the journey of Hakka culture, because the ancestors of Hakka people are in the north. Since the Eastern Jin Dynasty, they mainly moved southward due to war and famine, from the Yellow River to the Huaihe River, then to the Yangtze River, and continued to move southward along the south bank of the Yangtze River. One is Xiangjiang River and the other is Ganjiang River. The source of Xiangjiang River is in Guangxi, and there is a minority area. At that time, the Hakkas chose Ganjiang River as the road, from north to south, crossing Eighteen Beaches, which is a natural geographical dividing line. The specific location is on the river between Ganzhou and Ji 'an, entering the mountainous area of southern Jiangxi, and then finding a relatively stable geographical environment. After the adjustment and integration of cultural mentality, they settled here and formed such a cultural group suitable for life in southern Jiangxi. This group is Hakkas. After the formation of Gannan, Hakkas continued to move southward, entering western Fujian and then entering eastern Guangdong, where they developed into the highest form of Hakka culture. After the broadcast, it moved overseas and to the southwest of China. Ganzhou is the cradle of Hakkas. After the Hakkas came from the north, they were first formed here, and the Hakka culture was formed here. Then it developed to the west of Fujian, matured in the east of Guangdong, and then moved overseas and moved to the southwest of China. What is the most representative of Hakka culture in Gannan? There are many sayings about the characteristics of Hakkas, but we can grasp the following links. First of all, the language reserved by Hakkas is special, and the biggest feature is that it retains the grammatical features of ancient Chinese in the Tang and Song Dynasties in the Central Plains, such as language, pronunciation and intonation. The second is the social structure. Hakka maintained its family-centered organizational structure in the Tang and Song Dynasties. By the late feudal society in China, China had entered a family-centered society, but the Hakkas were still family-centered, and dozens of people came here to live and work together. This is the characteristic of Hakkas. Hakka people still retain many cultural ideas of the Tang and Song Dynasties, such as eating habits, laws and regulations, etc., which are preserved in Hakka culture. Speak the language first, because it is easier to understand. Today, some poems in the Tang Dynasty don't rhyme, because great changes have taken place in China's language system since the Yuan Dynasty. But if it rhymes with Hakka dialect, such as Mutu's Walking in the Mountains, it is far away from the cold mountain and there are people in the depths of the white clouds. Stop and sit in the maple forest late, and the frost leaves are red in February. Rhyme and rhyme don't match. In Hakka, don't read obliquely. It's pronounced in two tones, qia or Xia, but the rhyme is both A. If you use Hakka, it's far from Hanshan Rock Well in Summer. In terms of festivals, such as Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival, the cultural system is the same as that of the Central Plains, but the ethnic minorities in this area are different from the Han nationality. For example, in some places, the Mid-Autumn Festival is held on August 15, but ethnic minorities celebrate it on August 16, and the Hakkas retain their folk customs from the Central Plains. Hakka dwellings are matched with their social forms, and the organizational form of Hakka is family-style. It is not a family of five, but a clan, so we should provide it with living space. This is what we call a house. Hakka folk houses are big houses and large-scale buildings. Please note that after the introduction of the construction method after the Song Dynasty, there were strict restrictions on ordinary people building houses, and they could not exceed the specifications, regardless of Hakka people. The Qing Dynasty is a good example. Kansai is a typical building that goes against the central government. This is mainly because of the needs of Hakkas. What are the characteristics of Hakka folk songs in Ganzhou? ) Folk songs are one of the most common oral literature of residents in southern mountainous areas, with beautiful tunes and now the words have been compiled. In addition to the Han nationality, there are folk songs of ethnic minorities, which is determined by the geographical environment, but Hakka folk songs are basically the same. He will borrow some traditional words, such as the Book of Songs, which is different from Hakka folk songs and has richer literary rhetoric. (Hakka also has witchcraft culture? Witchcraft will be popular in every primitive society, which is a necessary stage of development. This is a kind of spiritual life, and you can't say that this or that is not good. Gannan is a minority area. Witchcraft is quite popular. After the Hakkas came in, they had to accept some witchcraft culture in order to adapt to mountain life. Today, people think that Hakka people believe in many gods, but witchcraft and geomantic omen are not the same concept. From today's point of view, because people now look at Feng Shui, they add a lot of foreknowledge to it. The origin of geomantic omen theory is to adapt to the living environment in southern mountainous areas and give people the knowledge of planning and site selection. Until today, these essences have been added. (Hakkas talk about geomantic omen) Hakkas not only talk about geomantic omen, but also originate from Hakkas, which came into being at the same time as Hakka culture and spread to other regions. (Feng Shui master is from Gannan? Yang, a native of Gannan, is respectfully called Mr. Feng Shui. He is a Hakka in Gannan. He took two apprentices, surnamed Zeng and Liao, to settle down and rejuvenate the country. Now he also shows people Feng Shui. The most famous feng shui event in history was the Ming Dynasty's selection of the imperial tomb, which means the Ming Tombs. Mr. Feng Shui chose it in Gannan. The relationship between Hakka culture and red culture. Many Hakkas joined the Red Army. What does it have to do with Hakka culture? Historically, Hakkas advocated national heroes and resisted foreign aggression, and there was such a patriotic cultural atmosphere among Hakkas. Hakkas live in the mountainous areas of Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi, but since the Ming Dynasty, Hakkas have been emigrating overseas, and they accepted advanced western culture earlier. Judging from modern history, Hong Xiuquan revolted, and he was a typical Hakka. He is influenced by western culture, and Sun Yat-sen is a typical Hakka. He became the pioneer of the old democratic revolution. First of all, he has a revolutionary cultural tradition and is influenced by geographical conditions. So the revolution, Marxism spread to China, created the China * * * production party and led the new-democratic revolution, precisely because of this Hakka tradition. For example, the translator of Marx's classic book Das Kapital is our Gannan native, Guo Dali. Without his translation, of course, there will be someone else's translation, but after all, he was first influenced by this, and this revolutionary tradition exists. In addition, at the end of the first revolutionary civil war, the country split, and Chairman Mao proposed that the countryside surround the cities and seize power by armed forces. The mountainous area in southern Jiangxi meets this condition. Chairman Mao used this feudal geographical form to lead the Chinese Red Army of Workers and Peasants to establish the central revolutionary base areas in southern Jiangxi and western Fujian, and the Hakkas followed Chairman Mao in the revolution. When Chairman Mao led the Red Army of Workers and Peasants to the north, a large number of Hakka children followed the Red Army of Workers and Peasants for the Long March. More than 23,000 people died in Xingguo County during the Long March. It can be said that every mile of the Long March, a Hakka fell. You can imagine the enthusiasm of Hakka people to participate in the revolution. What is the relationship between revolution and Hakka character? Some people have done research in this field, and even some foreign scholars have gone to extremes. He said that without Hakkas, there would be no modern revolution in China. I think this is extreme, because from the perspective of the whole Chinese nation, it is a tradition in every part of China to resist foreign aggression and strive for self-improvement. Hakka people will stand out in the modern revolution because of their specific historical background and geographical conditions.

It should be said that it was influenced by the May 4th New Culture Movement. In this place, the China * * * production party believed in Marxism and made some concrete practices. In the old democracy, Sun Yat-sen advised women not to bind their feet. Is there anything new in the Red Soviet Area? ) there will definitely be. Now there is a strange thing. Since the Tang Dynasty in China, women have bound their feet, but Hakkas never do. Hakkas feel that they should be more natural, and 70% of the folk songs are love songs. How do you identify with this culture? ) I was born here, and I have experienced this local culture since I was a child, which is somewhat different from my family background. Especially when I am in the museum, I will compare cultural ideas. The cultural thoughts of Hakkas are quite different from those of other regions. Why do you say that I am a Hakka in culture? Because I can speak very standard Hakka, I can understand the social structure of Hakka well and I can enter their community well. Hakka folk songs can sing some. I will sing a song, the lyrics are: there is no light in the sky, why is it so bright, there is no wind at the bottom of the well, why is it so cold? My sister is seventeen or eighteen this year, and it smells good without flowers. This is a very elegant way to express love for girls.

(Talk about the equipment of the Long March) The Red Army's Long March, as well as the central organs and the Central Red Army, all started from the southern Soviet area. This strategic shift is the result of Wang Ming's "Left" deviation and the failure of the fifth counter-campaign against "encirclement and suppression". Generally speaking, this breakthrough is passive. But in the past, it was said that the Long March of the Central Red Army was a long-distance breakthrough. After recent research, the original conclusion was not scientific. Because the Central Red Army and the central organs are preparing to leave our southern Soviet area, some aspects are well prepared. First, when the breakthrough is determined, the first is the decision made by the Central Secretariat at a meeting in late May of 1934. At that time, it was decided that the Central Red Army, the main force of the Central Committee, left the Central Soviet Area and moved to other places. These problems have not been thoroughly studied. After the decision was made at this meeting, it was submitted to * * * Production International for approval according to the international discipline of * * *, and it was approved by * * * Production International in late June of 1934, so the decision was made long ago. After we got the approval, from July of 1934, our central high-level officials began to make preparations and organized the establishment of Bo Gu. Militarily, in order to gain time for the breakthrough, the Kuomintang army attacked Ruijin in the Central Soviet Area in six ways, and the leaders of the Central Red Army divided the main force of the Red Army into six directions to resist the Kuomintang attack. Divide six ways and resist step by step. This strategic deployment is inappropriate, but it is necessary to gain time for the transfer of the main force of the Red Army. The third aspect of preparation is to expand the strength of the main Red Army. From May to the end of June, 1934 expanded the Red Army by 50,000 troops in the Central Soviet Area. After July, the Central Committee proposed to expand the army by 30,000 people in three months. According to our statistics, from May to the end of September, more than 80,000 new troops were added. Although they only supplement the main force, they will certainly enrich the team. So when the Long March broke out, there were still 87,000 troops. A lot of work has been done in material preparation. One is the Red Army Arsenal rushing to repair guns and build ammunition. The other is to mobilize people in the Soviet area to donate blankets, straw sandals and rice bags. These arms are sold to the country in the form of scrap metal to provide raw materials for the arsenal. In terms of funds, the Red Army needs money to transfer. At that time, some funds were reserved in the National Bank and distributed to the Red Army before the breakthrough, but this was not enough. Our central government mobilized the people in the Soviet area to raise funds and let the landlords and rich peasants donate money and materials. The General Administration of Foreign Trade ordered the purchase of western medicine of 6.5438+0.5 million yuan from the White Area within two months. Our Jiangkou Foreign Trade Branch completed the material preparation for the task in more than a month. The establishment of Gannan Province, in Chongqing, the central government decided to take this as the center to prepare for the transfer and assembly of the Central Red Army and do a good job in the defense of the southwest defense line, so that the main force of the Red Army has no worries. The sixth aspect is that the leading comrades of our military commission took advantage of the relationship between Chen, a warlord in Guangdong at that time, because he had contradictions with Chiang Kai-shek at that time. In order to preserve his strength, he took the initiative to negotiate with the Red Army and signed an armistice agreement, which provided better conditions for us to concentrate on the transfer of the main force of the Red Army. When we broke through the first blockade, the fighting was still fierce. Because of this agreement, we successfully passed the second blockade. The original plan was165438+1mid-October 1934, because at that time, Li De thought that the river had dried up, it was more convenient to cross some rivers, and another autumn grain came down, so the problem of rations was better solved. However, Chiang Kai-shek held a meeting in Lushan and decided to attack Ruijin in advance. Our military commission got the news in August, so we have to advance the time. From the beginning of September, we will accelerate the pace of preparation and enter the stage of direct breakthrough transfer. The military commission ordered that on the one hand, the Kuomintang troops should be stopped, on the other hand, military strength should be cherished and strength preserved. The military also requires logistics services and supplies, including transportation teams. Organizationally, we began to determine the list of people who stayed. Bo Gu Kailai left behind right-wing cadres, such as Qu Qiubai and Mao Zetan, and also left behind some cadres who really needed them, such as Xiang Ying, Chen Yi and Bo Gu Kailai. They did not intend to take Mao Zedong away. Later, after learning about this situation, Zhou Enlai insisted that Mao Zedong take part in the Long March. If he stays, I'm afraid the Zunyi meeting will not be held in the future. In preparation for a direct breakthrough, we can catch it from the beginning of September to the beginning of 10. At that time, there was a good preparation, so we sent the security brigade of the State Political Security Bureau to the place where our Red Army was going to break through and transfer to conduct route reconnaissance and eliminate enemy agents in the Soviet area, and also sent the deputy chief of staff to conduct on-the-spot reconnaissance with the radio. Therefore, the Central Red Army and the central authorities made preparations for the transfer, but some of these preparations were not done well. The worst thing is the ideological mobilization in the process of transfer. At that time, the three-person team stressed that such a large military operation needed to be kept secret and limited to a few people. Zhu De and Mao Zedong didn't know the specific situation, so the masses in the Soviet area were kept in the dark with Ben. Because the ideological mobilization was not done well, the people in the Soviet area did not understand our intentions. After the main force of the Red Army left the Soviet area, the Kuomintang troops attacked on a large scale. On September 30th, Zhang Wentian published an article entitled "Everything to Defend the Soviet Union", which is understandable now. There was no clear transfer at that time. This article has played a certain role in mobilizing the officers and men of the Red Army to fight abroad. 10 On June 9, the General Political Department of the Red Army issued a mobilization order and decided to mobilize troops to prepare for the Long March and hard March. The masses in the Soviet area don't understand the situation at all. (Please tell us about the departure from Chongqing) The breakthrough and transfer of the main forces of the Central Red Army and the central organs began at the beginning of 1934 1 1 year 10. The CMC issued a series of orders on June 7th, 1. 1.65438. First, it ordered the Red Army Corps to leave Xingguo on1October 7. At the same time, the Red Sanjuntuan began to withdraw from the battlefield south of Shicheng. The Eighth Army Corps of the Red Army was established on September 2 1, 1 1, and began to withdraw from the battlefield on September 9, passing through the northern part of Chongqing. As a defender of the Red Army's right wing, he also joined the Ninth Army, 1 1. The last to leave the battlefield was the Fifth Army Corps, that is, the troops behind the house. These five armies went like this. The central leading organ 1 10 left Ruijin for northern Chongqing that night. The main force of the Central Red Army and the total number of field troops compiled by the central organs are more than 86,000. From the evening of 1934, 165438+ 10, 17, they crossed Du Yu in succession in three nights, and then assembled in Anyuan county, south Jiangxi province according to the established route, waiting for the order to launch an attack. It took four days to cross the river. The whole crossing site is 80 miles east and west, and the first blockade line165438+1October 22-25. Crossing the river starts in the evening and ends in the early morning of the next day. Because the plane of the Kuomintang army investigated the bombing during the day, the pontoon bridge we crossed the river was also sealed up at night, and it was demolished at dawn. At that time, the people of Chongqing built a pontoon bridge with all the local timber. People in other areas nearby knew that the Red Army was leaving, and many people rushed to the Du Yu River to see us off. More than 60,000 people in Yudu County joined the Red Army. At that time, there were several support groups in Du Yu. Yang Chengwu wrote in his memoirs that relatives from his hometown also came to see me off. Liu Bojian sent Ye Jianying (which detail do you think is more touching).