Class agarwood
Honey fragrance ("southern vegetation") and agarwood ("Gui Zhiheng") with different names.
Resin-containing wood of Aquilaria Resinatum or Aquilaria sinensis of Daphne family.
Plant morphology ① Aquilaria sinensis
Evergreen trees, up to 30 meters high. The young branches are covered with silky hair. Leaves alternate, slightly leathery, elliptic-lanceolate, lanceolate or oblanceolate, 5.5 ~ 9 cm long, apex acuminate, entire, and lower veins are sometimes silky; With short handle, about 3 mm long. Umbellies; Sessile, or with short total pedicels, covered with silky hairs; Flowers white, as long as or shorter than pedicels; Perianth is bell-shaped, 5-lobed, lobes ovate, 0.7 ~ 1 cm long, and the throat of 10 scale is densely covered with white fluff, with silky hairs outside and fluff inside. Corolla tube is slightly equal to perianth lobes. Stamens 10, inserted on perianth tube, 5 of which are longer; The ovary is superior, rectangular, densely pilose, 2-loculed, with extremely short style, large stigma and oblate. Capsule obovate, woody, flat, 4.6 ~ 5.2 cm long, densely covered with gray-white fluff, with a slightly woody persistent perianth at the base. The seed is usually 1, ovoid, with angular appendages at the base, which is about twice as long as the seed. The flowering period is from March to April. The fruiting period is May-June.
Wild or cultivated in tropical areas. It is cultivated in Taiwan Province, Guangdong and Guangxi. Foreign countries are distributed in India, Indonesia, Vietnam and Malaysia.
② Aquilaria sinensis (Notes of South Vietnam), also known as Aquilaria Resinatum (Guangxi), Daughter Fragrant (Addendum), Tooth Fragrant Tree, Crown Fragrant Tree and Liu Ma Tree.
Evergreen tree Bark grayish brown, branchlets and inflorescences pilose. Leaves alternate, leathery, oblong, obovate or oval, 6 ~ 12 cm long and 2 ~ 4.5 cm wide, with a sharp and blunt apex, a wedge-shaped base, the whole margin, thinning on both sides, and then gradually falling off, smooth and bright; Petiole about 5 mm long, pilose. Umbellies terminal and axillary; The total pedicel is covered with gray-white fluff, and the small pedicels are 0.5 ~ 1.2 cm long and covered with gray-white fluff; Flowers yellow-green, tomentose; Perianth is bell-shaped, 5-lobed, oblong, about 7 mm long and 4 mm wide, with obtuse apex and 10 scale at the throat of perianth tube, densely covered with white fluff, about 5 mm long, and the base is connected into a ring; Stamens 10, filaments stout; Ovary ovoid, densely villous. Capsule obovate, woody, flat, 2.5 ~ 3 cm long, densely covered with gray hairs, with a slightly woody persistent perianth at the base. The seeds are brownish-black, ovoid, about 65438 0 cm long, tapering at the top, with horny appendages at the base of the seeds, reddish brown, 2 cm long, and swollen at the upper part. The flowering period is from March to May. The fruiting period is May-June.
Born in sparse forests or flat barren hills, there is a small amount of cultivation. Guangdong, Guangxi and Taiwan Province provinces.
Collection of domestic agarwood: select trees with trunk diameter greater than 30 cm, and cut them with a knife several times at a distance of 1.5 ~ 2 meters from the ground, with a depth of about 3 ~ 4 cm. After several years, agarwood can be cut. New wounds caused by cutting can still produce agarwood. Another method: cut several small holes (commonly known as "incense doors") with a depth of 3 ~ 6 cm and a diameter of 3 ~ 1 0 cm on the trunk about1m from the ground, and then seal them with soil. After the xylem near the wound secretes resin, agarwood can be harvested after several years. Aquilaria sinensis can sometimes be found in dead trees, which are long in age, high in fat content and good in quality, but not much in yield. After the agarwood is collected, the resin-free part is removed with a knife, and the finished product is obtained after drying. It must be stored in a closed container in a cool and dry place to prevent oil from overflowing and drying.
Medicinal materials ① Imported agarwood
The resin-containing wood of plant agarwood is mostly helmet-hat-shaped, rod-shaped or sheet-shaped, with a length of 7-20cm and a diameter of 1.5-6cm. The surface is brown, often with black and yellow texture, smooth and flat. Solid, heavy, not easy to break, split with a knife, the section is grayish brown. It can be submersible or semi-submersible and semi-floating. It has a special fragrance and bitterness. When burning, there is oil oozing out and the aroma is rich.
Location: India, Malaysia and other places.
② Domestic agarwood
Also known as Hainan agarwood. Aquilaria sinensis contains resinous wood, mostly in irregular blocks or sheets, with a length of 3 ~ 15 cm and a diameter of 3 ~ 6 cm. The surface is uneven, and the organic processing tool marks. It can be seen that dark brown resin-containing parts and yellow wood parts appear alternately, forming stripes. The surface of holes and dents is rotten wood. Lighter in weight, the damaged surface is prickly and brown. Most of them can't sink. It has a special fragrance and bitterness. There is oil leakage, smoke and strong aroma when burning.
Mainly produced in Hainan. Also produced in Guangxi.
Aquilaria is oily, heavy and wax. After careful processing, it is carnation. See the article "canary fragrance".
Saponifying and distilling the acetone extract (40-50%) of Aquilaria Resinatum to obtain volatile oil (13%), which contains benzyl acetone, p-methoxybenzyl acetone, etc. The residue contains 3-phenylpropionic acid, p-methoxy3-phenylpropionic acid, etc. The agarwood infected by mold contains agarworlol, linalool, dihydroagarwood furan, 4- hydroxydihydroagarwood furan, 3,4-dihydroxyagarwood furan and noragarwood furanone; Uninfected sulfur, celery, linalool, etc.
Processing and brushing, chopping into small pieces when using, mashing or grinding into fine powder.
The taste is hard and warm.
① Don't record: "Slight temperature."
② Materia Medica of sea medicine: "Bitter, warm and nontoxic."
3 "Rihuazi Materia Medica": "pungent, hot, non-toxic."
4 Outline: "Those who chew sweet are flat, and those who are spicy are hot."
Meridian enters the kidney, spleen and stomach.
① Explanation of the nature of drugs processed by Lei Gong: "Kidney and Mingmen."
② Herbal Shu Shu: "Entering Foot Yangming, Taiyin and Shaoyin begins with Shaoyin and Zujue Yin Meridian."
③ Drug meaning: "Entering lung and kidney meridians."
④ Herbal interpretation: "Foot shaoyang gallbladder meridian, foot jueyin liver meridian, hand Taiyin lung meridian."
The main function is to cool down, warm the kidney and absorb qi. Can be used for treating asthma, emesis, hiccup, abdominal distension and pain, soreness of waist and knees, constipation of large intestine, stranguria, and cold semen of men.
(1) "Bielu": "Treat the toxic swelling of Feng Shui and eliminate evil spirits."
② Tao Hongjing: "Treating malignant nuclear swelling."
(3) Materia Medica of Haiyao: "Treat abdominal pain, cholera, pathogenic factors, clear heart, and take wine; All sores and swelling should be used as ointment. "
4 "Rihuazi Materia Medica": "Regulating the middle, nourishing the five internal organs, benefiting essence and strengthening yang, warming the waist and knees, and eliminating evil spirits. Stop twitching muscles, stop vomiting and diarrhea, stop cold, stop constipation, (cure) wind-cold paralysis, joint failure, stop damp wind, stop skin itching, stop abdominal pain and stop gas dysentery. "
⑤ "Pearl Capsule": "Tonifying the kidney can also dispel evil and regulate the middle energizer."
⑥ "Outline": "Treat upper heat and lower cold, breath inversion, large intestine deficiency, urine stranguria and male cold."
⑦ "Outline of Medical Forest": "Strengthening kidney and nourishing life, warming middle warmer, drying spleen and promoting diuresis, purging heart and descending adverse flow, all the qi that is not adjusted can be adjusted." It can also be used for the treatment of oral dysentery and arthralgia caused by aversion to wind and cold. "
⑧ Herbal medicine for rejuvenation: "Treating liver depression, lowering liver qi, harmonizing spleen and stomach, eliminating dampness, and inducing resuscitation by inducing diuresis."
Oral administration and dosage: decoction, 0.5 ~ 1 yuan; Grind fruit juice or make it into pills and powder.
It is advisable to avoid excessive fire due to yin deficiency, and use it with caution for those who are depressed due to qi deficiency.
(1) Classic of Materia Medica: "If the qi in the middle is insufficient, it will not return to the yuan, so avoid it; Those who have real evil in the heart meridian should avoid it. " If it is really a door failure, it should not be used as medicine in the lower coke. "
(2) "Materia Medica Yan Hui": "Those who have yin deficiency and go against qi may not."
(3) Ben Feng Jingyuan: "People with qi deficiency and depression should not take more."
4 "Materia Medica from the New": "Those with yin deficiency and excessive fire should not touch their lips."
Prescription 1: Treating chest and diaphragm congestion, abdominal distension, shortness of breath, dysphoria, beriberi: Rhizoma Cyperi (parched and depilated) 420, Lignum Aquilariae Resinatum 18.2, Fructus Amomi 4820, Radix Glycyrrhizae 1220. The top is good at the end. Every time you charge, add a little salt, take the soup and eat it on an empty stomach. ("Bureau" Sean Jiang Qi Pill)
② Treatment of kidney-qi failure due to yin deficiency: grind Aquilaria Resinatum juice, with Ophiopogon japonicus and Radix Rehmanniae Preparata as San Qian, Poria, Rhizoma Dioscoreae and Corni as meat, and Cortex Moutan, Alismatis Rhizoma and Pericarpium Citri Tangerinae as money. Decoct with water and take with agarwood juice. ("Materia Medica")
③ Treatment of chronic spleen and kidney deficiency, stagnant water and drink, upper lung meridian, cough, shortness of breath, abdominal distension, and dysuria: Aquilaria Resinatum, San Qian half, Poria, Pericarpium Citri Tangerinae, Alismatis Rhizoma, Rhizoma Cyperi half, and Moschus half. The top is fine powder, refined honey, and the pill is as big as five cents. Take 20 or 30 capsules each time and cook under water. ("Ji Feng Pu Ji Fang" Sean Pill)
(4) Treating seven emotions, holding your breath, and preventing boredom: grinding Ginseng, Penang, Aquilaria Resinatum, and Radix Linderae at various concentrations, adding water, mixing into seven cups, decocting for three or five times, and taking warm. Or it is better to raise Zheng Dan. ("Fang Jisheng" Si Mo Tang)
⑤ Treatment of phlegm-heat in chest, excessive phlegm-fire and blood deficiency: Pinellia ternata Qubaliang (made of a small cup of ginger juice and a large cup of bamboo juice), Coptis chinensis Liangliang (fried with ginger juice), Aucklandiae Liangliang and Aquilaria sinensis Liangliang. For the fine powder, licorice soup is pan-pill. Hollow ginger soup is two yuan. ("Zhang Yitong" Sean Huatan Pill)
⑥ Treatment of typhoid fever due to qi deficiency and vomiting: one or two pieces of agarwood (file), green tangerine peel (soaked in water and baked), pepper, coriander (fried), Azadirachta indica (file, fried) and Litsea cubeba (fried). Seven flavors on the table, coarse screening. Take two Bi Yuan at a time, half a glass of water and half a glass of wine, and stir-fry the scallion until half a cup, so that I can take it while it is hot. ("Sheng Ji Zong Lu" Sean Pill)
⑦ Long-term treatment of stomach cold. Er: Aquilaria sinensis, Perilla frutescens and Cardamom have their own money. To end it. Five or seven minutes each time, persimmon soup. ("Living with Heart")
⑧ Treatment of qi stagnation in large intestine: grind Aquilaria Resinatum juice into eight parts, take one or two pieces of Angelica San Qian, Fructus Aurantii, almond paste, cistanche deserticola and Aster, and decoct them in water, and take them with Aquilaria Resinatum juice. (Authentic Fang Mai)
If the qi is cured because the cells can't turn around, or the urine is too tolerant, the better the treatment, the non-profit medicine can pass: Aquilaria Resinatum and Aucklandiae are two yuan each. To end it. Take the white soup on an empty stomach, and take communication as the degree. ("Rong Yuan Medical Base")
Famous experts discussed ① Explanation of the Nature of Leigong's Processed Drugs: "Aquilaria sinensis belongs to Yang, which is heavy in nature and mostly contributes to the bottom, so that the kidney enters from the source. However, if the fragrance is too dry, it will hurt the blood, so it is suitable for those who want to be cold. If the water is dirty and weak, the fire will flourish. If it is misused, the water will dry up and the fire will be fierce. " Nowadays, many people think that Taiping medicine is harmless to people and needs to be used to transform qi, while people who do not harm people place their hopes on it. "
(2) Drug Meaning: "Aquilaria Resinatum, rising in pure yang, is heavy in nature, pungent in taste and full of qi, so it has the function of treating carbuncle on chest and back limbs and itchy skin. And incense can warm and nourish viscera, maintain harmony and defend qi. If cold and dampness stagnate in the lower part, it can be used as a supplement to relax meridians and drive away evil spirits; If it is a fall, you can use this as an auxiliary blood-enriching drug to disperse blood stasis and relieve pain; If all kinds of diseases are weird, they can be assisted by attacking phlegm, which can reduce qi and soothe the nerves. " In short, it is necessary to dredge the channels and collaterals, with blood moving with the air and phlegm moving with the air. Any pain and itching will be cured. "
(3) The new edition of Materia Medica: "Aquilaria sinensis, which warms the kidney and helps the heart, uses Rhizoma Coptidis and Cortex Cinnamomi to tonify the kidney. It is more convenient without agarwood, and it is dual-purpose. " However, it is best used for heart and kidney, which requires a sum of money. No grinding is needed. Cut into pieces and take it with cardiotonic and kidney tonic. "
(4) Ben Feng Jingyuan: "Shenshuixiang specializes in transforming qi, which is suitable for people with qi stagnation. Warm but not dry, not diarrhea, supporting spleen and kidney, returning to the original fire. It is necessary to take medicine to control the deficiency and secret of large intestine, watery urine and blood coming from spleen. Anyone who suffers from sudden pain in his heart, pathogenic factors in cholera, and shortness of breath due to qi reversal should be treated with wine; Bumingmen is cold and should take pills. It is combined with Pogostemon Fragrans and Cyperus rotundus to treat deficiency, cold and heat; Combined with clove and cinnamon, it can treat stomach deficiency and hiccup; It can be used with Perilla frutescens and Cardamom to treat vomiting due to cold stomach. Poria cocos and ginseng can cure mental deficiency; Tongchuan pepper, cinnamon, cure life door fire decline; Radix Aucklandiae and Rhizoma Cyperi can be cured by forbearing indoors or urinating too much to make cells unable to rotate; Treating deficiency and secret of large intestine with cistanche deserticola and hemp seed. Ancient people used Simoyin, Sean Huaqi Pill and Guntan Pill to stop diarrhea. Use agarwood to reduce qi and disperse knots, and take it to disperse qi; Use black tin pills to return Yuan. " But if you take it for a long time, you will be discouraged, pale, eat less, and there will be many deficiency syndromes. "
Remind you: agarwood, Chinese herbal medicine, comes from the internet. Please follow the doctor's advice before use.