How is the culvert designed? Where is the general setting? Are there any special requirements for culvert design?

It is mainly carried out by excavation. In order not to hinder the traffic, a crossing culvert is built under the road to let water flow under the road and then turn to the ground. The shape is tubular, box and arch. It is made of brick, stone, concrete and reinforced concrete according to the principle of communication device. It is a small ground drainage structure across the subgrade when the embankment passes through a depression or crosses a ditch, or in order to vent the water above the subgrade to the bottom. The calculated span L of single span is less than 5m, and the total length of porous span (L1) is not strictly specified. Culverts can be divided into brick culvert, stone culvert, concrete culvert and reinforced concrete culvert according to building materials. According to the form of culvert section, it can be divided into pipe culvert, plate culvert, box culvert and arch culvert. According to the situation of culvert top filling, it can be divided into open culvert-culvert top filling without filling and concealed culvert-culvert top filling is more than 5cm. Culverts are divided into pressureless culverts, semi-pressure culverts and pressure culverts according to their hydraulic performance. Culverts can be divided into arch culverts, box culverts and round culverts according to their structures. When selecting the above culvert types, the size of clearance section, the condition of foundation, construction conditions and project cost should be considered. The part of culvert structure that can directly affect the culvert's venting ability and ensure the safety of the tunnel body is the portal building. The load borne by the culvert includes the pressure given to the culvert by the weight of embankment soil and the pressure transmitted by the weight of trains and vehicles to the culvert through the embankment soil. The top surface of culvert bears vertical pressure, and both sides bear lateral pressure. The section size of each part shall be calculated and determined according to the above load. All kinds of culverts now have standard design drawings.